decisions that have shaped u.s. education
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Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education. By: MacKenzie Wehunt. Desegregation. Brown vs. BOE (1954) Struck down separate but equal which was the ruling in Plessy vs. Ferguson. . Per-Pupil Expenditure. San Antonio Ind. School District vs. Rodriguez (1973) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education
By: MacKenzie Wehunt
Desegregation• Brown vs. BOE
(1954)
• Struck down separate but equal which was the ruling in Plessy vs. Ferguson.
Per-Pupil Expenditure• San Antonio Ind.
School District vs. Rodriguez (1973)
• States can permit any kind of finance system but it has to provide the minimum education for every student.
Students with Limited English Proficiency
• Lau vs. Nichols (1974)
• School districts have t take affirmative steps to rectify the language deficiency of students with limited English proficiency.
Special Education• BOE vs. Rowley
(1982)
• Individuals with Disabilities Act statutory entitlement to a free and appropriate public education for all students.
Accommodating Disabilities• School Board vs.
Arline (1987)
• If teacher has a disability, officials have to examine all the information before firing them.
Saluting the Flag• West Virginia State
BOE vs. Barnette (1943)
• Students cant be forced to salute to the flag.
Student Speech• Tinker vs. Des
Moines Ind. Community School District (1969)
• You can’t censor student speech unless it causes a substantial disruption of school operations.
Censorship• Hazelwood School
District vs. Kuhlmeier (1988)
• For school-sponsored activities involving student expression, officials may exercise content based control.
Teacher’s Speech• Mt. Healthy City
School District vs. Doyle (1977)
• Teachers have freedom of expression but should think before speaking.
School Libraries• BOE, Island Trees
Union Free School vs. Pico (1982)
• School boards can’t remove books fro m school libraries unless the reasons reflect education stability.
Student Suspension and Expulsions
• Goss vs. Lopez (1975)
• For suspension up to 10 days, students must be given an explanation and a chance to tell their side of the story.
Corporal Punishment
• Ingraham vs. Wright (1977)
• Student can bring a law suit if the corporal punishment violates the 14th Amendment.
Searches of Students
• New Jersey vs. T.L.O. (1985)
• Authority has to have valid reasons to search students’ property.
Random Drug Tests
• Veronia School District 47J vs. Acton (1995)
• Random drug testing on student athletes is constitutional.
Sexual Harassment
• Franklin vs. Gwinnett County Public Schools (1992)
• Can’t have federally funded programs that discriminate against gender.
Disruptive Students in Special Education
• Honig vs. Doe (1998)
• Special education student can be removed from placement if parents agree or student could harm themselves or others.
Government Aid to Religious Schools
• Lemon vs. Kurtzman (1971)
• Activities can’t advance religion, excessively entangle government with religion, and the purpose must be secular.
Prayer at School Events
• Lee vs. Weisman (1992)
• Clergy-ld invocations and benedictions at public school graduations violate 1st Amendment’s clause prohibiting the establishment of religion.