dealing with gases dr.gergens - sd mesa college when you have completed this powerpoint you should...
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Dealing with GasesDr.Gergens - SD Mesa College
When you have completed this powerpoint you should know•The nature of gases and the kinetic-molecular theory
•What a barometer is
•How gas pressures are expressed
•What is meant by absolute zero
•What the Kelvin temperature scale is
•The mathematical expression for Boyle’s, Charles’, and the ideal gas law
•How to work problems using Boyle’s, Charles’, and the ideal gas law
•What is meant by STP (1 mole of any gas at STP = 22.4 L)
•Calculate a molar volume of gas at STP
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The nature of gases and the kinetic-molecular theorysupplemental handout p 154
The gas particles are in continuous, rapid, random, motion.
Upon collision there is no net loss of energy; energy may be transferred from one particle to another.
A gas consists of particles that are far apart.
The speed (velocity) of particles is directly proportional to the absolute (Kelvin) temperature.
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Molecules in motion colliding exert a pressure
Energy of motion, kinetic energy, KE is proportion to temperature
At constant volume,An increase in temperature leads to an increase in pressure
Don’t Incinerate Warning Labels on Aerosol Cans
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• What is a barometer?
Height of mercury, Hg column—a measure of the pressure exerted by theatmosphere or other gases
Force exerted by the atmosphere, or other gases
To measure pressure of a gas, a column of mercury is generally used
This arrangement is calleda baraometer
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• How gas pressures are expressed
Height of mercury, Hg column—a measure of the pressure exerted by theatmosphere or othergases
A standard atmosphere is definedas a pressure sufficient to supporta column of mercury 760 mm inheight.
1 atm = 760 mm Hg
1 torr = 1 mm Hg
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• What is meant by absolute zero
In making calculations using gas law’s, the temperature that must beused is the Kelvin temperature on the absolute scale.
The temperature scale is called the absolute scale or the Kelvin scale
We should realize that there is a temperature so low that nothingcan be colder. This lowest possible temperature is called absolute zero
The temperature of absolute zero equals –273.16 °C
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K = °C + 273
•What the Kelvin temperature scale is
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• The mathematical expressions for
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• How to work problems using Boyle’s Law, supplemental HO 154
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• How to work problems using Boyle’s Law, supplemental HO 155
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• How to work problems using Boyle’s Law, supplemental HO 155
![Page 13: Dealing with Gases Dr.Gergens - SD Mesa College When you have completed this powerpoint you should know The nature of gases and the kinetic-molecular](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022032607/56649ec55503460f94bcf3e7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• How to work problems using Boyle’s Law, supplemental HO 155
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• How to work problems using Charle’s Law, supplemental HO 156
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• How to work problems using Charle’s Law, supplemental HO 156
![Page 16: Dealing with Gases Dr.Gergens - SD Mesa College When you have completed this powerpoint you should know The nature of gases and the kinetic-molecular](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022032607/56649ec55503460f94bcf3e7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• How to work problems using Charle’s Law, supplemental HO 156
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• How to work problems using Charle’s Law, supplemental HO 156
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• How to work problems using the ideal gas law, supplemental HO 157
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• How to work problems using the ideal gas law, supplemental HO 157
(54416 torr) x (1 atm)
(760torr)= 71.6 atm
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• How to work problems using the ideal gas law, supplemental HO 157
![Page 21: Dealing with Gases Dr.Gergens - SD Mesa College When you have completed this powerpoint you should know The nature of gases and the kinetic-molecular](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022032607/56649ec55503460f94bcf3e7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• How to work problems using the ideal gas law, supplemental HO 157
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• What is meant by STP (1 mole of any gas at STP = 22.4 L)
One mole of any gas at 0°C and 1atm will occupy a volume of 22.4 L
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• Calculate a molar volume of gas at STP ; 1 mol = 22.4 L @ standard temperature and pressure 0°C and 1atm
E.
E.
E.
1CaCO3(s)
+ 2HCl(aq)
1CO2(g)
+ 1H2
O(l)
+ 1CaCl2(aq)
grams
molar mass
(grams)
(mole)
moles
A.
A.
A.B.
B.
B. C.
C.
C. D.
D.
D.
Calculate the molar volume of carbon dioxide at STP that will be produced when 2.0 grams of calcium carbonate is reacted in excesshydrochloric acid.
100.1 36.5 44.0 18.0 111.0
2.0 excess
0.020 0.020
(0.020 moles CO2 produced) x (22.4L) = 0.45L of CO2 at STP (1 mol)
(0.020 moles CaCO3 reacted) x (1 CO2) = 0.020 mol of CO2 produced(1 CaCO3)