Definition: Takeover of a territory by a stronger nation Goal:

1.) to dominate the political, economic, and cultural affairs of the people

Colonialism: Country conquers and rules over other regions Exploits their resources Build settlements

I. Economic:1.) Industrial Revolution2.) Population Growth3.) Need for Raw Material4.) Need for New Markets

II. Cultural:1.) Spread Ideas & Knowledge of West2.) The “White Man’s Burden”

◦ Help or Improve primitive people Christians Missionaries aide

III. Political:1.) Create an Empire to expand

influence (land = power)2.) Grow in Power & Dominance

Merchants/Explorers set sail

Set up Trading Post -> Population builds

Soldiers arrive -> Protect Citizens

Engineers/Builders arrive-> Build Towns

Develop for Benefit of Home Country

Locals Excluded!!

Locals Exploited & Suffer!!

The Beginning:1.) 1400’s Portuguese first in Africa2.) 1700’s Europeans explore African interior3.) 1835 most of N. Africa had been mapped

4.) 1870 European nations control only 10%5.) 1870-1914 “The Race for Africa”6.) 1914 only Ethiopia & Liberia were

independent

Regulated European colonization and trade in Africa

Organized by Portugal and Otto von Bismarck (Germany)

Seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa

Outcome: ushered in a period of heightened colonial activity by European powers, while simultaneously eliminating most existing forms of African autonomy and self-governance.