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DEMO Systems Engineering Mark Shannon and the PPPT Team Power Plant Physics and Technology

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Page 1: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

DEMO Systems Engineering

Mark Shannon and the PPPT Team Power Plant Physics and Technology

Page 2: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 2

Topics Discussed

• Overall Systems Engineering Strategy• Principle Missions, High Level Requirements• Stakeholder Engagement• High Level Requirements Analysis• Identifying Trade – Off Opportunities• Technical Decision Making• Model Based Systems Engineering• Conclusions

Page 3: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 3

Overall Systems Engineering Strategy

• DEMO is an evolving design that should be allowed to do so, but in controlled conditions

• There are and will continue to be many unknowns• Any Systems Engineering solution must be future proof• High visibility of a current baseline is extremely important• The design needs to be highly optimised to meet difficult and 

conflicting goals• We must be able to track progress

Page 4: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 4

Overall Systems Engineering Strategy II

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 5

Overall Systems Engineering Strategy III

WhoStakeholder Requirements(Top Level Requirements)

DEMO SWG 

PRD

Operational Concept Document(Users, Uses & Context)

Plant Requirements Document 

Plant Design Description

SRD1 SRD2 SRDnSystem Req’ments Doc’s

Physical structure•Plant Breakdown Structure•Configuration Management ModelFunctional architecture •Functional Breakdown Structure •Functional Flow Block DiagramsBehaviour •States & Modes Diagrams•Process Flow Diagram), etc Parametric Relationships•System codes, etc..

PMU with input from PLs

PMU with input from PLs

Project Leaders & Teams

DEMO SWG & PMU 

SHRD

OCD

DDD1DesignDesc’Doc’s

DDD2 DDDn Project Leaders & Teams

Requirements

Design

Requirements

Design Options

Requirements

Design

PDDPDDPDDPBS

CMM

FBS

SYS

FFBD

PFD

STM

SRD1Option 2

DDD1Option 2

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 6

High Level Requirements & Principle MissionsHigh Level Requirements HLR AbbreviationThe Machine can be fully Licensed to meet all DEMO missions Licensed M/CThe Plant operates under a closed fuel cycle for Tritium Trit Self SufficientThe plant is available for ≥ 30% initially,  rising with operational experience Availability

The internal surfaces of the tokomak can withstand incident heat flux under all  Loads  Power handling

The cost of the plant is acceptable Plant CostThe overall plant operational cost is acceptable Ops CostThe technical risk the design of the plant presents is acceptable Tech RiskThe plant design minimises process waste (discharges to air and water) Min Proc Waste

The plant design minimises spent component waste Min Comp Waste

The waste produced by the plant is of low activity / benign Low Activity Waste

All Plant  / Human interactions seek to minimise human exposure to radiation to ALARP levels Dose ALARP

The design life of the plant is of a duration ≥ 30 Calendar Years and around 10 full power years Plant Life

The tokamak complex is representative of that of a commercial station  Comm. Represent.

The plant is maintainable at minimised operational cost Min Maint CostThe plant is able to modulate electricity power output to agreed scenarios Modulate Output

The plant design includes sufficient energy storage or buffer capacity to assure predictable and preferably continuous power output 

Energy Storage

The plant can produce predictable power output above 300MW Power OutputNet Power Output / Fusion power > 0.25 Recirc. PowerPlasma Facing Components Test Bed Support PFC Test BedThe Plant can be decommissioned for an acceptable cost and duration Decomm.

ITER Technology shall be used where possible ITER Tech.

StakeholderReview

Principle Missions for DEMO

• Safety and environmentalsustainability of a DEMOFusion Power Plant(FPP) 

• Plant performance of aDEMO FPP

• Assessment of economicviability of a FPP 

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 7

Stakeholder Meetings                               Garching Meeting Participants

PPPT Expert GroupMull Thomas AREVA DE/ ManagementHesch Klaus KIT/ ManagementChiocchio Stefano IO/ Design IntegrationBarabaschi Pietro F4E/ Design IntegrationWaldon Chris CCFE/ Design IntegrationSonato Piergiorgio RFX/ Technology R&DMorris William CCFE/ Physics IntegrationZohm Hartmut IPP/Physics IntegrationSaoutic Bernard  CEA/ Physics Integration

External MembersMassaut Vincent  SCK.CEN / WasteMünch Wolfram  EnBW/ UtilitiesSforna Marino TERNA / gridsDominguez Maria Teresa 

Empres. Agrupados/ Infrastructures

Tuomisto Harri  FORTUM/ Nuclear Safety/Operation

Stieglitz Robert KIT / Safety, Nuclear technologies

Ibbott Chris EU CommissionZollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear WasteElbez‐Uzan Joelle ITER IOPerrault Didier  IRSN/ F

• Meetings held with GENIV Fission projects togain insight into Stakeholder Processes andProject Execution strategies

• Stakeholder Meeting held in Garching, 18/03/15outcomes were:‐

• Safety Mission• Focus on Accident Scenarios as aPriority

• Also consider ALARA principles,minimising releases and waste

• Performance Mission• Primary importance: Tritium Self sufficiencywith a TBR that can compensate for losses /maintenance

• Output 300‐500MW• Economic Viability Mission

• Produce Cost Estimate• Resolve CAPEX, OPEX andDecommissioning Costs

Page 8: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 8

High Level Requirement Analysis

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 9

Identifying Trade‐Off Opportunities

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 10

Decision Tree

• Each of the 11 established projects for DEMO has 10‐12 highest priority decisions defined

• The process of understanding the sequence in which decisions have to be made is underway (series / parallel)

• Required technical information to make decisions is also being considered

• Result is 11 parallel lanes with many interlinks• Will be used to structure the integrated planDIVDIV‐1:  Water‐cooled target concept down‐selection – selection of most promising concepts Preceding Decisions     Preceding Results

PMI‐05: FW Heat LoadsPMI‐12: Machine Geometry for DEMO1MAT‐02: DataBase: Structural Materials

Practical trials of  target conceptsMaterials joining trials

DIV‐2: Water‐cooled target concept selection – selection of one or two candidate conceptsPreceding Decisions             Preceding Results

DIV‐3:Preliminary choice of water‐cooled target coolant temperature selection (based on available irradiation and corrosion data)Preceding Decisions                    Preceding Results

DIV‐01: Concept Down SelectionMAT‐04: Design Rules

Erosion Performance DataFE Analysis of Fatigue performance of 

shortlisted concepts

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 11

Inputs / Outputs for Decision Making

Technical Decision

Decision InputsKey Technical Performance Data Associated Function / RequirementsAssessment Criteria: must / wantDescription of OptionsList of affected interfaces / impactResults of Studies / Assessment

Fragmentof Logic Tree

Decision OutputsDetailed Recoding of Rationale / scores / arguments Impact assessment / update on associated interfacesSelected solution to be incorporated / updated within config.Closure of any consequential DCRs

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 12

Model Based Systems Engineering

Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can facilitate :‐• An evolving design that can be afforded growing room whilst maintaining 

consistency, through a system that can visualise the consequence of any small evolution quantitatively, quickly and conveniently

• Unknowns that can be handled through assumptions which on resolving a better value can be propagated through the model with the source rationale recorded for the value origin

• Future proofing by providing good visibility of all data attributes and strong justifications presented for each decision and cardinal parameter origin

• Optimisation, by steering the evolution of the design to focus on areas of weakness and opportunity by sanctioning design investigations and trade‐off studies

• Tracking progress through powerful search tools and in‐built processes that can be interrogated on a number of levels: No. of outstanding interface agreements, design review actions completed e.t.c 

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Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 13

Model Based Systems Engineering II

GUI

Application Protocol Interface

Application Protocol Interface

Application Protocol Interface

Application Protocol Interface

Application Protocol Interface

CATIA / Smarteam

Plant CAD e.g.PFDs / EDDs DOORS DMS / 

IDMSysMLEditor

Requirements

PBS / FBS / GBS

Mechanical Config. Data 

Interfaces 

Decision Justification 

Block Diagrams

States & Modes 

Cardinal Parameters

Verification

Design Decision

Consistency Checking

User RoleManagement

Design Review

Versioning & Baselining

Design OptionManagement

Reporting Engine

Design ManagementProcesses

Page 14: DEMO Systems Engineering - nucleus.iaea.org Meeting... · DEMO Systems Engineering ... Zollino Giuseppe Sogin/ Nuclear Waste ... Considering the Issues raised in slide 3 MBSE can

Mark Shannon & PPPT Team | DEMO Workshop |Hefei| 18/05/2015| Page 14

Conclusions

• Our Systems Engineering Management Strategy is evolving as we understand the task ahead, but will be formalised this year

• We have to decide how long variants persist in this phase of the work to 2020

• The Stakeholder Meeting has given us a clear direction with some final negotiation on some of the details

• The requirements analysis has yielded areas for further trade‐off analysis, being executed this year

• The decision tree is essential to planning the work so that we get to the end with all the main decisions made

• We see a model based approach to systems engineering as most appropriate for a project such as DEMO