demonstration and promotion of improved crop (bread
TRANSCRIPT
Demonstration and Promotion of improved crop (breadwheat, food barley & faba bean) Technologies in
Gumara-Maksegnit watershed
ByAndualem Tadesse
December, 2012
Introduction
• Farmers in the watershed are cultivating traditional,low yielding and disease and pest susceptible varietiesfor most of the crops.
• Despite the availability of improved high yielding anddisease and pest resistant and drought tolerantvarieties developed by NARS and ICARDA, farmers didnot get the opportunity to grow these varieties.
• Thus, introducing high yielding and adaptableimproved crop varieties would increase farmers’productivity and livelihood.
• Farmers in the watershed are cultivating traditional,low yielding and disease and pest susceptible varietiesfor most of the crops.
• Despite the availability of improved high yielding anddisease and pest resistant and drought tolerantvarieties developed by NARS and ICARDA, farmers didnot get the opportunity to grow these varieties.
• Thus, introducing high yielding and adaptableimproved crop varieties would increase farmers’productivity and livelihood.
Introduction (Cont.)
• The project conducted PVS trials on food barley, bread
wheat and faba bean crops in the 2010 cropping
season.
• Vars. selected
Food barley- Estayish and Misrach vars.
Bread wheat- Tay, Alidor and Jiru vars.
Faba bean- Degaga, Welqi and Moti
• The project conducted PVS trials on food barley, bread
wheat and faba bean crops in the 2010 cropping
season.
• Vars. selected
Food barley- Estayish and Misrach vars.
Bread wheat- Tay, Alidor and Jiru vars.
Faba bean- Degaga, Welqi and Moti
Objectives
Then demonstrating and promoting the selectedvars. was conducted to:
• Increase farmers’ productivity by introducing andadopting improved crop varieties
• Enhance farmers’ and development agents’ capacity incrop production and management
Then demonstrating and promoting the selectedvars. was conducted to:
• Increase farmers’ productivity by introducing andadopting improved crop varieties
• Enhance farmers’ and development agents’ capacity incrop production and management
Methodology• Demonstrated vars.- ‘Tay’ of bread wheat, ‘Estayish’ of food
barley, and ‘Degaga’ of faba bean
• Urea for bread wheat applied in 2 split (at planting andafter first weeding) while for food barley it was applied atplanting at once
• All other agronomic practices were done by farmers basedon the recommendation with close assistance from Dasand researchers
Crop type Seed rate: Fertilizer rate:
Bread wheat 150 kg/ha 100 kg/ha DAP and 125 kg/ha Urea
Food barley 125 kg/ha 100 kg/ha DAP and 100 kg/ha Urea
• Demonstrated vars.- ‘Tay’ of bread wheat, ‘Estayish’ of foodbarley, and ‘Degaga’ of faba bean
• Urea for bread wheat applied in 2 split (at planting andafter first weeding) while for food barley it was applied atplanting at once
• All other agronomic practices were done by farmers basedon the recommendation with close assistance from Dasand researchers
Food barley 125 kg/ha 100 kg/ha DAP and 100 kg/ha Urea
Faba bean 100 kg/ha 100 kg/ha DAP
Methodology (Cont.)
• No. of participant farmers 60 (20 for bread wheat, 20for food barley & 20 for faba bean )
• Plot size: 50 m x 50 m on each farmers field (total 15ha)
• FREG established
• Training to 100 farmers (13 female), and 7 extensionpersonnel (2 female) about production technologiesand management of crops
• A total of 162 one page production manual in eachcrop type were prepared and distributed
• Field days held
• No. of participant farmers 60 (20 for bread wheat, 20for food barley & 20 for faba bean )
• Plot size: 50 m x 50 m on each farmers field (total 15ha)
• FREG established
• Training to 100 farmers (13 female), and 7 extensionpersonnel (2 female) about production technologiesand management of crops
• A total of 162 one page production manual in eachcrop type were prepared and distributed
• Field days held
Methodology (Cont.)
Data collected• Farmers feedback
• Sample grain yield collected from demonstration plots& neighboring farmers plots
• Economic data
• Simple descriptive statistics was used to analyze thecollected data
• CIMMYT partial budget and sensitivity analysis wereused to do cost-benefit analysis
Data collected• Farmers feedback
• Sample grain yield collected from demonstration plots& neighboring farmers plots
• Economic data
• Simple descriptive statistics was used to analyze thecollected data
• CIMMYT partial budget and sensitivity analysis wereused to do cost-benefit analysis
Table 1. Grain yield and yield advantage of improvedbread wheat variety (Tay) over farmers’ variety
FarmersYield from
demonstration plots (t/ha)
Yield fromneighborin
g field(t/ha)
Yieldadvantage (t/ha)
Yieldadvantage(%)
LegesseAdugna
3.24 2.20 1.04 47.2
Results & discussion
LegesseAdugna
3.24 2.20 1.04 47.2
HoneAwoke
3.65 2.75 0.9 32.72
LakewAwoke
3.43 2.60 0.83 31.92
GizatAwoke
2.89 2.24 0.65 29.01
Mean 3.30 2.45
Table 2. Grain yield and yield advantage of the improvedfood barley variety (Estayish) over the local variety
FarmerYield fromdemonstrat
ion plots(t/ha)
Yield fromneighboring field(t/ha)
Yieldadvantage (t/ha)
Yieldadvantage(%)
EyayuTadesse
2.2 1.6 0.6 37.5
Results & discussion (Cont.)
Yield fromdemonstrat
ion plots(t/ha)
Yield fromneighboring field(t/ha)
EyayuTadesse
2.2 1.6 0.6 37.5
MuluBerihun
2.9 2.2 0.7 31.8
TigetDessalegn
2.4 1.7 0.7 41.2
DessieGebru
2.6 1.8 0.8 44.4
Mean 2.53 1.83
FarmersYield fromdemonstrat
ion plots(t/ha)
Yield fromneighboring field(t/ha)
Yieldadvantage (t/ha)
Yieldadvantage (%)
Table 3. Grain yield and yield advantage of the improvedfaba bean variety (Degaga) over the local variety
Results & discussion (Cont.)
Yield fromdemonstrat
ion plots(t/ha)
Yield fromneighboring field(t/ha)
MelkamuGetu
1.71 1.32 0.39 29.5
MesafintAmbachew
1.29 0.98 0.31 31.6
Alew Kebede 1.24 0.98 0.26 26.5BirhanuEbabu
1.34 0.86 0.48 55.8
Mean 1.395 1.035
Partial budget analysis was done using– Current fertilizer prices– Current wage price
– Current farm gate price of the grain at planting
for each crop
– Current farm gate price of the grain at harvest
for each crop
– Yield adjusted down by 10% to more accurately
reflect yields obtained under farmers’ harvesting
and threshing
Results & discussion (Cont.)
Partial budget analysis was done using– Current fertilizer prices– Current wage price
– Current farm gate price of the grain at planting
for each crop
– Current farm gate price of the grain at harvest
for each crop
– Yield adjusted down by 10% to more accurately
reflect yields obtained under farmers’ harvesting
and threshing
Results & discussion (Cont.)Table 4 Partial budget analysis
Bread wheat Food barley Faba bean
Local Improved Local Improved Local Improved
Mean GY (kg/ha) 2,450 3,300 1,820 2,520 1,035 1,395
Adj. yield (kg/ha) 2,205 2,970 1,638 2,268 931.5 1,255.5
GFB (ETB/ha) 14,332.5 19,305.00 11,466.00 15,876.00 7,452.00 10,044.00
Fert. costs(ETB/ha) 3,010.75 3,010.75 2,708.00 2,708.00 1,497.00 1,497.00Fert. costs(ETB/ha) 3,010.75 3,010.75 2,708.00 2,708.00 1,497.00 1,497.00
Labor cost (ETB/ha) 1,000.00 1,575.00 1,000.00 1,575.00 0.00 875.00
TCV (ETB/ha) 4,010.75 4,585.75 3,708.00 4,283.00 1497.00 2,372.00
NB (ETB/ha) 10,321.75 14,719.25 7,758.00 11,593.00 5,955.00 7,672.00
MC (ETB/ha) 575.00 575.00 875.00
MNB (ETB/ha) 4,397.50 3,835.00 1,717.00
MRR (%) 764 666 196
Field day participants
• In the field days organized in 2011 on food barley technology 29
farmers, 13 extension workers, 8 researchers participated
• In a field day conducted in 2012
65 farmers (7 female),
7 extension workers (2 female),
G/z district administrator delegate and
4 journalists participated and
the occasion has been broadcasted on Mass media
• In the field days organized in 2011 on food barley technology 29
farmers, 13 extension workers, 8 researchers participated
• In a field day conducted in 2012
65 farmers (7 female),
7 extension workers (2 female),
G/z district administrator delegate and
4 journalists participated and
the occasion has been broadcasted on Mass media
Farmers’ feed back
• Farmers evaluated
• Bread wheat (earliness, biomass, spike length, stalk
strength, seed size and seed color)
• Food barley (Earliness, number of rows per spike, plant
biomass, tillering capacity and water logging
resistance)
• Faba bean (pod setting ability, 3-4 numbers of seeds per
plant, and strong stalk)
• Farmers evaluated
• Bread wheat (earliness, biomass, spike length, stalk
strength, seed size and seed color)
• Food barley (Earliness, number of rows per spike, plant
biomass, tillering capacity and water logging
resistance)
• Faba bean (pod setting ability, 3-4 numbers of seeds per
plant, and strong stalk)
Food barley variety Estayesh
Any one who want this improved variety in the next cropping season?
Conclusion
• This experiment was initiated to familiarize
farmers in Gumara-Maksignet watershed with
improved crop varieties with their production
package
• It was observed that farmers participation in
variety selection has paramount importance
• This experiment was initiated to familiarize
farmers in Gumara-Maksignet watershed with
improved crop varieties with their production
package
• It was observed that farmers participation in
variety selection has paramount importance
Conclusion (cont.)
• The field observations and simple statistical
analysis done showed that the varieties are
better and from farmers feedback relatively fitted
farmers’ interest
• So, Gondar zuria district agriculture office and
other stakeholders should take over the
responsibility from GARC and further scale out
the technologies
• The field observations and simple statistical
analysis done showed that the varieties are
better and from farmers feedback relatively fitted
farmers’ interest
• So, Gondar zuria district agriculture office and
other stakeholders should take over the
responsibility from GARC and further scale out
the technologies
Lesson learned
• PTS makes adoption and dissemination of
certain technologies easy
• To facilitate the rate of adoption, research
and extension should be demand driven and
market oriented
• Linkage between major stakeholders in
technology transfer has paramount
importance
• PTS makes adoption and dissemination of
certain technologies easy
• To facilitate the rate of adoption, research
and extension should be demand driven and
market oriented
• Linkage between major stakeholders in
technology transfer has paramount
importance
Way forward
• Those varieties which were selected by
farmers should be scaled out for wide scale
production
• Strengthening participatory research
approach
• Test other varieties/technologies in the
watershed
• Those varieties which were selected by
farmers should be scaled out for wide scale
production
• Strengthening participatory research
approach
• Test other varieties/technologies in the
watershed
