definitions, characteristics, values news. what is the news? the concept: news
TRANSCRIPT
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definitions, characteristics, values
News
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What is the news?
The Concept: News
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What is your definition of the news?
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Oxford Dictionary
News—information about important or recent events, when published or broadcast
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Other definitions of newsNews is what somebody somewhere wants
to supressيقمع; all the rest is advertisingNews is conflict, hardship معاناهand danger
to the community; the unusualخطر(oddityالغرائب, noveltyالشدة); scandal based onالفرديه and individualismالفضيحةthe latter attributes of news
News is what newspaper men make itUnless we understand better the social
forces which bear on the reporting of news, we will never understand what news is
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Objectivity and RealityOne way to describe news is to say it is an „objective” account in the media of a recent newsworthy event or trendاتجاه. According to the Western journalistic tradition, a journalist is an impartialنزيه observer who gathers, processes, and imparts news
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It has been suggested in the science of communication that objectivity in journalism cannot qualify as a positivisticوضعى, verifiable concept يمكن
المفهوم من Some say journalism does . التحققnot exist as a neutral محايدor objective mirror image of reality as it often chooses to claim.
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„The newspaper, seen in its totality, is far more related to a portraitصورة, an
impressionistic portrait االنطباعيه than , الصورةa mirror or a photo image. We select and accentuateابراز; we cannot do otherwise.”
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For this reason, researchers have concluded that objectivity in journalism is not possible—that in fact it is a mythخرافة.
One can assume that each journalist’s interpretation of a news event is just as subjective as the reader’s version of an
article at the time it is read.
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What are some of the rules of journalistic objectivity?
Does that mean a journalist should not strive يسعىfor
objectivity?
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Rule 1 Using a
variety of sources; covering both parties
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Rule 2 Separating facts
from opinion and comment
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Galtung and Ruge
In their groundbreaking study of foreign news, Galtung and Ruge (1965) identified nine elements or news factors that make up news selection and they are still valid today:
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Time Span
The event should best fit the time schedule of the news medium
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Intensityشدة or Threshold Valueالقيمة االخباريه
Magnitude حجم or sudden increase in the normal level of events
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Clarity
A story with clear facts would rather be published
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Cultural Proximity or Relevanceالقرب
The close the event, the better
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Consonance النتيجة
Stories that are ‘expected’—for instance, corruption in certain countries—are more
likely to be selected
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Unexpectedness االحداثالفجائيه
The more unusual or unpredictable
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Continuity
Once a strory is ‘running’ there will be some momentum to carry it further
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Composition التركيب
News stories should normally fit the overall balance of the medium
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Sociocultural Values
of the society and the gatekeepersحراس at the particular news medium
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These news values should be tied with the traditional journalistic 5 Ws and the H
The character in the event (who)The event itself (what)The cause (why)The place (where)The time (when)The manner (how)