December 3rd

Sign in Sign up for presentation Questions about CCA papers? Discuss Film Lecture 11: Global Politics Homework:

Final draft of CCA paper due on Monday Homework #8

Lecture 11

Globalization & Global Politics

Nation- States States:

Political apparatus of government Legal system Military

Sovereignty: authority and power over a nation-states territory Political Economic Social

Food sovereignty: ability to produce food within national borders to feed the citizenry Film “Life and Debt”

Citizenship

Citizenship: rights and duties of individuals within a nation-states

Civil rights: rights under the law

Political rights: right to participate in elections and run for office

Social rights: right to a minimum level of economic welfare and security

Nation-State Building

From 1945 to 1981 over 105 NEW Nation-states became members of the UN

UN declared citizens’ rights to the social contract:

Everyone “is entitled to realization through national effort, and international co-operation…to the economic, social, and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and free development of his personality.”

Development Project

Global political institutions emerged after WWII World Bank & IMF & GATT Lead by US and European States Western as a model: economic & political

Goals: Expand imports of Global North Tech Expand exports of Global South Products Stabilize global trade

Third World Debt

During the 1970’s countries took on a large amount of debt for development programs Lots of money on the global market because of

the development of OPEC

1980’s called the “Lost Decade” for developing countries Many countries sunk into debt due to failure of

development projects as well as corruption

The Debt Solution

Structural Adjustment Programs: economic policies that countries must follow in order to qualify for new World Bank and IMF loans Reduce public spending Decrease wages and focus on “cheap labor” Breakdown global trade barriers

Globalization Project

Extra-state regulation: international political institutions regulate the global economy IMF and WB – new roles World Trade Organization

“Participation in the global economy” Growth based on comparative advantage and

specialization Organized by corporations

The Debt Crisis

The world's poorest countries pay over $100 million every day to the richest countries, private banks, and the IMF/WB The poorest 152 countries owe over $ 2.5 trillion.

"I encourage … total debt cancellation for poor countries because, frankly, it is a scandal that we are forced to choose between basic health and education for our people and repaying historical debt." -- President Mkapa of Tanzania, 2005

Power Elite

Power Elite: individuals who occupy positions of power in leading social institutions and make decisions that have the greatest impact on people nationally Business interests come first

Are we seeing the emergence of a global power elite? Representatives from countries occupy positions

power in leading global institutions

A Global Power Elite?

Transnational Political Organizations: politics w/out borders World Trade Organization (WTO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank

Transnational Corporations: business w/out borders Of the 100 largest economies in the world, 51 are

corporations; only 49 are countries

International business interests take priority in shaping the policy of the IMF, WB, and WTO

Global Politics and Development “Sovereign” nation-states are now being

regulated by extra-state political organizations such as the IMF, World Bank, and WTO Challenges citizenship rights

Civil Political Social

Deterioration of foundation of democracy in nation-states – the state-citizen relationship

Bechtel, Bolivia, & Water

As part of a SAP, the WB and IMF forced Bolivia to sell publicly owned companies to corporations Boliva sold its water system to Bechtel Corporation

Significant price increases for water caused protests, riots, and fatalities Bechtel was forced to leave

Bechtel sued Bolivia for $25 million through the WB in closed-door proceedings Dropped case in 2006