demystifying waste to energy conundrum-potential and project opportunities in india

Demystifying Waste to

Energy Conundrum

Potential and Project

Opportunities in India

November 2013

InfralineEnergy Publications

As an obvious consequence of India’s steady economic growth due led by service sector and growing focus on

large scale industrialisation, the production of waste has increased manifolds over the last few years. Growing

population with constantly changing consumption patterns adds heavily not only to the quantity but also to the

variety of waste. With shrinking landfill capacities and increasing environmental concerns, the waste to energy

market in India is fast catching up.

Figure1: Total MSW generated in 59 Indian

cities (T/D)

Source: CPCB (1999-2011)

Infraline Research (2012-2021)

Waste to Energy projects serve the dual purpose of organised waste management as well as supplement the

energy generation measures in a developing economy besides reducing emissions of green house gases

through natural decay of garbage.. InfralineEnergy in the latest addition to its upcoming publication aims to take

a more comprehensive and multidimensional study of this sector.

Titled Demystifying Waste to Energy Conundrum: Potential and Project Opportunities in India, the report

gives a comprehensive coverage on waste to energy technologies, their potential and opportunities in India. In

addition, project economics, financing and risks associated with the sector have been dealt with in-depth. Along

with assessing the need for a dedicated policy for the sector, the report provides factors critical for the success

of waste to energy projects in India.

Figure 2: Grid Connected Waste to Energy

Installed Capacity in India (MW)

Demystifying Waste to Energy Conundrum Potential and Project Opportunities in India


Source: MNRE

*(Includes MSW, Urban and industrial waste)

55.2558.91

64.9672.46

89.6896.08

FY 2008FY 2009FY 2010FY 2011FY 2012FY 2013

•Assessment of WTE Potential on

Pan India basis

•Opportunity Sizing for WTE

projects

•Top 10 cities providing business

opportunities for WTE projects

•Holistic coverage of Project

Economics

•Procedure to set up WTE

Project, REC & CDM Registration

•Critical Success Factors for WTE

Project

•Successful Business Models

•Insights into Programmes and

Norms on WTE

•Exclusive: Profiling of Major

Industry Players

Key Research

Highlights

•Which cities hold the maximum

potential for WTE?

•What is the current status of

WTE technologies in India?

•What are the typical returns from

WTE projects?

•Which are the most attractive

investment destinations for WTE

in India?

•What are the risks associated

with WTE projects and how to

mitigate them?

•What is the funding mechanism?

Key Questions

Answered

•Project Developers

•New Market Entrants

•Governing Bodies

• Consultants

• Equipment and Service

Suppliers

•Government Organizations

•Technology Providers

• Financiers

•Research Organizations

• Educational Institutes

•NGO

Must Buy For

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50,592

64,101

81,217CAGR=

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary

1. Introduction

Waste Generation and

emerging scenario in India

MSW Disposal Mechanisms

Impact of Sanitary and

Unsanitary Disposal of MSW

Energy from MSW: An

Emerging Opportunity

2. Technologies

Thermo-Chemical

Conversion

Biochemical Conversion

Comparison Between

Various Technologies

Parameters Affecting Energy

Recovery from MSW

Global Picture on Application

of Technologies

3. Opportunity Assessment for

Waste to Energy Projects in

India

Potential for MSW to Energy

in India

Business Opportunity along

the MSW Value Chain

Successful Business Models

in India and Abroad

Indirect Benefits to Major

Stakeholders

4. Policies and Programmes

facilitating Waste to Energy

Projects in India

Central Initiatives

State Level Initiatives

Further Reforms required for

supporting the Sector

5. Establishing Waste To

Energy Plant in India

Initial Assessment

Feedstock Assessment

Location and Land

Assessment/ Requirement

Technology Selection

Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA)

Financial Assessment

Stakeholder’s Consultation

Detailed Project Report

(DPR)

Clearances & Statutory

Requirements

Procedure of REC

Registration

Procedure of CDM

Registration

6. Critical Success Factors

Composition and Yield of

Waste

Municipal Solid Waste

(MSW) Collection and

Segregation

Energy Content and

Recovery Potential from

MSW

Technological Options and

Expected Products Slate

Institutional Framework for

Waste Management and

WTE

Institutional Framework for

Electricity Marketing

Project Implementation

Expertise

Plant Economics and

Operation & Maintenance

Plant Location and

Gestation Periods

Risk Mitigation for WTE

Plants

7. Project Economics for MSW

based Power Generation

Projects

Major Cost Components

Operational Expenditure as

a Percentage of Capital

Expenditure

CDM Incentives

Applicable Incentives for

enhancing Project

Economics

Other Factors Influencing

Economics of MSW based

power generation projects

Generic Financial Model



8. Financing Waste to

Energy Projects

Financing Norms

Major Funding Agencies

Types of funding

Financing Procedures

Challenges in Funding

WTE Projects

Business Models

9. Case Studies

Technology Based Case

Studies

Global Best Practices

The Indian Experience

10. Profiles of Major Players

A2Z Infrastructure Limited

Asia Bio-Energy Private

Limited

Cicon Environment

Technologies

Excel Industries Limited

Hanjer Biotech Energies

Private Limited

Hydroair Tectonics (PCD)

Limited

IL & FS Environmental

Infrastructure and

Services Limited

Jindal ITF Limited

Mailhem Engineers

Private Limited

Ramky Enviro Engineers

Limited

Selco International Limited

SPML Infra Limited

UPL Environmental

Engineers Limited

Zanders Engineers

Limited

The Précis

Acronyms

Payment Options

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