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DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / NSA's Use of Bots Overall Classification: TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL FVEY Current As Of: 24 May 2010 Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52 Dated: 20070108 Declassify On: 20350401 TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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Page 1: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

NSA's Use of Bots

Overall Classification: TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL FVEY Current As Of: 24 May 2010

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52 Dated: 20070108

Declassify On: 20350401

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 2: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

Unless otherwise noted/treat all contained items within slides as classified at the level of the containing slide as indicated at the top / / / / / /

Page 3: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

BotNet Background / / / / / / / / Bot Herding 101 ' / / / V/// / / ^

NSA's Adventures in Bot Herding (FAIL) Successful Endeavors /vZ / Z / Z / Z / / v^ .

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

Page 4: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

^ Symantec..

• Average of 63,912 active bot network computers per day, an 11% increase. Worldwide total rose to just over 6,049,594 - a 29% increase.

• 4,746 Command and Control servers were observed; 40% U.S. based

• China has moved to the top - to 26% while the United States continues to decline. EMEA countries, with the exception of the U.K., showed the largest increase.

United K i n g d o m

C a n a d a

(10) 2%

U n i t e d S t s t e s

( 2 ) 1 4 % C t i i r a

(1) 2S% - T a i w a n

[ 7 1 4 % (5 ) 5 % (4} 6 %

Key (X) = Rank % = Current flrapitrtiôn

Brazil (9) 3 %

UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Page 5: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

- it s a

Used Extensively for Illicit Means / / : / y / / / y / / - Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)/ y y y / y ^ - SPAM Operations / / / / / V / / / V / v / / ' X Financial Fraud/; y y y / y ^ / / / a v ^ ^ ^ ^ Intelligence Collection (Brazil, Russia, China, e t c ) / / / Three Modes of Control • y y ' / / ^ -/l^hase 1 - IRC / / / y y z ^ - Phase 2 - HTTP (OLYMPUS/UNITEDRAKE are Bots) - Phase 3 - Peer-to-Peer

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 6: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

Master Herder Controls / Subordinate Command & Control Nodes / X / Each C2 Nodes Relays// Herder's Instructions to Bots / y X

^ individuals / / / / / / / y ^ E n - M a s s / / / /

BotNets Have Been X Observed with Millions of

Masten Herder'

Subordinate S 2 Node Subordina e tì; Node Subordii

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

Page 7: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

Bot Herding 101 - Hostile Take Over

BotNets are Regularly Exchanged, via / / / R e n t / / ^

->Sale / y y y y / Z •y Hostile Take Over / / / / aka BotWar X y y / y

Sting Operations/ - Use Valid BotHerder V / Credentials • / y Take dontrol of the C2

Channel

i on

xlOO xlO.OOO

SECRET//REL USA, FVEY

Page 8: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

FBI Open BotNet Cas^s US Government Control / y y Bots Directed to "Bot Prison" ^ C u s t o m IRC Server Bot IPs Processed Through Quarantine Engine y - .foreign - Directed to TAO IR

Server jjov/.mil - NTOC Business Logic

- .uè^rè iX i f f ice of VictiM/ Résistance y FBI Goes Public - Avoid

BotWar

GOV/.MIL - NTOC?

US-FBI/OVA yuarentme

Engins

xlO.OOO

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 9: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

/ V ^ O ^ A n All SIGHMT Approach / . /

Leverage FVEY SI Gl NT Systems to Identify and Target Foreign Bots V v x / / Extensively Utilize GCHQ Mid-Point / ^ v / Collection Platforms (and Personnel) Heavy Integration with TURBULENCE/^ Architecture (aka QUANTUMBOT) / / / / -TURMOIL - Passive T i p p i n g ^ v x ^ ^ -TURBINE - High/Low/High Interaction - Snipers - Man-on-the-Side I n j e c t i o n y / v y x / / /

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 10: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

What the DW

"go broad" active CNE Pervasive network analysis vantage points Throw-away non-attributable CNA nodes

Doreen 13 US ScriptK 16 Rom • • • I •

I33t über

Scale of L33t

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 11: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Bot

Check XKEYSCORE for exploitable bots/ Task TURMOIL to watch for such traffic / / Task TURBINE to generate MOTS packet

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 12: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

IRC Server

commands o —

ping-pong for commands On

r I'm here

TAO IRC Server

TAO Bot Server

m

Go download this executable: •

TURMOIL

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 13: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

%QBOT tipping off of INCENSER •X-- but nowhere else / / f;Have bots iir and • but nowhere else . / / / zZ ^Channel health is highly diurnal

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 14: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Host?

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 15: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

If ^ e ^

A botnex updn which the sun never sets ^ QUANTUMBOT tipping diversification / / . - STELLABLUE / / / / / / / / / /

^ S M O K Y S I N K / V / 7 / / % / / / / / / / / / ^TURMOILS at Menwith, MSOC, YRS / / / /

Technique diversification X y ^ ^ V^Man In The Middle (vs Man On The Side) y y /

y Moré locations^ easier to exploit HTTP bots (nti race condition)

-r Throw exploits from our bots y / / / y v y y y y y Exploit toe-holds on networks to get better penetration

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 16: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

S T O V E P I P E S T h r o u g h e x t e n s i v e c o o r d i n a t i o n , w e w i l l b u i l d a c o m m u n i t y o f c o m p l e t e i n c o m p a t i b i l i t y .

Page 17: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Rube Goldbergian Challenges QBOT tasking can* get stale (bots change) TURMOIL QBOT tasking can* break TURBINE QBOT tasking can* break X ISLANDTRANSPORT can* break QUANTUM Diodes can* break Web sniper can* break / / / / A / y FESTIVEWRAPPER can* break TURBINE bot tasking can* break LPs can* break / , FREEFLOW diodes can* break / / / A ^ TAO-homed post-processing can* break TURBINE-homed post-processing can* break Security Marking Service can* break / / / / PRESSUREWAVE can* break

* do / does TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 18: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

Il l lttTlK-! M S A M e t TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 19: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top
Page 20: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Glom onto every status feed you can Squeeze the possible problem region Know who can help you %/

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 21: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 22: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

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Page 23: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 24: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

T o d a y ^ / / / / / / / / /

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 25: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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Tomorrow /yyyy/ y / y - Enrich connect logs with P U Z Z L E C U B E • / / / / / / / / /

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- Put BMS on NSANet V / y y ^ y Push captured PKI to CES v a y y ^ ^ r Harvest user identifiers and marry up with other data

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

Page 26: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top
Page 27: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

C o u n t r y B i na r y Key

Page 33: DEFIANTWARRIOF? and the NSA's Use of Bots otherwise noted/trea alt containel d items within slides as classified at the leve ol f the containin slidg e as indicated at the top

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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0 - c x • L £ ] Most Visited Getting Started Latest Headlines

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17 0 I i i ] Wgjm " t i v O ^ f i R M i i l b i v i o i s ä i ö R L S - i S i f t S t Ü Ä ü f l j j B M a l P f t i t e ì i S W l É É S i d ah i w t i a h

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3

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Its* * e x tè 'j3 ft - | I « - Google

L J Most Visited ^ Getting Started Latest Headlines

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY File Edit View History Bookmarks Tools Help

j y * 1 c x ^ ft • a- p

L £ ] Most Visited Getting Started Latest Headlines

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fHerdsl fBots l ["Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] f lP Usages! ["Countries! fCommand Recurrences! fCommand Types ! L o g g e d in a s : 73882

Listing CommandRecurrences New Command Recurrence

Ed i t E r a s e

C Dirwalk Erase

demo for bob Erase

Get Process Info Erese

GetProc2 Erase

more dirwalks Erase

More dwalks Erase

more dwalks 2 Erase

Mew Command Recurrence

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY File Edit View History Bookmarks Tools Help

i| i - c x • ft- i Google PI L £ J Most Visited Getting Started Latest Headline*

| "I Botlnstances: new Itjl Q Botlnstances: show Ml* f"

fHe rds l fBotsI [ Connec t ed Bo t s l fBot T y p e s ! [Mach ines ] f lP U sages ! [Countr ies] fCommand Recu r r en ce s ! r c ommand Types ] L o g g e d i n a s : 73882

New Command Recurrence

M a i n e

C o m m a n d T y p e

| — Select Comma id .Type — v

H e r d

| — Select Herd —

| • :'.V:.-|-: fl

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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- e x * H E ] 1 3

L £ ] Most Visited Getting Started Latest Headline*

Q Botlnstances: new fcjl Q Botlnstances: show

fHerds l fBotsI ["Connected Bo t s l fBot T y p e s ! [Mach ines ] r iP U sages ! [Countr ies] fCommand Recu r r en ce s ! r c ommand Types ] L o g g e d i n a s : 73882

New Command Recurrence

N a m e

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C o m m a n d T y p e

— Select Command Type — j v

— Select Command Type — G e l D H W a k GelProclnfo

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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m * c x & ft -| | a - Google

L J Most Visited ^ Getting Started Latest Headlines

Botlnstances: new y i |_] Botlnstances: show r ?

fHerdsl fBotsI ["Connected Botsl fBot Types! [Machines] riP Usages! ["Countries] fCommand Recurrences! fCommand Types] Logged in a s : 73882

New Command Recurrence

Mame

|Dirwalks FTvY

C o m m a n d T y p e

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H e r d

M y N e w H e r d

i p a k i n e t b l o c k

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY File Edit View History Bookmarks Tools Help

fc- i Google PI LA] Most Visited Getting Started . Latest Headlines

Q Botlnstances: edit lui j Q] Botlnstances: show y I --- 1 1

fHerdsl fBots l [Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] l'IP Usages! [Countries] fCommand Recurrences! [Command Types!

CommandRecurrerce was successfu l ly created.

L o g g e d in a s : 73882

Editing Command Recurrence TDirwalks FTWr

R e c u r r e n c e N a m e C o m m a n d Type N a m e H e r d N a m e

lH| I My New Herd v | Dirwalks F W I GetDirWalk

E a r l i e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e L a t e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e

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Yes v

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M a x i m u m To ta l E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bot

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s F o r H e r d

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bo t

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r H e r d ( s e c o n d s )

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r Bot ( s e c o n d s )

Update ] [ update And Activate j [ Add ACommand Spec ]

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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fHerdsl fBots l ["Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] riP Usages! fCountr ies! fCommand Recurrences! ["Command Types!

Comm-andRecurrerce was successfu l ly created.

L o g g e d in a s : 73882

Editing Command Recurrence TDirwalks FTWr

R e c u r r e n c e N a m e C o m m a n d Type N a m e H e r d N a m e

lH| | My New Herd v | Dirwalks F W I GetDirWalk

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De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r Bot ( s e c o n d s )

Update ] [ update And Activate j [ Add ACommand Spec ]

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY File Edit View History Bookmarks Tools Help

û - : I ) ' Google PI LA] Most Visited Getting Started . Latest Headlines

Q Botlnstances: edit hjj Botlnstances: show IB THerdsl TBotsl TConnected Bots l TBot Tvpes l TMachinesl TIP Usages! rcountr ies l TCommand Recurrences! TCommand Types l

CommandRecurrer ice was successfu l ly created.

L o g g e d in a s : 738B2

Editinq Command Recurrence 'Dirwalks FTW

R e c u r r e n c e N a m e C o m m a n d Type N a m e H e r d N a m e

lH| | My New Herd v | Dirwalks F W I GetDirWalk

E a r l i e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e L a t e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e

04/22/2010

[Yes v

Yes v

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M a x i m u m To ta l E x e c u t i o n s F o r He rd

M a x i m u m To ta l E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bot

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s F o r H e r d

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bo t

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r H e r d ( s e c o n d s )

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r Bot ( s e c o n d s )

Update j [ Update And Activate | | Deactivat [ Add ACommand Spec )

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0 • c x i i Google PI L £ J Most Visited Getting Started Latest Headlines

• Botlnstances: edit l y Q Botlnstances: show ML f "

fHerdsl fBots l [Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] f lP Usages! [Countries] rcommand Recurrences! [Command Types !

Editing Command Spec _ Command Recurrence

Previous Spec ~~ ; , ~ . -* — De ete This Spec

L o g g e d in a s : 73882

r n o t p a t h

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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ÉÉ * e x tè 'H Ù - iH'ià»; PI LA] Most Visited Getting Started . Latest Headlines

Botlnstances: edit y i I Q Bot Inst an ces: show F fHerdsl fBots l ["Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] riP Usages! fCountr ies l fCommand Recurrences! ["Command Types!

CommandSpec was successfu l ly updated.

L o g g e d in a s : 73882

Editing Command Recurrence TDirwalks FTWr

R e c u r r e n c e N a m e C o m m a n d Type N a m e H e r d N a m e

lH| I My New Herd v | Dirwalks F W I GetDirWalk

E a r l i e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e L a t e s t E x e c u t i o n T i m e

[Yes v

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M a x i m u m To ta l E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bot

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s F o r H e r d

M a x i m u m C o n c u r r e n t E x e c u t i o n s P e r Bo t

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r H e r d ( s e c o n d s )

De l ay I n t e r v a l F o r Bot ( s e c o n d s )

Update ] [ Update And Activate | [ Add ACommand Spec ] [ View Command Specs

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL USA, FVEY

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* * s ' C X f t d ù - f i - i * P I

L J Most Visited ^ Getting Started Latest Headlines

Botlnstances: show y i Q Botlnstances: show I f

fHerdsl fBots l ["Connected Bots l fBot Types ! [Machines] riP Usages'! ["Countries] fCommand Recurrences'! fCommand Types] L o g g e d in a s : 73882

Comm-andRecurrerice was successfu l ly updated and ac t iva ted.

Executions for Command Recurrence rDirwalks FTW1

E x e c u t i o n S p e c Bot I n s t a n c e C r e a t i o n T i m e * T r a n s m i s s i o n T ime A c kn o w 1 e d g e m e n i T i m e C o m p l e t i o n T i m e S t a t u s

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