Defence Corruption Risk Indexof governments A new metric

Lunchtime talk, World Bank, March 5th, 2013

Mark Pyman, DirectorDefence and Security Programme

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3 RESPONSIBLE ARMS TRANSFERS

Implementing strong controls

2 TOOLS, TRAINING RESEARCH

Introducing new approaches

1 ADVOCACY and ENGAGEMENT

Impacting international & national policy

Arms Trade Treaty

Companies A-C Index

Encouraging IFBEC

Defence company engagement

Offsets integrity

Research

Comparative analyses

Doctrine

Police reform

Org’n reform

PK tools

BulgariaChileKenyaKuwaitMalaysiaPolandSaudi ArabiaTaiwanTurkeyUkraine

Government Defence Anti-Corruption IndexNATO AU WB UN AU ECOWAS OSCE UNDPKO IAPKTC

Media Academies NGOs Development agencies

4 RESPONSIBLEDEFENCE

Engaging on practical reforms

Training

Training development

Leader days

Workshops

War-games

AfghanistanBalkansBurundiColombiaGuatemalaHondurasSierra LeoneSouth SudanSomaliaUganda

THE TI DEFENCE & SECURITY PROGRAMME

DEFENCE CORRUPTION - THE PROBLEM

DANGEROUS It undermines military effectiveness Poor equipment risks the lives of troops

DIVISIVE It destroys citizens’ trust in the armed forcesFactional control risks; Regional arms race risks

WASTEFUL The defence sector is worth $1.7 trillion p.a. The waste from corruption is in billions of dollars

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•77 questions, scored on a 5-point scale. ‘Model answers’ guide assessor’s responses•Questionnaire filled out by an independent assessor, reviewed by two independent peer reviewers; TI National Chapter review, TI-DSP review•Government involvement requested, comments on drafts requested•Objective answers where possible; reasoned assumptions acceptable where information is lacking.•Structured according to the TI-DSP typology of corruption risks.•All info publicly available: One page summary, 30-50 pp country detail

INDEX METHODOLOGY

THE GLOBAL RESULTS

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GLOBAL FINDINGS

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COUNTRY RESULTS

AFGHANISTAN - BAND E

39% 22% 34% 35% 17% POLITICAL FINANCIAL PERSONNEL OPERATIONS PROCUREMENT

+ Inspector General system of control in operation+ A Military Anti-Corruption unit inside the MOD is in operation+ No indication of corruption concerning military-owned businesses+ No indications of corruption concerning natural resource links.+ Personnel and soldier pay rates are published + Ghost soldiers controlled

WEAK AREAS

FINANCE

- Unclear responsibility for approving security policy- Indications of criminal penetration into the military

PERSONNEL

- No scrutiny of secret spending.- No information on off-budget spending

- Non-objective recruitment and promotions

OPERATIONS - Private Military Contractors need better controls

PROCUREMENT

POLITICAL

- Procurement processes are weak

39%

22%

34%

35%

17%

COMPARISON WITH POST-CONFLICT NATIONS

REGIONAL RESULTS | MENA

ANALYSIS

REGIONAL RESULTS | NORTH AFRICA

ANALYSIS – NORTH AFRICA

REGIONAL RESULTS | LEVANT +

ANALYSIS – LEVANT

Under-perform relative to the CPI

Over-perform relative to the CPI

ANALYSIS

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Legislators: Open defence budget; Scrutiny of policy

Civil Society: Open the dialogue with MOD, Armed Forces

President and Cabinet Insist that the military and Ministry of Defence be leaders in anti-corruption measures

Defence leaders Build a common understanding of defence corruption. Analyse the corruption risks in your defence context. Develop and implement a plan. Work with civil society.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Analyse and understand the risks2. Use good diagnostic tools3. Use surveys and metrics4. Develop a counter-corruption plan5. Engage the leadership, build confidence6. Serious training on counter-corruption7. Clear conduct standards for officials, officers8. Procurement reforms; use of monitors9. Engage media, civil society10. Work with the defence and security contractors11. Establish a counter-corruption Director and unit

PRACTICAL REFORMS

TI suggested approach • Workshop with MOD and military leadership• Review corruption risks• Outline counter-corruption plan

BUILD LEADERSHIP UNDERSTANDING

TRAINING• 5 day counter-corruption course•OF5 level officers, MOD officials•Focus on personal integrity and on corruption prevention•Given 15-20 times to date•Nations develop own version•Very well received

THE WEBSITE: WWW.DEFENCEINDEX.ORG

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www.ti-defence.orgwww.defenceindex.org

Additional detailed slides

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World Bank control of corruption indicators, www.govindicators.org

Nations can make progress in controlling corruption post conflict

Arresting Corruption in the Police

the global experience of police corruption reform efforts

A new report from TI-UK’s defence and security programme

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Main findings

1. Citizens rate police corruption as the top concern in dozens of countries.

2. Reform efforts are often limited and incomplete, especially if undertaken without strong, independent external monitoring.

3. Urgent need for civil society to find more effective ways of contributing to, stimulating and monitoring police anti- corruption efforts.

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Police corruption: a global issue

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