CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and

Committees of Congress

Legal Sidebari

Declarations under the National Emergencies

Act, Part 1: Declarations Currently in Effect

Emily E. Roberts

Law Librarian

February 28, 2019

On February 15, 2019, President Trump declared a national emergency under the National Emergencies

Act to aid in the construction of physical barriers along the U.S. border with Mexico. Besides raising

questions about whether a national emergency declaration can facilitate the construction of such barriers

(a topic discussed in a related Sidebar), the declaration has also prompted more general interest in the

National Emergencies Act, including in other emergencies declared under the Act that are currently in

effect.

This Sidebar—the first of a two-part series identifying declarations issued under the National

Emergencies Act, provides a Table identifying national emergency declarations that are currently in

effect as of February 15, 2019 (the companion Sidebar, identifying declarations no longer in effect, can

be found here). The Table notes when later Executive Orders or Presidential Proclamations modified the

initial executive action in which a national emergency was declared. The Table also lists statutory

authorities cited to support the initial Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation, along with statutory

authorities expressly cited in those documents as the legal basis for actions taken in response to the

declared emergency. Finally, the Table identifies the date when the declared emergency was last extended

or, if it has not been extended, the date when it is currently set to expire.

This list was generated by searching the Presidential Documents database on Westlaw for citations to the

National Emergencies Act and the terms emergency and declare or proclaim, and by reviewing

presidential actions posted on the White House website on February 15, 2019 following announcement of

the declaration that day. To determine the status of each declared national emergency, we consulted the

Executive Orders Disposition Tables, produced by the National Archives, and searched the Federal

Register database on Westlaw for the Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation number and variations

and combinations of the terms contin! or revok! or rescind! or termin!.

Congressional Research Service

7-5700

www.crs.gov

LSB10252

Congressional Research Service 2

In part because there is little case law on the matter and the Executive has arguably taken conflicting

views over the years on the Act's relationship with other statutes, this Sidebar identifies only those

Executive Orders and Presidential Proclamations that expressly invoke the National Emergencies Act.

Declared National Emergencies Expressly Invoking the National Emergencies Act

Currently in Effect as of February 1, 2019

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 12,170, 44

Fed. Reg. 65,729

(Nov. 14, 1979).

Blocking Iranian

Government

Property

Carter

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651

3 U.S.C. § 301

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

56,251 (Nov. 8,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 12,938, 59

Fed. Reg. 58,099

(Nov. 14, 1994),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,094, 63

Fed. Reg. 40803

(Jul. 28, 1998),

Exec. Order

No. 13,128, 64

Fed. Reg. 43,703

(June 25, 1999),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,382, 70 Fed.

Reg. 38,567 (Jul.

1, 2005).

Proliferation of

Weapons of

Mass

Destruction

Clinton

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651

Arms Export Control Act, 22

U.S.C. §§ 2751-2799aa–2

3 U.S.C. § 301

Arms Export Control Act,

22 U.S.C. §§ 2751-2799aa–

2.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

56,253 (Nov. 8,

2018).

1 This column only lists statutes expressly identified in the initial Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation as providing the

basis for a specific substantive provision within the executive action. For example, the column does not identify United Nations

Security Council Resolutions cited in support of certain actions. Additionally, other sources of authority that might be relied upon

as the basis for a particular provision within the Order or Proclamation are not identified. For instance, Executive Order No.

13,694 provides that covered persons shall be denied entry into the United States; though not expressly providing that such denial

is pursuant to Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, the order cross-references a Presidential Proclamation that

relies upon to Section 212(f) as its legal basis. Neither the earlier Presidential Proclamation nor the statutory provision cited

therein is listed in the Table.

Congressional Research Service 3

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 12,947, 60

Fed. Reg. 5079

(Jan. 23, 1995),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,099, 63

Fed. Reg. 45,167

(Aug. 20, 1998),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,372, 70 Fed.

Reg. 8499 (Feb.

16, 2005).

Prohibiting

Transactions

With Terrorists

Who Threaten

To Disrupt the

Middle East

Peace Process

Clinton

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651

3 U.S.C. § 301

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

84 Fed. Reg. 127

(Jan. 16, 2019).

Exec. Order

No. 12,957, 60

Fed. Reg. 14,615

(Mar. 15, 1995),

revoked in part

and

supplemented by

Exec. Order

No. 12,959, 60

Fed. Reg. 24,757

(May 6, 1995),

revoked in part

by Exec. Order

No. 13,059, 62

Fed. Reg. 44,531

(Aug. 19,

1997).2

Prohibiting

Certain

Transactions

With Respect

to the

Development of

Iranian

Petroleum

Resources

Clinton

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

11,393 (Mar. 12,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 12,978, 60

Fed. Reg. 54,579

(Oct. 21, 1995).

Blocking Assets

and Prohibiting

Transactions

With Significant

Narcotics

Traffickers

Clinton

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

52,941 (Oct. 17,

2018).

2 President Obama took additional steps under this national emergency through Exec. Order No. 13,553, 75 Fed. Reg. 60,567

(Sept. 28, 2010), Exec. Order No. 13,574, 76 Fed. Reg. 30,505 (May 23, 2011), Exec. Order No. 13,590 76 Fed. Reg. 72,609

(Nov. 20, 2011), Exec. Order No. 13,599, 77 Fed. Reg. 6659 (Feb. 5, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,606, 77 Fed. Reg. 24,571 (Apr.

22, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,608, 77 Fed. Reg. 26,409 (May 1, 2012), Exec. Order No. 13,622, 77 Fed. Reg. 45,897 (July 30,

2012), Exec. Order No. 13,628, 77 Fed. Reg. 62,139 (Oct. 9, 2012), and Exec. Order No. 13,645, 78 Fed. Reg. 33,945 (June 3,

2013).

Congressional Research Service 4

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Pres. Proc. No.

6867, 61 Fed.

Reg. 8843 (Mar.

1, 1996),

expanded by

Pres. Proc.

7757, 69 Fed.

Reg. 9515 (Feb.

26, 2004),

modified by Pres.

Proc. 9398 81

Fed. Reg. 9737

(Feb. 24, 2016).

Declaration of a

National

Emergency and

Invocation of

Emergency

Authority

Relating to the

Regulation of

the Anchorage

and Movement

of Vessels

Clinton

50 U.S.C. § 191.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

50 U.S.C. § 191.

Continued

annually, most

recently by Pres.

Proc. No. 9699, 83

Fed. Reg. 8161

(Feb. 22, 2018).3

Exec. Order

No. 13,067, 62

Fed. Reg. 59,989

(Nov. 3, 1997),

expanded by

Exec. Order

No. 13,400, 71

Fed. Reg. 25,483

(Apr. 26, 2006),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,412, 71 Fed.

Reg. 61,369

(Oct. 13, 2006);

revoked in part

by Exec. Order

No. 13,761, 82

Fed. Reg. 5331

(Jan. 13, 2017).

Blocking

Sudanese

Government

Property and

Prohibiting

Transactions

With Sudan

Clinton

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

55,239 (Oct. 31,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,219, 66

Fed. Reg. 34,777

(June 26, 2001),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,304, 68

Fed. Reg. 32,315

(May 28, 2003).

Blocking

Property of

Persons Who

Threaten

International

Stabilization

Efforts in the

Western

Balkans

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

29,663 (June 22,

2018).

Pres. Proc. No.

7463, 66 Fed.

Reg. 48,199

(Sept. 14, 2001).

Declaration of

National

Emergency by

Reason of

Certain

Terrorist

Attacks

G.W. Bush

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

10 U.S.C. §§ 123, 123a,

527, 2201(c), 12006,

12302.

14 U.S.C. §§ 331, 359, 367.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

46,067 (Sept. 10,

2018).

3 This proclamation also modified Pres. Proc. No. 6867.

Congressional Research Service 5

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,224, 66

Fed. Reg. 49,079

(Sept. 23, 2001),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,268, 67

Fed. Reg. 44,751

(July 2, 2002),

Exec Order No.

13,284, 68 Fed.

Reg. 4075 (Jan.

23, 2003), and

Exec. Order

No. 13,372, 70

Fed. Reg. 8499

(Feb. 16, 2005).

Blocking

Property and

Prohibiting

Transactions

With Persons

Who Commit,

Threaten To

Commit, or

Support

Terrorism

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

United Nations Participation

Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §

287c.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

Trade Sanctions Reform

and Export Enhancement

Act of 2000, 22 U.S.C. §§

7201-7211.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

United Nations

Participation Act of 1945,

22 U.S.C. § 287c.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

47,799 (Sept. 19,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,288, 68

Fed. Reg. 11,457

(Mar. 6, 2003),

amended and

superseded in

part by Exec.

Order No.

13,391, 70 Fed.

Reg. 71,201

(Nov. 22, 2005),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,469, 73 Fed.

Reg. 43,841 (Jul.

25, 2008).

Blocking

Property of

Persons

Undermining

Democratic

Processes or

Institutions in

Zimbabwe

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg. 9417

(Mar. 2, 2018).

Congressional Research Service 6

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,303, 68

Fed. Reg. 31,931

(May 22, 2003),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,315, 68

Fed. Reg. 52,315

(Aug. 28, 2003),

Exec. Order

No. 13,350, 69

Fed. Reg. 46,055

(July 29, 2004),

Exec. Order

No. 13,364, 69

Fed. Reg. 70,177

(Nov. 29, 2004),

Exec. Order

No. 13,438, 72

Fed. Reg. 39,719

(July 17, 2007),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,668, 79 Fed.

Reg. 31,019

(May 27, 2014).

Protecting the

Development

Fund for Iraq

and Certain

Other Property

in Which Iraq

Has an Interest

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

United Nations Participation

Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §

287c.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

United Nations

Participation Act of 1945,

22 U.S.C. § 287c.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

23,573 (May 18,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 7

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,338, 69

Fed. Reg. 26,751

(May 11, 2004),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,399, 71

Fed. Reg. 25,059

(Apr. 25, 2006),

Exec. Order

No. 13,460, 73

Fed. Reg. 8991,

(Feb, 13, 2008),

Exec. Order

No. 13,572, 76

Fed. Reg. 24,787

(Apr. 29, 2011),

Exec. Order

No. 13,573, 76

Fed. Reg. 29,143

(May 18, 2011),

Exec. Order

No. 13,582, 76

Fed. Reg. 52,209

(Aug. 17, 2011),

Exec. Order

No. 13,606, 77

Fed. Reg. 24,571

(Apr. 22, 2012),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,608, 77 Fed.

Reg. 26,409

(May 1, 2012).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

and Prohibiting

the Export of

Certain Goods

to Syria

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Syria Accountability and

Lebanese Sovereignty

Restoration Act of 2003, 22

U.S.C. § 2151 note.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

National Emergencies Act,

50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Syria Accountability and

Lebanese Sovereignty

Restoration Act of 2003,

22 U.S.C. § 2151 note.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

21,839 (May 9,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,405, 71

Fed. Reg. 35,485

(June 16, 2006).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Undermining

Democratic

Processes or

Institutions in

Belarus

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

27,287 (June 8,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 8

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,413, 71

Fed. Reg. 64,105

(Oct. 27, 2006)

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,671, 79

Fed. Reg. 39,949

(July 8, 2014).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Conflict in

the Democratic

Republic of the

Congo

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

United Nations Participation

Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §

287c.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

United Nations

Participation Act of 1945,

22 U.S.C. § 287c.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

54,227 (Oct. 25,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,441, 72

Fed. Reg. 43,499

(Aug. 1, 2007).

Blocking

Property of

Persons

Undermining

the Sovereignty

of Lebanon or

Its Democratic

Processes and

Institutions

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

37,415 (July 27,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,466, 73

Fed. Reg. 36,787

(June 26, 2008),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,551, 75

Fed. Reg. 53,837

(Aug. 30, 2010),

Exec. Order

No. 13,570, 76

Fed. Reg. 22,291

(Apr. 18, 2011),

Exec. Order

No. 13,687, 80

Fed. Reg. 819

(Jan. 2, 2015),

Exec. Order

No. 13,722, 81

Fed. Reg. 14,943

(Mar. 30, 2016),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,810, 82 Fed.

Reg. 44,705

(Sept. 20, 2017).

Continuing

Certain

Restrictions

With Respect

to North Korea

and North

Korean

Nationals

G.W. Bush

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

29,661 (June 22,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 9

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,536, 75

Fed. Reg. 19,869

(Apr. 12, 2010),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,620, 77

Fed. Reg. 43,481

(Jul. 20, 2012).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Conflict in

Somalia

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

United Nations Participation

Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §

287c.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

United Nations

Participation Act of 1945,

22 U.S.C. § 287c.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

14,731 (Apr. 4,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,566, 76

Fed. Reg. 11,315

(Feb. 25, 2011).

Blocking

Property and

Prohibiting

Certain

Transactions

Related to Libya

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg. 6105

(Feb. 9, 2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,581, 76

Fed. Reg. 44,757

(July 24, 2011).

Blocking

Property of

Transnational

Criminal

Organizations

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

34,931 (July 20,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,611, 77

Fed. Reg. 29,533

(May 16, 2012).

Blocking

Property of

Persons

Threatening the

Peace, Security,

or Stability of

Yemen

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

22,585 (May 14,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 10

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,660, 79

Fed. Reg. 13,493

(Mar. 6, 2014),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,661, 79

Fed. Reg. 15,535

(Mar. 16, 2014),

and Exec.

Order No.

13,662, 79 Fed.

Reg. 16,169

(Mar. 20, 2014).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Situation in

Ukraine

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg. 9413

(Mar. 2, 2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,664, 79

Fed. Reg. 19,283

(Apr. 3, 2014).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

With Respect

to South Sudan

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

13,373 (Mar. 27,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,667, 79

Fed. Reg. 28,387

(May 12, 2014).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Conflict in

the Central

African Republic

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

United Nations Participation

Act of 1945, 22 U.S.C. §

287c.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

United Nations

Participation Act of 1945,

22 U.S.C. § 287c.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

22,175 (May 10,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 11

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,692, 80

Fed. Reg. 12,747

(Mar. 8, 2015),

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,808, 82

Fed. Reg. 41,155

(Aug. 24, 2017).

Blocking

Property and

Suspending

Entry of Certain

Persons

Contributing to

the Situation in

Venezuela

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

Venezuela Defense of Human

Rights and Civil Society Act

of 2014, 50 U.S.C. § 1701

note.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Venezuela Defense of

Human Rights and Civil

Society Act of 2014, 50

U.S.C. § 1701 note.

Immigration and

Nationality Act of 1952, 8

U.S.C. § 1182(f).

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg. 9415

(Mar. 2, 2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,694, 80

Fed. Reg. 18,077

(Apr. 1, 2015)

amended by

Exec. Order

No. 13,757, 82

Fed. Reg. 1

(Dec. 28, 2016).

Blocking the

Property of

Certain Persons

Engaging in

Significant

Malicious

Cyber-Enabled

Activities

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

13,371 (Mar. 27,

2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,712, 80

Fed. Reg. 73,633

(Nov. 22, 2015).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Situation in

Burundi

Obama

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Continued

annually, most

recently by notice,

83 Fed. Reg.

58,461 (Nov. 16,

2018).

Congressional Research Service 12

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Exec. Order

No. 13,818, 82

Fed. Reg. 60,839

(Dec. 20, 2017).

Blocking the

Property of

Persons

Involved in

Serious Human

Rights Abuse or

Corruption

Trump

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

Global Magnitsky Human

Rights Accountability Act, 22

U.S.C. § 2656 note.

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

Immigration and

Nationality Act of 1952, 8

U.S.C. § 1182(f).

Global Magnitsky Human

Rights Accountability Act,

22 U.S.C. § 2656 note.

Continued by

notice on 83 Fed.

Reg. 65,277 (Dec.

18, 2018).

Exec. Order

No. 13,848, 83

Fed. Reg. 46,843

(Sept. 12, 2018).

Imposing

Certain

Sanctions in the

Event of Foreign

Interference in a

United States

Election

Trump

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

In effect through

Sept. 12, 2019.

Exec. Order

No. 13,851, 83

Fed. Reg. 61,505

(Nov. 27, 2018).

Blocking

Property of

Certain Persons

Contributing to

the Situation in

Nicaragua

Trump

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, 8 U.S.C. §

1182(f).

3 U.S.C. § 301.

International Emergency

Economic Powers Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708.

In effect through

Nov. 27, 2019.

Congressional Research Service 13

Order or

Proclamation

Declaring

National

Emergency

Title President

Statutes Cited as

Authority for Initial

Order or Proclamation

Statutes Expressly

Cited1 within the Order

or Proclamation as

Authority for Actions

Prescribed Therein

Status

Pres. Proc. No.

9844 (Feb. 15,

2019).

Declaring a

National

Emergency

Concerning the

Southern

Border of the

United States

Trump National Emergencies Act, 50

U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

National Emergencies Act,

50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651.

Military Construction

Codification Act, 10 U.S.C.

§ 2808.

10 U.S.C. § 12302.

In effect through

February 15, 2020.