denmark penal code council report 1534, english translation of chapter 19 which is about...

7/30/2019 Denmark Penal Code Council report 1534, English translation of chapter 19 which is about prostitution

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tbplte| apfgt) zbttlamt

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a

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2 hggzt a azgbpgt a zbpldlzbpgt lm pfg elmbmdlmi ae b oapfgc a

? gmpt tzbdg pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt-

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Damugmplam# yfldf lt map lm eadg ea @gmnbh-

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lmuacugt# de- pfg `wp| ae pfg tpbpg` zbplgt pa dlnlmbcltg pbeeldhlmi awpclmg` lm pfg

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ae zgtamt o| eadg a pfgbp ae eadg a apfg eant ae dagdlam# bo`wdplam# ebw`#



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4-0- WM Zapadac ae 27 Maugnog ?::: pa Zgugmp# Twzzgtt bm` Zwmltf Pbeeldhlmi lm

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ae 27 Maugnog ?::: am danobplmi pbmtmbplambc aibmltg` dlng dampblmt pfg tbng

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eadg ea @gmnbh am ?7 @gdgnog ?::4-

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2- wtg` dagdlam# eadg a pfgbpt# lmdcw`lmi bo`wdplam# a

?- wtg` ̀ gdgzplam a ebw`8

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mbpwg pfbp pfg zgtam fbt ma gbc bm` bddgzpbocg bcpgmbplug owp pa twonlp pa pfg

bowtg lmuacug`# a

0- ilulmi a gdglulmi ae zb|ngmpt a ogmgelpt pa bdflgug pfg damtgmp ae b zgtam

fbulmi dampac aug bmapfg zgtam#

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eadg` a danzwcta| cboaw a eadg` a danzwcta| tguldgt# tcbug| a zbdpldgt



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apfg eant ae tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam# lmdcw`lmi lm zamaibzf|- /


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Bpldcg 2# zbp 0-

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cgbtp lmdcw`g lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 6 |gbt le bm| ae pfg eaccaylmi dldwntpbmdgt bzzc|;

2 /Pfg aeegmtg fbt `gclogbpgc| a o| iatt mgicligmdg gm`bmigg` pfg cleg

? Pfg aeegmtg ybt dannlppg` biblmtp b uldpln yfa ybt zbpldwcbc| uwcmgbocg- B

uldpln lt bcyb|t damtl`gg` bt zbpldwcbc| uwcmgbocg yfgm lp lt ogcay pfg big ae

tgvwbc damtgmp wm`g mbplambc cby bm` pfg aeegmtg lt dannlppg` ea pfg gvzcalpbplam

ae pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt a apfg eant ae tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam# lmdcw`lmi lm

zamaibzf|

4 Aeegmtg lt dannlppg` o| wtg ae tglawt ulacgmdg a fbt dbwtg` ewpfg tglawt

`bnbig

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tgmpgmdg a b `gpgmplam a`g ae b nbvlnwn ae bp cgbtp eaw |gbt a b nag tgugg

zwmltfngmp ea `lgdpc| a lm`lgdpc|# b elmbmdlbc a apfg nbpglbc ogmgelp/

4-5- Gwazgbm Zbclbngmp bm` Dawmdlc @lgdplug Ma- ?:22!45 ae 7 Bzlc ?:22 am

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Ebngyah @gdltlam am danobplmi pbeeldhlmi lm fwnbm oglmit bt gib`t pfatg

Ngnog Tpbpgt yfldf bg daugg` o| pfg @lgdplug- @gmnbh lt `wg pa lpt gtgubplam am

kwtpldg bm` fang beeblt bg map daugg` o| pfg `lgdplug-

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nlmlnwn lnzltamngmp ae wz pa 7 |gbt wm`g dgpblm gmwngbpg` biibubplmi

dldwntpbmdgt# faygug# ylpf b nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ae b nlmlnwn lnzltamngmp ae wz pa2: |gbt-



Fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lt `gelmg` bt eaccayt lm bdda`bmdg ylpf Bpldcg ?# zbp 2;

/Pfg gdwlpngmp# pbmtzapbplam# pbmteg# zaultlam ae fboawlmi a gdglzp ae b

zgtam# lmdcw`lmi gvdfbmig a pbmteg ae dampac aug pfatg# o| pfgbp a wtg ae eadg

a apfg eant ae dagdlam# ae bo`wdplam# ae ebw`# ae ̀ gdgzplam# ae bowtg ae zayg a

ae b zatlplam ae uwcmgbolclp| a ae pfg ilulmi a gdglulmi ae zb|ngmpt a ogmgelpt pa

bdflgug pfg damtgmp ae b zgtam fbulmi dampac aug bmapfg zgtam# ea pfg zwzatg

ae gvzcalpbplam/

B zatlplam ae uwcmgbolclp| ngbmt b tlpwbplam yfgg pfg zgtam fbt ma gbc a bddgzpbocg

bcpgmbplug owp pa twonlp pa pfg bowtg lmuacug`# gegg` pa lm Bpldcg ?# zbp ?-

Gvzcalpbplam tfbcc lmdcw`g bp cgbtp pfg gvzcalpbplam ae pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt a apfg

eant ae tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam# eadg` cboaw a tguldgt# lmdcw`lmi ogiilmi# tcbug| a

zbdpldgt tlnlcb pa tcbug|# tgulpw`g# a pfg gvzcalpbplam ae dlnlmbc aeegmtgt bm`

gnaulmi pfg oa`lgt gegg` pa lm Bpldcg ?# zbp 4-


lgcgubmp yfgg bm| ae pfg gcgubmp ewm`t fbug oggm tzgmp lm bdda`bmdg ylpf Bpldcg 2#

zbp 0-

Le pfg dam`wdp gegg` pa lm Bpldcg 2# zbp 2 lmuacugt b dflc`# pfgtg bg zwmltfbocg

pbeeldhlmi aeegmtg gugm le ma wtg lt nb`g ae bm| ae pfg zbbibzft- 2 tfbcc og lm

bdda`bmdg ylpf Bpldcg 2# zbp 7- Pfg pgn /dflc`/ ngbmt b zgtam wm`g 26# de- Bpldcg

2# zbp 5

Wm`g pfg `lgdplugt bpldcg 0# zbbibzf ?# pfg nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ea pbeeldhlmi bp cgbtp

lmdcw`gt lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2: |gbt yfgm pfg aeegmtg;

2- /Lt dannlppg` biblmtp b uldpln yfa ybt zbpldwcbc| uwcmgbocg# yfldf lm pflt

@lgdplug bp cgbtp dflc` uldplnt

?- Lt dannlppg` o| b dlnlmbc aibmltbplam ylpflm pfg ngbmlmi ae Dawmdlc Ebngyah

@gdltlam ?::6!602!KFB ae ?0 Adpaog ?::6 am pfg elifp biblmtp aibmltg` dlng

4- Lmpgmplambcc| a gdhcgttc| zwp pfg uldpln lm `bmig# a

0- Lt dannlppg` o| pfg wtg ae tglawt ulacgmdg a pfg uldpln fbt dbwtg` zbpldwcbc|

tglawt fbn pa pfg uldpln- /

Wm`g Bpldcg 26# zbbibzf 0# Ngnog Tpbpgt tfbcc damtl`g pbhlmi ngbtwgt pa

gtpbocltf bt b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pfg wtg ae tguldgt ea lm Bpldcg ? tfbcc wtg pfg hmaycg`ig

pfbp pfg zgtam lt b uldpln ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi-

Pfg @lgdplug nwtp og pbmtzatg` lmpa mbplambc cby ogeag 5 Bzlc ?:24-

4-9- Bepg Bpldcg ?# zbbibzft b bm` o ae Dawmdlc Ebngyah @gdltlam Ma 56!?::0 ae ?? @gdgnog ?::4 am danobplmi pfg tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam ae dflc`gm bm` dflc`



zamaibzf| GW Ngnog Tpbpgt bg grwlg` pa dlnlmbcltg twdf lp# eadlmi b dflc` lmpa

zatplpwplam a zaelplmi ean a apfgyltg gvzcalplmi b dflc` ea zatplpwplam a

tacldlplmi b dflc` ea zatplpwplam- Pfg pgn /dflc`/ ngbmt b zgtam wm`g 26# tgg pfg

Ebngyah @gdltlam Bpldcg 2# zbbibzf b-

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lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2 |gb- Lp bcta eaccayt ean pfg E@ Bpldcg 7# zbp ?# pfg

nbvlnwn zgmbcp| lm twdf eaccaylmi pya dbtgt nwtp daug bp cgbtp lnzltamngmp ea wz

pa 7 |gbt;

2 Eadlmi b dflc` pa gmibig lm zatplpwplam-

? Zaelplmi ean a apfgyltg gvzcalplmi b dflc` pa gmibig lm zatplpwplam a tacldlplmi

b dflc` pa gmibig lm zatplpwplam# le

uldpln wm`g mbplambc cby ea b dflc` wm`g pfg big ae damtgmp# pfg dflc`)t cleg ybt gm`bmigg`#

wtg` tglawt ulacgmdg a dbwtg` pfg dflc` tglawt lmkw|# a

aeegmtgt bg dannlppg` ylpflm pfg ebngyah ae b dlnlmbc aibmltbplam bt

`gelmg` lm Kalmp Bdplam <6!944!KFB# yfldf nbhgt lp b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pa

zbpldlzbpg lm b dlnlmbc aibmltbplam lm pfg Gwazgbm Wmlam-

4-6- Gwazgbm Zbclbngmp bm` Dawmdlc @lgdplug Ma- ?:22!<? ae 24 @gdgnog ?:22 am

danobplmi pfg tgvwbc bowtg bm` tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam ae dflc`gm bm` dflc` zamaibzf|#

gzcbdlmi Ebngyah @gdltlam am danobplmi pfg tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam ae dflc`gm bm`dflc` zamaibzf| bt gib`t pfatg Ngnog Tpbpgt yfldf bg daugg` o| pfg @lgdplug-

@gmnbh lt `wg pa lpt gtgubplam am kwtpldg bm` fang beeblt bg map daugg` o| pfg

`lgdplug-

Wm`g Bpldcg 0# zbbibzf 7# lt pfg Ngnog Tpbpgt yfldf bg daugg` o| pfg @lgdplug#

grwlg` pa dlnlmbcltg pfg amg yfa igpt b dflc` a gdwlplmi pa zbpldlzbpg lm

zatplpwplam# a zaelplmi ean a apfgyltg gvzcalplmi b dflc` ea twdf zwzatgt- Pfg

pgn /dflc`/ ngbmt b zgtam cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt ae big# tgg Bpldcg ?# zbbibzf b-

Pfg nbvlnwn zgmbcp| tfbcc bp cgbtp lmdcw`g lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 6 |gbt le pfg dflc`lt wm`g pfg big ae damtgmp# bm` lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 7 |gbt le pfg dflc` lt aug pfbp

big- Lm pfg dbtg ae Dagdlmi a eadlmi b dflc` lmpa zatplpwplam a pfgbpgmlmi b dflc` ea

twdf zwzatgt tfbcc og zwmltfbocg Faygug# bdda`lmi pa Bpldcg 0 zbbibzf 5# bp cgbtp

lmdcw`g lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2: |gbt le pfg dflc` lt wm`g pfg big ae damtgmp-

Pfg @lgdplug nwtp og pbmtzatg` lmpa Mbplambc Cby o| 26 @gdgnog ?:24-

4-<- Bepg Bpldcg 2<- Zbp 2# zalmpt b bm` o# Pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Damugmplam ae ?7

Adpaog ?::9 am pfg zapgdplam ae dflc`gm biblmtp tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam bm` bowtg# Tpbpgt

Zbplgt tfbcc dlnlmbcltg pfg amg yfa gdwlpt b dflc` ea zatplpwplam# igp b dflc` pa



gmibig lm zatplpwplam a tgulmi am a apfgyltg gvzcalplmi b dflc` ea zatplpwplam- Pfg

pgn /dflc`/ ngbmt b zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt# de- Pfg Damugmplam Bpldcg 4# zbbibzf b-

@gmnbh bplelg` pfg Damugmplam am 26 Maugnog ?::<# bm` pfg Damugmplam gmpgg`

lmpa eadg am 2 Kwc| ?:2:-

0- Earglim cby

0-2- Marygilbm cby

Pfg dwgmp Maygilbm Zgmbc Da`g alilmbpgt ean 2<:? &Bdp Ma- 2: ae Nb| ??# 2<:?#

lmdc- cbpg bngm`ngmpt,- Lm ?::7# b mgy Zgmbc Da`g &Bdp Ma- ?6 ae ?: Nb| ?::7 bt

bngm`g`,# yfldf gzcbdgt pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g ae 2<:?- Pfg mgy Zgmbc Da`g ae ?::7# bt

bngm`g`# fbt map |gp gmpgg` lmpa eadg-

Bepg © ?:?# zbbibzf 2# zalmp b# lm pfg tplcc gvltplmi Maygilbm Zgmbc Da`g ae 2<:?lnzatg` am bm|amg yfa zanapgt zatplpwplam ae apfgt# o| elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa

7 |gbt- Bepg © ?:?# zbbibzf 2# zalmp o# pfg tbng lt fg yfa gmp tzbdg bm`

wm`gtpbm`t pfbp pfg zgnltgt pa og wtg` ea zatplpwplam# a ybt iattc| mgicligmp lm

pflt gib`-

Pa zanapg pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt flp lp pa fgcz apfgt uacwmpb| zatplpwplam- Lt

zatplpwplam lt map uacwmpb|# flp bpla lmtpgb` ae pfg zaultlamt am pbeeldhlmi- Lm

zadgttat bg gvbnzcgt ae zanaplmi pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt ngmplamg` azgbplmi

lmpgng`lb| danzbm| pfbp aibmltg tgv dcwot yfgg zatplpwpgt zbpldlzbpg uacwmpblc|#

bm` pa gmtwg pfbp pfg zatplpwpgt fbug dclgmpt bm azzapwmlp| pa yah ean a

pbmtzapbplam pa b zcbdg yfgg pfg dwtpangt bg# de- Ap- zz- Ma- 5? &?::?.?::4, zbig

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Bepg © ?:?# zbbibzf ?# bm|amg yfa zwocldc| wmgrwluadbcc| aeeg# zaul`g a ̀ gnbm`

ea zatplpwplam o| elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa 5 nampft- Bepg © 9# Ma- ?# lt bm bdp

zgzgpbpg` zwocldc| yfgm lp lt zgzgpbpg` o| pfg zwocldbplam ae zlmpg` eamp a lm pfg

zgtgmdg ae b cbig mwnog ae zgazcg a lm twdf dldwntpbmdgt pfbp lp dawc` og gbtlc|

tggm ean b zwocld zcbdg bm` lt aotgug` o| bm| pfgg a lm pfg uldlmlp|-

O| zatplpwplam ngbmt pfbp b zgtam fbt tgvwbc lmpgdawtg a bdp ylpf bmapfg ea

gnwmgbplam# tgg © ?:?# zbbibzf 4- Boawp pfg wm`gtpbm`lmi ae pfg pgnt /tgvwbc

lmpgdawtg/ bm` /tgvwbc bdp/# tgg dfbzpg 9# tgdplam 0-4# boaug-

Bepg © ?:? b zwmltfbocg o| elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa 5 nampft am yfldf b egg fbt

tgvwbc lmpgdawtg a bdp ylpf bmapfg a biblmtp zb|ngmp igp tangamg pa zgean

bdplamt ylpf lptgce# tlnlcb pa tgvwbc lmpgdawtg- Le pfg tgvwbc gcbplamt a bdplam fbt

fbzzgmg` am b zbpldwcbc| aeegmtlug nbmmg# pfg zwmltfngmp lt lnzltamngmp ea wz pa

2 |gb- Dlnlmbc ebngyah lt bdda`lmi pa © ?:4 elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa ? |gbt

gtzgdplugc| lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 4 |gbt le pfgg lt b zgtam wm`g pfg big ae 26-



Pfg mgy Maygilbm Zgmbc Da`g &Bdp Ma- ?6 ae ?: Nb| ?::7 bt bngm`g`, damplmwgt

ylpfawp dfbmig pfg zaultlamt ae © © ?:? b bm` ?:4 ae pfg Zgmbc Da`g ae 2<:? ea pfg

zwdfbtg ae tgv# zwtwbmp pa Zgmbc Da`g ae ?::7# © © 4:< bm` 425

Pfg mgy Maygilbm Zgmbc Da`g damplmwgt ylpf pya dfbmigt pa pfg zaultlam lm © ?:? ae

pfg Zgmbc Da`g ae 2<:? am pfg zanaplam ae zatplpwplam# zwtwbmp pa Zgmbc Da`g ae

?::7# © 427pf Pfg `gelmlplam ae zatplpwplam lt gvzbm`g` pa lmdcw`g b zgtam twdfbig

zgean b tgvwbc bdp tlnlcb pa tgvwbc lmpgdawtg# ylpf amgtgce-

Ewpfgnag# pfg zgmbcp| ea zanaplmi zatplpwplam lmdgbtg` pa lnzltamngmp ea wz

pa 5 |gbt# yfldf bdda`lmi zgzbbpa| `wg pa pfg g`wdplam lm pfg mwnog ae zgmbcplgt

lm pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g ae ?::7- Pfgg lt b pgdfmldbc bngm`ngmp lt map lmpgm`g` pa

lmecwgmdg pfg cgugc ae zgmbcplgt# de- Ap-zz- Ma- ?? &?::6.?::<, zbig ?5<-

Pfg Maygilbm obm am zb|lmi ea tgv dbng lmpa eadg am 2 Kbmwb| ?::<# bm` pfgg lt ta

eb tggm dwgmpc| ma tpw`lgt obm lpt wtg a geegdpt lm Mayb| lm igmgbc- O| dampbtp#

Ogigm Nwmldlzbclp| dam`wdpg` b tpw`| ae pfg obm geegdpt lm Ogigm# Mayb|)t tgdam`

cbigtp dlp| bm` fbt bzzav- ?5:#::: lmfbolpbmpt- Pfg gzap ae pfg twug| gtwcpt lt

zgtgmpg` lmdcw`lmi eaccaylmi &/Cadbc damtgrwgmdgt ae tgv damtwng cby lm Ogigm- B

gzap lmdcw`g` nbzzlmi am yangm cgit# nbhgp bm` dannwmlplgt/ &Nb| ?:2:, z- 25.

02,;

/Wz biblmtp pfg obm giltpgg` zatplpwpgt lm Ngcoawmg b `gdgbtg lm ultlocg

zatplpwplam bm` pfg yangm tbl` pfg| ygg zgzblmi cby gmeadgngmp- Zatplpwplam

ngbtwgt tplcc giltpgg` gdwlpngmp ae |awmi zgazcg lm ?::6- Lp gnblmt b dfbccgmigpa `ltplmiwltf ogpyggm pfg damtgrwgmdgt ae pfg cby bm` apfg `gugcazngmpt- Ylpf

pflt lm nlm` zgtgmpg` twug|)t elm`lmit lm pfg eaccaylmi- &---,

Maygilbm b``ldpg` yangm bg cgtt ultlocg zatplpwplam bm` Maygilbm yangm

lmtl`g pfg bgmb à map ybmp bm| dampbdp ylpf zatplpwplam tguldgt- Yflcg pfg

Mliglbm yangm nblmc| yah ean pfg tpggp# pfg Pfbl amc| pa elm` pfg lmpgmbc

nbhgp- Gbtpgm Gwazgbm yangm bg ygcc aibmltg` bm` fbug pbugccg` gvpgmtlugc|-

Natp Tawpf Bngldbm yangm pbugccg` pa apfg Gwazgbm dawmplgt bp pfg plng ae pfg

lmpa`wdplam ae pfg obm- &---,

Pfgg)t oggm ma dfbmig lm pfg gvpgmp ae ulacgmdg biblmtp yangm lm zatplpwplam- Pfg

yangm elm` pfgntgcugt tplcc nag zgdblawt pfbm ogeag- Tgugbc tbl` pfbp pfg|

yawc` dampbdp pfg zacldg le pfg| ebcc uldpln pa ulacgmdg- Pwtp ogpyggm pfg yangm bm`

pfg zacldg bzzgb pa og dwdlbc- &---,

Natp yangm fbug fgbcpf zaocgnt# bm` ngmpbc fgbcpf zaocgnt bg dannam-

Yangm eggc nag zgttwg pa tgcc tgvwbc tguldgt ylpfawp damànt# owp yfgpfg lp lt

bm bdpwbc lmdgbtg lm twdf grwgtpt bg ̀ leeldwcp pa ̀ gpgnlmg- Pfg Maygilbm yangm

bg `wi b``ldpt o| tang ug| zaa fgbcpf- Natp ae pfg yangm lm pflt iawz tbl` pfbp

pfg| à ta lm nag# bm` pfbp pfg| ybmp twotpbmdg bowtg pgbpngmp- Lp lt gugbcg`



nag `wi wtg lm pfg lmàa bgmb pfbm yfbp ybt zgulawtc| hmaym bnami oapf Pfbl

bm` Gwazgbm lplmgbmp yangm- &---,

Ea eaglim yangm igp dfbmig lm gbmlmit pfg gtwcp pfbp nag zgazcg fbug cgtt

dampbdp ylpf pfg mgpyah lm pfgl aym fangcbm`- Lm tpggp zatplpwplam# pfgg lt cgtt

dafgtlam ogpyggm pfg yangm bm` gug|`b| cleg lt dfbbdpgltg` o| tgugg bm`

danzgplplam- Lmdgbtg` pbugc fbt beegdpg` dampbdp ogpyggm yangm lm `leeggmp yb|t-

Yflcg tang gvzglgmdg cgtt dafgtlam ogdbwtg ae pfg cbig pwmaug# apfg gbdf

dampbdp ylpf gbdf apfg pa aibmltg paigpfg- Pfgg lt tplcc dampbdp ogpyggm yangm

bm` ngbtwgt# bm` ̀ lugtg ngpfa`t fbug zaul`g` bddgtt pa mgy gmulamngmpt- &---,

Tpggp zatplpwplam bgmb lt gtpbocltfg` biblmtp paym trwbgt bm` lt dfbbdpgltg` o|

naolclp| bm` cbig pwmaug- Bepg pfg lmpa`wdplam ae pfg cby# lp gda`g` b ̀ gdgbtg

lm pfg mwnog ae flpt- Pfg g`wdplam lm pfg mwnog ae `leeggmp zgazcg yfa aeeg

tgvwbc tguldgt ae tpggp lt dagtzam`lmic| cbig- Lp lt map gugbcg` mgy zwocldugmwgt a t|tpgnbpld ̀ ltzcbdgngmp ean pfg tpggp pa pfg lmàa nbhgp- Zatplpwplam

lm pfg lmàa bgmb pbhgt zcbdg nblmc| ean zlubpg fawtgt- Pflt lt ogdanlmi nag

zgubcgmp `wg pa pfg `leeldwcp| pa elm` bddanna`bplam bp fapgct- &---,

Yangm bm` dwtpangt elm` mgy tpbpgilgt pa nggp bm` pa nblmpblm pfg nbhgp- Tang

yangm)t obiblmlmi zatlplam lt aoulawtc| ygbhgmg`# yflcg lm apfg zbpt ae pfg

zatplpwplam nbhgp zayg gcbplamt o| oapf yangm bm` dwtpangt bg lm b zatlplam

pa eadg pfg apfg zbp|- &---,

Pfg b`kwtpngmpt lm pfg nbhgp bg damplmwawt- Pfgg lt nag wtg ae zlubpgbzbpngmpt bm` pfgg lt b nbhgp ea gmplmi awp aant o| pfg faw- Ylpf lmdgbtg`

danzgplplam# lp fbt oggm lmdgbtg` pbugc ea yangm yfa yah oapf am pfg tpggp bm`

lmtl`g pfg bgmb- Pfg yangm)t bùgpltlmi fbt dfbmig` ylpf `gugcazngmpt lm pfg

nbhgp- Gbc| lm pfg |gb pfg b`t fbug ogdang nag zgtambcltg` bm` yangm gugbc

nag lmeanbplam am pfgntgcugt- Ylpf lmdgbtg` dampac ae pfg bùgpltlmi fbt pflt

pgm` `gdclmg` bm` pfg yangm bg cgep bmam|nawt- &---,

Pfg lmdgbtg` aibmltbplam amg fbt tggm lm zatplpwplam bzzclgt oapf am pfg tpggp

bm` lmtl`g pfg bgmb- Nbmbigt bg ̀ gtdlog` bt /fgcz/# owp nag ylcc og zatgdwpg`

ea zlnzlmi tgdplam- Hg| lmeanbmpt bm` tguldg t|tpgn fbt hmaycgìg ae pbeeldhlmi

lm Ogigm# owp pfg yangm tfbg clppcg lmeanbplam lm pflt bgb- &---,

Pfg nblm eadwt ea ow|lmi tgv bdp geegdpwbplam fbt eadwtg` am yangm yfa tgcc tgv-

Yg fbug clppcg hmaycgìg ae pfg gvpgmp ae ngm yfa ow| tgv- Oapf am pfg tpggp bm`

lmtl`g pfg bgmb# pfgg ybt b tfbz `gdclmg lm pfg mwnog ae yangm yfa aeegg` flt

tguldgt lnng`lbpgc| bepg pfg Bdp)t lnzcgngmpbplam- Tfapc| bepgyb`t amg dawc`

biblm tlim wz- &---,

Lm Kbmwb| ?::<# zacldg zgtgmdg aotgubocg lm pfg zatplpwplam bgmb- Ng`lb ygg

damdgmg` ylpf pfg gmeadgngmp ae pfg cby bm` pfbp pfg eltp ow|g yawc` ebdg elmgt-



Ean Egowb| amyb`t# pfg twnng zacldg ygg cgtt ultlocg# bm` lp ybt `lgdpg`

nwdf bppgmplam pa zacldg gtawdg zaocgnt- Pfgg ybt bcta b ̀ gobpg aug yfbp ybt

pfg natp twlpbocg zacldg ngpfa` pa nggp pfg Bdp)t lmpgmplamt# bm` pfg Atca zacldg pa

nag bdplam.obtg` gmeadgngmp gdglug` nwdf bppgmplam-

Lp lt ug| dcgb pfbp zacldg gmeadgngmp ae pfg cby gcgubmp pa pfg cadbc geegdpt- Zacldg

lm Ogigm gtpbocltfg` lm Bwiwtp ?::< Gvlp iawz# yfgg pfg lmugtplibplam ae lttwgt

gcbpg` pa ow|lmi tgv# zlnzlmi bm` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi bg ibpfgg`- Eaccaylmi pflt#

pfg zacldg yah dgbpg` wmgtp bnami zatplpwpgt- Mbplambcc| pfg zacldg elmg` ?5:

ow|gt ae tgvwbc tguldgt lm ?::<# bm` ta eb ma dbtg cby lm pfg elgc` &Za Tgmpggp#

?:2:,- Lp dbm may ia pa pfg dawmp|)t eltp plbc lm Ogigm lm pfg tzlmi &Ogigmt

Pl`gm`g# Pfwt`b|# Nbdf 26# ?:2:,- Ewpfg pfg zacldg gnzfbtltlmi pfbp pfg cby

bcta fbt b zgugmplug lmpgmplam-

Ea zbpldlzbmpt lm pfg zatplpwplam nbhgp fbt pfawifawp ?::< zgublcg`wmdgpblmp| boawp yfbp lt bccayg` bm` map bccayg`- Pflt gngig` lm `lbcaiwg ylpf

yangm# pfg ygcebg# bm` ̀ ltdwttlam eawnt am pfg Lmpgmgp- Gtzgdlbcc| yangm yfa

tgcc tgv am pfg lmàa bgmb lm Ogigm bltg rwgtplamt boawp zacldg ngpfa`t- Ea

gvbnzcg# egrwgmp zbzg dfgdh bm` gvzwctlam ean pfg fapgct fbt ngbmp pfbp tang

elm` pfgntgcugt dlnlmbcltg`- Bcta dwtpangt bg damdgmg` boawp pfg ngpfa`t

zacldg wtg bm` bg bocg pa wtg bm` pfbp pfg| gvdfbmig plzt bm` gvzglgmdgt am fay

pfg cby dbm og dldwnugmpg`-

Ean pfg yangm pfgntgcugt# pfg ygcebg bm` pfg zacldg tpbpg` pfbp le yangm bg

ialmi pa ybmp pa wtg pfg zacldg# ea gvbnzcg# o| ulacgmdg a pbeeldhlmi bm`

gmeadgngmp nbppgt# lp lt gttgmplbc pfbp pfgg lt b pwtp gcbplamtflz ogpyggm pfg

yangm bm` pfg zacldg- Zacldg fbug `gobpg` pfg `lcgnnb o| gmeadlmi pfg cby

mgdgttblc| ylcc beegdp yangm yfa tgcc tgv- &---,

Gmeadgngmp ae pfg cby bm` fangaymg lth ae zatgdwplam ea zlnzlmi tgdplam# fbt

damplowpg` pa pfg zgazcg yfa tgcc tgv bg gvzglgmdlmi b dampaccg` nwcplzcg gìgt-

Owtlmgttgt lnzcgngmp dampac ngbtwgt bm` daazgbplam pa zapgdp pfgl aym

owtlmgtt bm` pa bual` igpplmi lmuacug`- Ea yangm# pflt gmpblct b `leeldwcp fawtlmi

nbhgp- Lp lt bcta `leeldwcp pa pbhg lm pfg fapgc# bt tgugbc fapgct lmdcw`g` am pfggcgubmp ygotlpgt a pa gdaimltg pfg yangm yfa bùgpltg- Yangm bg zgdglug` pa

og gkgdpg` am pfg obtlt ae mbplambclp| wmcgtt lp fbt oggm /apfg lm`ldbpat/ am

zatplpwplam pfbm ea gvbnzcg b _wttlbm zbttzap- Bcta Maygilbm yangm gzap pfbp

pfg| fbug oggm gvzgccg` ean pfg fapgc bm` `gmlg` bddgtt pa fapgc dfblmt- Pflt ylcc

bzzc| yfgpfg pfg yanbm ybmpt pa tpb| lm pfg fapgc ea yah a ea facl`b|t- &---,

Yflcg yangm eggc dlnlmbcltg`# o| pfg Maygilbm tadlgp|# gvzglgmdlmi tgugbc oglmi

fbbttg` o| ybchlmi am pfg tpggp- Bdda`lmi pa pfg yangm pfgntgcugt bm` pfg

awpgbdf tguldgt# pflt fbt lmdgbtg`- B Mliglbm yanbm tbl` lm pflt dammgdplam pfbp

/nbm| Maygilbmt# oapf ngm bm` yangm# ygg fbbttlmi yangm am pfg tpggp- Pfltfbt lmdgbtg` tlmdg pfg cby dbng# lp)t nwdf nag pfbm ogeag# lp lt nwdf pboaa ---/-



Yangm gvzglgmdg` tlnlcb paa ogeag ow|lmi tgv bdp# owp pfg lmdgbtg nb| og b tlim

pfbp yangm lm tpggp zatplpwplam bg ewpfg nbilmbcltg` o| cby bm` pfbp

fbbttngmp biblmtp pfatg yfa bg cgep am pfg tpggp bzzgb nag cgilplnbpg &---,

Lp ybt zazatg` b mwnog ae f|zapfgtgt boawp yfgpfg tgv.zwdfbtg cby yawc`

damplowpg pa b `gdgbtg a bm lmdgbtg lm dlng- Dlnlmbcltlmi pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv

fbt map zaul`g` àdwngmpg` lnzbdp am dlnlmbc tpbpltpldt mglpfg gib`lmi iblmt a

ulacgmdg bm` bowtg- Pfg nbzzlmi pgbn lt ebnlclb ylpf tpalgt yfgg yangm fbug

tpacgm a gvpapg` namg| ean dwtpangt# owp yg à map hmay pfbp pfgg bg dfbmigt

lm pfg tdazg ae pflt bepg pfg obm-

Lm tzlmi ?::<# ibug tang ae pfg Maygilbm b``ldpg` yangm gvzgttg` pfbp pfg|

dawc` og zwtfg` pa gvgdltg dlng ea zaelp tlmdg pfg| ygg `gzlug` ae pfg

azzapwmlp| pa gbm namg| nag gtzgdplugc|- Pfg twug|)t tgdam` zfbtg bzzgbt

pfbp ea tang yangm pflt lt b gbclp| bm` zbp danzgmtbpgt ea pfg catt ae lmdang lmzatplpwplam pfawif dlnlmbc bdplulplgt- Tgugbc ae pfg Maygilbm yangm b``ldpt

gzap pfbp pfg| aepgm tgcc `wit- Pfgg bg bcta lm`ldbplamt pfbp tang ae pfg Mliglbm

yangm lmuacug` lm ̀ wi.gcbpg` dlng bm` pfbp pfgg bg clmht ogpyggm pfg yangm

lm zatplpwplam bm` zcb|gt lm pfg azgm `wi gmulamngmp lm pfg tpggp#

M|iç`tzbhgm-

O| yahlmi ylpf pfg gmeadgngmp ae pfg tgv.zwdfbtg cby# pfg zacldg fbug wmdaugg`

apfg dlnlmbc nbppgt- Pfg clmh ogpyggm zatplpwplam bm` dlng bg dcatg- Pflt lt

boawp aibmltg` dlng og|am` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# twdf bt `wi pbeeldhlmi a

aibmltg` pfgep- Lmugtplibplam ae ow|lmi tgv fbt bcta gugbcg` ow|lmi tgv ean b

nlma bm` zattgttlam ae dflc` zamaibzf| &yyy-op-ma# 26!:?!2:,-

Ogeag pfg lnzcgngmpbplam ae pfg cby ybt f|zapfgtltg` pfbp pfg zwocld yawc` og

tbeg o| b `gbc ylpf zaflolplam# bm` pfgg ybt nwdf eadwt am pfbp zazwcbplam ybt

beecldpg` lm bm` bawm` pfg `ltpldp ea zatplpwpgt- Tawdgt tb| pfbp pfg yangm lm

tpggp zatplpwplam lm Ogigm bg map bt biigttlug bm` biigttlug bt lp bzzgbg` lm

pfg ng`lb lm bùbmdg ae pfg obm- Hg| lmeanbmpt gvzcblmg` pfbp pfgg fbug oggm

wmtbeg pa ybch pfawif zatplpwplam bgmb- Tang yangm tb| pfbp pfg| mgg` pa og

nag bdplug may pfbm pfg| ygg zgulawtc|- Lp tggnt faygug pfbp le pfgg lt bzgdgzplam pfbp pfg yangm bg nag biigttlug- Lm gbc| ?:2: pflt pgm`gmd| tggnt

pa pwm tangpflmi bm` oa`lgt ean /zratplpwplam ! prbeeldhlmi„ gzap nag

biigttlug ogfbulaw bnami yangm am pfg tpggp-

Pfg ultlocg zatplpwplam lt clnlpg` danzbg` pa ogeag ow|lmi tgv cby gmeadgngmp-

Pfg yangm dang awp cbpg lm pfg mlifp- Bcpfawif pfg| fbug gtpbocltfg` pfgntgcugt bp

pfg trwbg# Paibccngmmlmigm# lp lt map wmclhgc| pfbp lm`lul`wbct gvzglgmdg egyg

aeegt ean yangm ogdbwtg pfg| ygg map zgtgmp am pfg zgulawt gugmlmi-

Pfawifawp ?::< pfgg fbt oggm b tpami ng`lb eadwt am zatplpwplam# tpbpwpa|zaflolplam bm` zacldg gmeadgngmp ae pfg cby- Zwocld)t hmaycgìg ae zatplpwplam fbt



zaoboc| lmdgbtg`- Faygug# lp ylcc aepgm og mgdgttb| mwbmdgt ae oapf nbhgp

iawzt bm` lm`lul`wbct lm zatplpwplam- Bwpfalplgt ylpflm pfg /dampac ! cby/ bm`

/zatplpwplam ! pbeeldhlmi/ lm`ldbpgt pfbp ngm bg aeegg` b ogppg zacld| pfbm pfg

yangm lm pfg nbmwebdpwg ae zatplpwplam bm` lp lt bgc| zatplpwplam nbm| zbigt-

Ng`lb)t eadwt fbt cbigc| oggm yfgpfg pfg cby azgbpgt am pfg obtlt ae clnlpbplamt ae pfg ultlocg zatplpwplam &Za Tgmpggp# ?:2:,- Ng`lb daugbig cgb`t pa lmtpbolclp| lm

pfg gmulamngmp bm` pfbp dwtpangt ylpf`by ean oapf pfg tpggp bm` pfg lmàa

bgmb- Pflt lt gzapg` o| yangm pfgntgcugt# hg| lmeanbmpt bm` tguldg t|tpgnt-

Ng`lb ylcc pfwt lnzbdp am zatplpwplam bm` cgibc geegdp- Hg| Lmeanbmpt dcbln pfbp

ng`lb tcbmp damplowpgt pa yangm)t gvzglgmdg ae oglmi dlnlmbcltg`- Le pfg cby

tfawc` og g`wdbplambc bm` zgugmplug cby grwlgt pfg `ltdcatwg ae iaa` bm`

mwbmdg` hmaycgìg- /

Ewpfgnag# Za Tgmpgp lm ?:2? dam`wdpg` b Twug| am ulacgmdg bt b egnbcg lt gvzatg`

pa lm Atca- Ean pfg twug| gzap lp tpbpg`# bnami apfg pflmit pfg eaccaylmi;

/7-? Fbt pfg drlnlmbcltbplam ae pfg zwrdfbtg ae tgv lmecwgmdg` uwcmgrbolclp| pa

ulacgmdg bnami yangm tgcclmi tgv lm Atca1

&---, Lm Zbp ? ae pflt gzap# yg zgtgmpg` pfg gtwcpt ae b twug| ae Za Tgmpgp

dam`wdpg` lm Tzlmi ?:2?# yfgg yg nbzzg` pfg ulacgmp gvzglgmdgt ae pfg yangm

lm zatplpwplam bepg 2 Kbmwb| ?::<- &---,

Lm Zbp 4 ae pflt gzap# yg fbug gvbnlmg` lmpgulgyt Za Tgmpgp `l` ylpf ublawt

bttltpbmdg ngbtwgt lm ylmpg ?:2:!22- Pfg zwzatg ae pfg lmpgulgyt ybt pfbp ygygg ialmi pa elm` awp boawp pfg dlnlmbcltbplam fb` cg` pa nag ulacgmdg bm`

yfgpfg lp fb` beegdpg` pfg tgdwlp| bm` uwcmgbolclp| ae yangm-

Pflt `bpb àgt map gvzcblm yfgpfg pfg flif lmdl`gmdg ae ulacgmdg bm` pfg

uwcmgbolclp| ae yangm lm zatplpwplam gvzglgmdg `wg pa pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae

ow|lmi tgv# a apfg ebdpat- Yfbp yg dbm gclboc| `gpgnlmg lt pfbp pfgg bg egyg

yangm lm zatplpwplam tb| pfbp pfg| fbug oggm twokgdpg` pa ulacgmdg o| pfg

lmpa`wdplam ae tgv.zwdfbtg cby# bm` pfbp yangm lm zatplpwplam bg b iawz pfbp lt

tplcc ug| uwcmgbocg-

Le pfg tgv.zwdfbtg cby fbt cg` pa dfbmigt lm pfg zgubcgmdg ae ulacgmdg bnami pfatg

tgcclmi tgv lm Mayb|# yg ylcc zaoboc| mgug igp pfg bmtygt-

Zatplpwplam nbhgp lm Mayb| lt b naolcg nbhgp pfbp lt damtpbmpc| dfbmilmi- Pfg

nbhgp lt damtpbmpc| b`bzplmi pa pfg dfbmigt pfbp addw oapf lm Mayb| bm`

lmpgmbplambcc| am ublawt zatplpwplam nbhgpt- Dfbmigt lm cby# gdamanldt# zaclpldt#

zacldg bdplulp| bm` nlibplam zbppgmt beegdp bcc nbhgp ̀ gugcazngmpt bm` fay

yangm aibmltg pfgl clugt zatplpwplam- Pflt bcta beegdpt pfg tgdwlp|# uwcmgbolclp|

bm` ulacgmdg uwcmgbolclp| bnami yangm-



Pfg gzap zalmpt pa pfg ublawt dfbmigt pfg nbhgp fbt tggm lm gdgmp |gbt- Lp mapgt

pfbp pfg mwnog ae gtzam`gmpt yfa bg gvzatg` pa ulacgmdg lm zatplpwplam fbt map

iamg àym- Pfg eliwgt bcta zalmp lm pfg azzatlpg `lgdplam- Lm pfg twug| dam`wdpg`

lm ?::9!:6 bmtygg` 7?' ae pfgn pfbp pfg| fb` gvzglgmdg` ulacgmdg lm

zatplpwplam ̀ wlmi zatplpwplam dbgg- Lm ?:2?# 7<' gtzam`lmi pfbp pfg| fb`gvzglgmdg` ulacgmdg lm zatplpwplam `wlmi pfg zbtp pfgg |gbt-/

Za Tgmpgp gtplnbpgt ean bmbc|tlmi bùgpltlmi ea zatplpwplam pfbp lm Mayb| lm

?::6 pfgg ybt bzzav- 20::# lm ?::< bzzavlnbpgc| 22::# lm ?:2: bzzav- 20:: bm` lm

?:22 bzzav- 2#6:: zgazcg# yfa bùgpltg` ylpf tbcgt ae tgv &Za Tgmpgpt bmmwbc

gzapt ea ?::<# z- 24.20# ?:2: zbig 27 bm` ?:22 zbig <,- Yflcg pfgg ybt pfwt b

rwgtplam ae b fgn lm ?::<# yfgg pfg tgv zwdfbtlmi cby paah geegdp# pfg mwnog

lmdgbtg` lm pfg eaccaylmi |gbt bm` lt may caw`g gm` ogeag pfg tgv zwdfbtlmi cby

paah zcbdg-

Za Tgmpgp gtplnbpgt ean yahlmi lm pfg elgc` pfbp mwnog ae tpggp zatplpwpgt lm Atca

lm ?::9 ybt bzzav- <9:# lm ?::6 db- 2?4:# lm ?::< bzzavlnbpgc| 7::# lm ?:2: bzzav-

59: bm` lm ?:22 bzzav- 67: &Za Tgmpgpt Bmmwbc _gzap ea ?:22# zbig 2:,- Pfgg

ygg pfwt pbcht ae b ulacgmp fang lm ?::<# bcpfawif pfg mwnog fbt lmdgbtg` lm pfg

eaccaylmi |gbt# pfg mwnog tpgb`lc| cayg gm` ogeag pfg tgv zwdfbtlmi cby ogdbng

bdplug-

Pfgg ybt ?::<.?:22 Atca gtzgdplugc| 2?6# 67 bm` 60 b ulacbplam ae pfg tgv

zwdfbtlmi- Ylpflm pflt gtzgdplugc| 04# ?2 bm` 5 lmàa zatplpwplam &Za Tgmpg)t

Bmmwbc _gzap ea ?:22# zbig 24,- Ea bcc ae Mayb| ybt pfgg lm ?:22 giltpgg` ?22

gulgyt# yfldf ybt b `gdgbtg ae 26-7' danzbg` pa ?:2:-

Ean pfg Za Tgmpg)t bmmwbc gzap ea ?:22 tpbpg` bnamitp nbm| pfg eaccaylmi &zbig

0# 24# 20# ?2 bm` ?6,;

/Pfg gdamanld zaocgnt pfbp nbm| dawmplgt lm Gwazg bg ebdlmi beegdp zatplpwplam

pfawifawp pfg Tdfgmigm bgb- Yfgm zwdfbtlmi pfg zayg `lnlmltfgt lt lp mbpwbc

ea pfg yangm pa tggh pa b dawmp| yfgg pfg gdaman| lt ogppg- Mayb| lt twdf b

dawmp|- Za Tgmpgp gda`t bcta tfay pfbp# pfg lmecwv ae eaglim yangm gtzgdlbcc|

ean Lpbc| bm` Tzblm fbug lmdgbtg` lm ?:22 danzbg` ylpf pfg |gb ogeag-

Bepg ow|lmi tgv bdp ybt lmpa`wdg` lm ?::< tfawc` og bttwng` pfbp pfg zazaplam

ae eaglim yangm yawc` `gdclmg- Lp ybt pfawifp pfbp pfg cby yawc` cgb` pa cgtt

fwnbm pbeeldhlmi pa Mayb|# owp cgtt lmecwv ae yangm ean dawmplgt yfgg

pbeeldhlmi lt zgubcgmp- Le pflt dbm og ngbtwg` obtg` am fay nbm| eaglim yangm

yfa bg lm zatplpwplam lm Mayb|# lp fbt map pwmg` pa bm bzzgdlbocg gvpgmp-

Ewpfgnag pfg gvdfbmig bpg lt ebuawbocg8 pfggea eaglim yangm dbm gbm nag

o| tgcclmi tgv lm Mayb| pfbm lm pfg azzapwmlplgt pfg| fbug lm pfg tawpfgm

Gwazgbm dawmplgt# gugm ylpf pfg lmpa`wdplam ae pfg obm- &---,



Pfg tgv.zwdfbtg cby fb` eaw iabct# o| dlnlmbcltlmi pfg dwtpang `gtlg pa fgcz

g`wdg zatplpwplam# zgugmp gdwlpngmp Xae dwtpangt^# zgugmp pbeeldhlmi bm` fgcz

dfbmig bpplpw`gt payb` ow|lmi tgv- Lp ybt bcta tpbpg` pfbp pfg cby yawc` map fgcz pa

nbhg pfg tlpwbplam yatg ea pfatg lm zatplpwplam- Lm pfg pfgg |gbt pfbp fbug

zbttg` tlmdg pfg cby ybt lmpa`wdg`# pfgg lt nwdf gul`gmdg pfbp pfg| fbug nbmbig`pa yatgm pfg clulmi dam`lplamt ae yangm bm` ngm lm zatplpwplam-

Gtzgdlbcc| lm pfg Atca zacldg lm pfg zbtp |gb bp plngt oggm ug| bdplug lm zatplpwplam

bm` nbm| yangm lm oapf lmàa bm` tpggp zatplpwpgt damtl`g pfgntgcugt

zgtgdwpg`# fbbttg` bm` lmtwcpg`- Zacldg am lpt zbp tbl` pfbp geeapt bg mgg`g` lm

zbp pa gbdf pfg dwtpang- Biblmtp pflt obdhàz gngigt bt tangyfbp tpbmig pfbp

pfg mwnog ae dclgmpt pbhgm am lm pfg nbhgp bg cay lm ?:22# 5 zlgdgt danzbg` pa

?2 pfg |gb ogeag-

Lp lt clhgc| pfbp zacldg geeapt bg nag eadwtg` am ya|lmi zatplpwplam bm` nbhg pfgtlpwbplam nag `leeldwcp ea pfatg yfa tgcc tgv# owp pa lmpgmtle| pfg elifp biblmtp dlngt

twdf bt fwnbm pbeeldhlmi bm` tgv dclgmpt- Zacldg tbl` pfgm bcta tb|lmi pfbp pfgl

geeapt ylcc fgcz gmtwg pfbp pa og nb`g ea dam`wdplmi zatplpwplam lm Atca- Pfg

rwgtplam lt yfgpfg lp gbcc| lt pfg zacldg kao pa fgcz nbhg lp bt `leeldwcp bt zattlocg pa

gmibig lm b cbyewc owtlmgtt pfbp tgcct tgv bepg bcc- &---,

Pflt bpldcg tfbcc map damtl`g yfgpfg pfg aokgdplugt Xae pfg tgv zwdfbtlmi cby^ lt

gbdfg`# owp ylcc p| pa caah bp tadlgp|)t ulgyt am zatplpwplam bm` yfbp geegdp lp fbt

am pfatg yfa ea ublawt gbtamt fbug map tpazzg` tgcclmi tgv-

Bdp lm b tlpwbplam yfgg pfg ultlocg . bm` wmdampaccg` . tgv nbhgp fb` ogdang b

zwocld damdgm- Lp lt zattloc| tzgdwcbplug# owp nbm| ogclgug pfbp pfg olcc fb` fb`c|

oggm nb`g le lp fb` map oggm ea iaylmi# ultlocg eaglim zatplpwpgt am pfg tpggpt ae

Atca# Ogigm bm` Tpbubmig- Zgugmplam ae pbeeldhlmi bm` g`wdplam ae pfg nbhgp

ybt pfggeag lnzapbmp iabct- Ta yfgm pfg cby ybt lmpa`wdg`# lmpgmtlelg` zacldg

yah ylpf bcc pfg cbyt yg fbug am pfg elgc` ae zatplpwplam- Tgugbc cbig dlplgt fb`

pfgl aym cby gmeadgngmp iawzt pa pflt gm`- TPAZ iawz bm` Atca zacldg yawc`

pbhg pfg kao lm pfg dbzlpbc-

Lm pfg `gobpg ogeag pfg cby ybt zbttg`# pfgg ybt bcta bm wm`gtpbm`lmi pfbp pfg

tgcclmi yawc` og b nag `leeldwcp tlpwbplam- Pfg zatplpwpg yawc` og ilugm ogppg

azzapwmlplgt pa elm` apfg azplamt- Fgg pfg tpbpg pa damplowpg namg| bm` pfg

damdgzp ae tgugbmdg zbdhbigt ygg egrwgmpc| wtg`- &---,

Yg dbm dameln pfbp pfgg lt cgibc dampac pfbp tgpt pfg bigm`b . pfg cby fbt bm

g`wdbplambc nlttlam . lm lp lt bcta nabc bm` ubcwg.obtg` kwìngmpt; pfg /zbpgmbcltpld

gm`glmi/ ae pfg cby . yg hmay ogtp fay |aw tfawc` clug bm` yfbp lt ogtp ea |aw .

GVLP bzzcldbplamt bg zgegg` aug fbn g`wdplam . Lmdgbtg` ̀ ltdlzclmg ae tadlbc

yahgt . ta pfbp pfg yangm tfawc` og fgczg`# nwtp og grwlg` pa cgbugzatplpwplam-



Bcc pflt cgb`t pa ewpfg nbilmbcltbplam pfg tgv owtlmgtt bm` pfbp tplinb lt

glmeadg`- Lm pflt tgmtg yg dbm tb| pfbp lmdgbtlmi kw`ldlbcltbplam fb` fb` wm`gtlg`

geegdpt- Lp lt ma gvbiigbplam pa dcbln pfbp yg yangm eggc bobmàmg` o| tadlgp| nag

pfbm gug ogeag- &---,

Pfg lmpa`wdplam ae pfg tgv.zwdfbtg cby fbt cgep b cgilplnltg`# bp aw `ltdgplam#

aotacgpg bm` gbdplamb| ulgyt am yfan pfg zatplpwpg lt- Aug pfg cbtp pflp| |gbt#

tadlgp|)t ulgy ae pfg zatplpwpg ecwdpwbpg` ean tgglmi fg bt b gzgtgmpbplug ae

lnnabclp|# ma amg dawc` dam`gnm# tgglmi fg bt b uldpln yfa ybt gmplpcg` pa

t|nzbpf| bm` may tfg lt biblm dam`gnmg` bm` fwmpg`- Lp lt b tb` `gugcazngmp-

Tplinb bm` gvdcwtlam fbt biblm ogdang cgilplnbpg- Tfg catgt bcc flt fwnbm pblpt#

pfgl `limlp|# pfgl lifp pa nbhg pfgl aym dfaldgt# bdda`lmi pa pfgl fwnbmlp|- Tfg

ogdangt amc| pfg tgdam` . map clhg wt- Tfg ogdangt FA_B- Pflt cby fbt glmeadg`

bm` bdpwbcltg` `wbcltn lm FA_B BM@ NB@AMMB `ldfapan|- Pflt lt bmbdfamltpld

bm` tb` ea b na`gm tadlgp| obtg` am fwnbmlpblbm ubcwgt- Pfg cby nbhgtbotacwpgc| ma pflmit ylpf pfg dbwtgt ae zatplpwplam . pfg amc| gmaubplmi ae pfg

tpggpt- /

0-?- Tyg`ltf cby

Bepg pfg Tyg`ltf Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg 5 © 2? zbbibzf 2# bm|amg yfa# zanapgt a

lnzazgc| elmbmdlbcc| gvzcalpt pfg ebdp pfbp# b zgtam fbt tgvwbc zanltdwlp| ea

damtl`gbplam ea dazwcbplam# ylcc og zwmltfg` ylpf lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt-

Zanaplmi pfg zatplpwplam gvbnzcg ̀ amg o| gmplmi zgnltgt ea zatplpwplam a pazaul`g lmeanbplam boawp zratplpwpgt“ b``gttgt# de- zaz- ?::0!:7; 07 zbig 2:6 bcta

zt|dfacaildbc lnzbdp ae bmapfg# yfggo| pfg zgtam ̀ gdl`gt pa zatplpwpg pfgntgcugt

a damplmwg pa zatplpwpg pfgntgcugt# dbm og pfg zanaplam ae pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt-

Zanaplmi pfg zatplpwplam lmdcw`gt bùgpltlmi# lmdcw`lmi fatplmi b ygotlpg am pfg

lmpgmgp yfgg pfg bùgpltgngmp ae zatplpwplam# de- TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 2<7-

Le b zgtam yfa fbt gmpg` bm bzbpngmp# igp pa hmay pfg bzbpngmp bg zlnblc| wtg`

ea dbtwbc tgvwbc gcbplamt lm gpwm ea zb|ngmp# bm` à yfbp dbm gbtamboc| og

gvzgdpg` pa olmi pfg cgbtg pa bm gm`# pfg zgtam lt `ggng` pa fbug zanapg` bm|

ewpfg wtg ae pflt azzapwmlp| pa dbtwbc tgvwbc gcbplamt lm gpwm ea zb|ngmp# de-

dfbzpg 5# © 2? zbbibzf ?-

Pfg zgmbcp| ea awif dazwcbplam lt lnzltamngmp ean ? |gbt pa 6 |gbt# tgg Dfbzpg

5# © 2? zbbibzf 4- O| bttgttlmi yfgpfg pfg dlng lt iatt# tzgdlbc bppgmplam tfbcc og

bt pa yfgpfg pfg dlng fbt daugg` owtlmgtt pa b igbpg gvpgmp# gtwcpg` lm tlimleldbmp

iblmt a lnzclg` wpfcgtt gvzcalpbplam ae bmapfg-

Bepg pfg Tyg`ltf Zgmbc Da`g dfbzpg 5 © 22 lnzatg` am bm|amg yfa aopblmt b dbtwbc

tgvwbc gcbplam ea damtl`gbplam ea pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt pa b elmg a

lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2 |gb-



Bepg pfg Tyg`ltf Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg 5 © < lnzatg` am bm|amg yfa nbmbigt b zgtam

wm`g 26 |gbt biblmtp zb|ngmp pa nbhg a pacgbpg b tgvwbc bdp# ea pfg zwdfbtg ae

tgvwbc bdp ae b dflc` o| b elmg a lnzltamngmp ea wz pa ? |gbt-

Pfg Tyg`ltf obm am zb|lmi ea tgv dbng lmpa eadg am 2 Kbmwb| 2<<<- Pfg Tyg`ltf

iaugmngmp tgp wz lm ?::6 b dannlppgg pa lmugtplibpg fay pfg obm fb` yahg` lm

zbdpldg bm` yfbp lnzbdp pfg obm fb` am pfg lmdl`gmdg ae zatplpwplam bm` pbeeldhlmi lm

Tyg`gm- Bdda`lmi pa pfg nbm`bpg# pfg dannlppgg ybt obtg` am gdaimlplam pfbp lp

tfawc` gnblm b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pa zb| ea tgv-

Pfg dannlttlam zwocltfg` lm ?:2: pfg cgiltcbplam am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt &TAW

?:2:;0<,# ylpflm lt ylppgm pfg eaccaylmi &zbig 24.?0,;

/Pfg 2 Kbmwb| 2<<<# ogdbng Tyg`gm pfg eltp dawmp| lm pfg yac`# pa lmpa`wdg b

cby yfldf dlnlmbcltg` pfg zwdfbtg# owp map pfg tbcg# ae tgvwbc tguldgt- &---,

Pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt ybt lmpa`wdg` ogdbwtg lp ybt damtl`gg` b

tpbpg lmpggtp pa danobp zatplpwplam- Dlnlmbcltbplam ybt wmclhg zgulawt ngbtwgt

bm` bdplamt ̀ lgdpg` payb` ̀ gnbm` ae tgvwbc tguldgt# lg- biblmtp tgv ow|gt bm`

zatzgdplug ow|gt ae tgv- Ylpf pfg twzzap ae pfg obm yawc` og zatplpwplam bm` lpt

fbn pa og danobpg` nag geegdplugc| pfbm pfg zgulawt ngbtwgt biblmtp

zatplpwplam ygg bccayg -̀ Lp ybt biwg` lm cgiltcbplug nbppg pfbp lm bm grwbc tadlgp|

lt wmyapf| bm` wmbddgzpbocg ea ngm pa bdrwlg dbtwbc tgvwbc gcbplamt ylpf yangm

ea damtl`gbplam bm` pa Tyg`gm o| lmpa`wdlmi b obm am ow|lmi tgv bcta nb`g bm

lnzapbmp tlimbc pa apfg dawmplgt pa tfay aw bpplpw`g pa tgv bm` zatplpwplam- Lp ybt zalmpg` awp pfbp zatplpwplam dbwtgt tglawt `bnbig oapf pa pfg lm`lul`wbc bm`

pa tadlgp|- Pfg dlnlmbcltbplam b`azpg` dawc` fbug b ̀ gpggmp geegdp am zatzgdplug

zwdfbtgt ae tgv bm` og bocg pa g`wdg pfg lmpggtp ean `leeggmp iawzt a

lm`lul`wbct boab` pa gtpbocltf b nag gvpgmtlug aibmltg` zatplpwplam lm Tyg`gm#

yfldf yawc` fbug bm lmflolplmi geegdp am pfg zgubcgmdg ae zatplpwplam-

Pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt fbt may oggm lm eadg ea pgm |gbt- Pfgg

fbug oggm `leeggmp azlmlamt boawp pfg lnzbdp ae dlnlmbcltbplam fbug gdglug`- &---,

Pfg zazatbc pa dlnlmbcltg pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv ybt lmdcw`g` bt zbp ae pfgiaugmngmp)t olcc ae Yangm &Iaugmngmp Olcc 2<<9!<6; 77,- Lm pfg Yangm)t Olcc

zazatg` b ublgp| ae ngbtwgt lm `leeggmp tgdpat ae tadlgp| pa danobp ulacgmdg

biblmtp yangm# zatplpwplam bm` tgvwbc fbbttngmp lm pfg yahzcbdg- Bm lttwg ae

Yangm)t Olcc ybt dcatgc| gcbpg` pa pfg ulacgmdg biblmtp yangm bm` igm`g

lmgrwbclp| ybt pfg lttwg ae ngm yfa ow| tgv# natp aepgm o| yangm# pfbp lt b egnbcg

zatplpwpg-

Pfg hg| lmtlifp lm zatplpwplam lttwg zgtgmpg` o| Yangm)t Olcc ybt pfbp bppgmplam

nwtp og zbl` pa pfg ow|gt- Lp ybt boawp b tflep lm zgtzgdplug pfbp dbm og twnng` wz

lm b nbppg ae dawtg- Le pfgg ybt ma `gnbm` pfgg yawc` map og bm| zatplpwplam-



Pfg iaugmngmp zgtgmpg` 2: Kwc| ?::6 bm bdplam zcbm biblmtp zatplpwplam bm`

pbeeldhlmi ea tgvwbc zwzatgt &Dann- ?::9!:6; 259,- Pfg bdplam nbht pfg

iaugmngmp glpgbpg` pfbp zatplpwplam bm` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lt wmbddgzpbocg lm aw

tadlgp| bm` pfg mgg` ea danzgfgmtlug bdplam pa pbdhcg pfgn- Pfg Bdplam Zcbm bcta

gdaimltgt pfg wm`gc|lmi dbwtgt pfbp zgazcg lm zatplpwplam ub|# owp lp zlnblc|nblmpblmt oapf pbeeldhlmi bt zatplpwplam lt ̀ gnbm`# lg- pfbp zgazcg# gtzgdlbcc| ngm#

ow| tgv- Pbeeldhlmi beegdpt zlnblc| |awmi yangm bm` ilct- Pfg gvbdp gvpgmp ae

fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lm pfg yac` lt map hmaym bt `bh eliwgt bg flif# owp lp lt yl`gc|

gdaimltg` pfbp fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lt amg ae pfg natp cwdbplug eant ae lmpgmbplambc

aibmltg` dlng-

Pfwt# pfgg lt b dcgb dagcbplam ogpyggm pfg zgtgmdg ae zatplpwplam bm` pbeeldhlmi

ea tgvwbc zwzatgt-

Pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt fbt tlmdg pfg dgbplam dbwtg` `gobpg oapf lmTyg`gm bm` Lmpgmbplambcc|- Pfg aeeldlbc bpplpw`g payb` gugm lm Tyg`gm pfgg lt tplcc

bm am.ialmi `ltdwttlam lm ulgy ae zatplpwplam- @gegm`gt ae zatplpwplam ngbm pfbp

amg dbm nbhg pfg `leeggmdg ogpyggm uacwmpb| bm` mam.uacwmpb| zatplpwplam# pfbp

b`wcpt tfawc` fbug pfg lifp pa eggc| tgcc bm` ow| tgv bm` pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae

tgvwbc tguldgt lt bm bmbdfamltpld tgvwbc nabc zatlplam- Obtg` am b igm`g bm`

fwnbm lifpt zgtzgdplug bm` eadwt naug` ean pfg twzzc|# lg- pfatg gvzcalpg` lm

zatplpwplam# pa ̀ gnbm`# lg- pbeeldhgt# dawzcgt bm` tgv ow|gt# pfg `lultlam ogpyggm

uacwmpb| bm` lmuacwmpb| zatplpwplam lt lgcgubmp- &---,

Lp fbt zaugm pa og b `leeldwcp pbth pa gubcwbpg pfg geegdpt ae pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae

tgvwbc tguldgt- Zatplpwplam bm` tgv pbeeldhlmi bg danzcgv bm` nwcplebdgpg` tadlbc

zfgmangmam pfbp zbpc| pbhgt zcbdg lm tgdgp- Pfg lmdgbtg` lmpgmbplambcltbplam bm`

pfg Lmpgmgp bt b mgy bgmb ea zatplpwplam bcta nbhg lp `leeldwcp pa zg`ldp pfg

tzgb`- Bcpfawif pfgg bg b cbig mwnog ae gzapt# bpldcgt bm` gttb|t ̀ gbclmi ylpf

pfgtg zfgmangmb bg hmaym boawp pfg gvpgmp ae zatplpwplam bm` pbeeldhlmi ea

tgvwbc zwzatgt# pfggeag# clnlpg`- Pflt lt gtzgdlbcc| pwg hmaycgìg ae pfatg

yahlmi bt zatplpwpgt lm apfg bgmbt pfbm lm pfg tpggp bm` am pfg Lmpgmgp bt ygcc

bt pfg hmaycgìg ae pfg gvltpgmdg ae zatplpwplam awptl`g ngpazaclpbm bgbt-

Pb`lplambcc|# ylpf zatplpwplam nblmc| lmpgm`g` ea fgpgatgvwbc zatplpwplam ylpf

yangm zaul`lmi pfg tgvwbc tguldg bm` ngm bt ow|gt ae lp- Pfg bdplulplgt dblg`

awp bm` pfg hmaycgìg pfbp pfgg lt bcta obtg` cbigc| ean pflt dannam ultlam- Yg

hmay# pfggeag# map ta nwdf boawp ngm zaul`lmi tgvwbc tguldgt bm` pfg |awpf

yfa bg gvzcalpg` lm zatplpwplam- Ylpf gib` pa pfg ow|gt ae tgvwbc tguldgt#

`gtzlpg pfg gvzgttg` zaclpldbc ylcc dfbmig eadwt# ylcc gnblm tplcc rwlpg wmtggm-

Pfg gnzlldbc tpw`lgt dblg` awp fbug oggm# lm tang dbtgt# oggm clnlpg`# bm` pfgg

bg ̀ leeggmp bzzabdfgt# ngpfa`t bm` zwzatgt- Bnami apfg pflmit# biblmtp pflt

obdhiawm`# pfgg nb| og gbtam pa lmpgzgp pfg gtwcpt ylpf dbwplam-



Ylpf pfgtg gtgubplamt nb`g# yg ogclgug# faygug# pfbp lp lt mgugpfgcgtt zattlocg pa

`by damdcwtlamt ean pfg nbpglbc yg fb` bddgtt pa bm` pfg gtwcpt yg zgtgmp ean

pflt obtlt lt# lm aw azlmlam bt dcgb b zldpwg bt lp lt may zattlocg pa bdflgug-

Tpggp zatplpwplam fbt oggm g`wdg` pa pfg fbce

Lm pfg dbtg ae tpggp zatplpwplam lt damtl`gg` pfg `bpb bublcbocg am pfg gvpgmp bm`

`ltplowplam ae `gtdlolmi gbclp|- Tlmdg pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt ybt

lmpa`wdg`# tpggp zatplpwplam lm Tyg`gm fbt fbcug`- Pflt g`wdplam nb| og

damtl`gg` bt b `lgdp gtwcp ae pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwplam-

Lm danzbltam# yg fbug tggm pfbp pfgg ybt boawp bt nwdf tpggp zatplpwplam lm pfg

pfgg dbzlpbct ae @gmnbh# Mayb| bm` Tyg`gm ogeag pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc

tguldgt ybt lmpa`wdg` fgg# owp pfgg lt pfgm b cbig lmdgbtg lm pfg mwnog ae

yangm lm tpggp zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh bm` Mayb|- Pfg dfbbdpgt lm tpggp

zatplpwplam ygg gtplnbpg` lm ?::6 pa og pfgg plngt bt nbm| lm oapf @gmnbh bm`

Mayb| bm` Tyg`gm- Ilugm pfg igbp tlnlcblp| lm nbm| gtzgdpt ogpyggm pfgtg pfgg

dawmplgt# gdamanldbcc| bm` tadlbcc|# lp lt gbtambocg pa bttwng pfbp pfg g`wdplam lm

tpggp zatplpwplam lm Tyg`gm lt b `lgdp damtgrwgmdg ae dlnlmbcltbplam- &---,

Pfg mwnog ae eaglim yangm lm tpggp zatplpwplam fbt lmdgbtg` lm bcc Ma`ld

dawmplgt# lmdcw`lmi Tyg`gm- B danzbltam dbm og mapg` pfbp pfg tfbz lmdgbtg lm

pfg mwnog ae eaglim yangm lm tpggp zatplpwplam gzapg` ean oapf @gmnbh bm`

Mayb| wmzbbccgcg` lm Tyg`gm-

Lmpgmgp . b mgy bgmb

Zatplpwplam yfgg pfg lmlplbc dampbdp lt nb`g ulb pfg Lmpgmgp lt bm lnzapbmp bm`

iaylmi zatplpwplam bgmb lm gdgmp |gbt oggm lmdgbtlmic| gdaimltg`- Danzbg`

pa tpggp zatplpwplam# pfg tdazg ae pfg Lmpgmgp Zatplpwplam ̀ leeldwcp pa ugle| bm`

bttgtt# owp pfg hmaycg`ig ae pflt ean ae zatplpwplam lt ib`wbcc| lmdgbtlmi-

Lmpgmgp Zatplpwplam lm pfg zbtp elug |gbt fbt lmdgbtg` lm Tyg`gm bm` @gmnbh bm`

Mayb|- Pfg gvpgmp ae pflt ean ae zatplpwplam# faygug# lt cbig lm aw

mglifoawlmi dawmplgt# bm` pfgg lt mapflmi pa twiigtp pfbp lp yawc` fbug oggm b

igbpg lmdgbtg lm zatplpwplam am pfg Lmpgmgp lm Tyg`gm pfbm lm pfgtg danzbbocg

dawmplgt- Pflt biwgt biblmtp pfg obm yawc` fbug cg` pa tpggp zatplpwplam lm

Tyg`gm fbt dfbmig` ugmwg pa pfg Lmpgmgp- Biblmtp pflt obdhiawm` lp tfawc` og

zattlocg pa damdcw`g pfbp pfg fbculmi ae tpggp zatplpwplam pfbp paah zcbdg lm Tyg`gm

gzgtgmp b gbc g`wdplam lm zatplpwplam fgg bm` pfbp pflt `gdgbtg bcta nblmc| bm

geegdp ae dlnlmbcltbplam ae ow|lmi tgv-

Lm zbpldwcb ea |awmi zgazcg lm zatplpwplam Lmpgmgp zcb|t bm lnzapbmp acg- Pfg

\awpf Oab` damdcw`gt pfbp pfg nbkalp| ae |awmi zgazcg yfa tgvwbcc| gvzcalpg`

biblmtp zb|ngmp# nb`g dampbdp ylpf ow|gt ulb pfg Lmpgmgp- Pflt damdcwtlam lttwzzapg` o| gtwcpt ean apfg twug|t dam`wdpg` am |awmi zgazcg gvzglgmdg lm



tgcclmi tgvwbc tguldgt- Pfg gvzatwgt ae |awmi zgazcg am pfg Lmpgmgp fbug oggm

`gugcazg` gib c̀gtt ae pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt- Pfg ltht ae tgvwbc

gvzcalpbplam bm` bowtg pfbp pflt gvzatwg lt# faygug# lmdgbtgt pfg mgg` pa zapgdp

|awmi zgazcg ean gm`lmi wz lm zatplpwplam-

Ma lmdgbtg lm zatplpwplam augbcc lm Tyg`gm

Mapflmi twiigtpt pfbp pfg gvpgmp ae twdf lmàa zatplpwplam bg map nbhgpg`

pfawif bùgpltgngmpt lm mgytzbzgt bm` am pfg Lmpgmgp# twdf bt zatplpwplam lm

nbttbig zbcawt# tgv dcwot bm` fapgct bt ygcc bt gtpbwbmpt bm` mlifpcleg tgpplmit

yawc` fbug lmdgbtg` lm gdgmp |gbt- Ma lt pfgg bm| gul`gmdg pa twiigtp pfbp

zatplpwpgt eangc| gvzcalpg` lm pfg tpggp may bublcbocg lm lmàa zatplpwplam-

Zgazcg yahlmi lm pfg elgc` ogclgug pfbp pfgg fbt oggm ma lmdgbtg lm zatplpwplam

tlmdg pfg obm ybt lmpa`wdg -̀ Tlmdg zatplpwplam p|zldbcc| gc| am pa gvzatlmi amgtgce

pa igp lm pawdf ylpf dwtpangt# lp lt wmclhgc| pfbp pfgg yawc` og ma nbka

zatplpwplam pfbp lt danzcgpgc| wmhmaym-

Pfg augbcc zldpwg yg fbug `gugcazg` lt pfbp# yflcg lm pfg zbtp 2: |gbt pfgg fbt

oggm bm lmdgbtg lm zatplpwplam lm mglifoawlmi Ma`ld dawmplgt# bt eb bt yg hmay#

zatplpwplam fbt map lmdgbtg` lm Tyg`gm- Lp nb| og tgugbc gvzcbmbplamt ea pflt# owp

ilugm pfg igbp tlnlcblplgt lm apfg gtzgdpt pfgg lt ogpyggm pfg Ma`ld dawmplgt# lp

lt gbtambocg pa bttwng pfbp zatplpwplam fbt lmdgbtg` lm Tyg`gm# le yg fb` map fb`

b obm am pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt- Dlnlmbcltbplam fbt pfwt fgczg` pa danobp

zatplpwplam-

Pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt fbt aeetgp pfg gtpbocltfngmp ae aibmltg`

dlng

Fwnbm pbeeldhlmi ea tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam lt b iaylmi ean ae tglawt gdamanld

dlng lm nbm| zbpt ae pfg yac`- Bcpfawif lp lt `leeldwcp pa bttgtt pfg gvbdp gvpgmp ae

tgv pbeeldhlmi lm Tyg`gm damtl`gg` pfg gtpbocltfngmp ae pflt p|zg ae dlng fbug

nwdf cgtt fgg pfbm lm apfg danzbbocg dawmplgt- Bdda l̀mi pa pfg Mbplambc Zacldg#

lp lt dcgb pfbp pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt bdpt bt b oblg pa fwnbm

pbeeldhgt bm` pfg dawzcgt pfbp bg damtl`glmi gtpbocltflmi pfgntgcugt lm Tyg`gm-

Lmdgbtg` twzzap ea pfg obm bnami pfg zwocld

Pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt ybt lmpgm`g` pa nbh pfg tadlgp|)t bpplpw`g

pfbp zatplpwplam lt map b `gtlbocg zfgmangmam- Lm pfg dbtg ae pfg Tyg`ltf zgazcg)t

bpplpw`gt pa tgv zwdfbtlmi# twug|t tfayt oapf ogeag bm` bepg pfg lmpa`wdplam ae

pfg dlnlmbcltbplam# pfgg fbt oggm b dfbmig ae bpplpw`g payb`t pfg zwdfbtg ae

tgvwbc tguldgt lm plng dalmdl`gt ylpf pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwplam- Pfg

bzzbgmp dfbmig lm bpplpw`g pfbp fbt addwg` fgg . bm` pfbp fbt ma dawmpgzbp lm

@gmnbh bm` Mayb| . fbug lmpgzgpg` pa ngbm pfbp pfg obm lptgce fbt fb` btlimleldbmp geegdp yfldf# ilugm pfbp twzzap ea dlnlmbcltbplam lt flifgtp bnami pfg



|awmi zgazcg- Lm bcc pfgg twug|t dam`wdpg` bepg pfg obm ybt lmpa`wdg`# nag pfbm

9: zg dgmp ae gtzam`gmpt ygg lm ebuaw ae pfg obm-

Fbt pfg obm fb` bm| geegdp am zgazcg lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam1

Yfgm pfg obm am pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt ybt lmpa`wdg` ublawt damdgmtygg gvzgttg`# lmdcw`lmi pfbp pfg dlnlmbcltbplam yawc` lth ̀ lulmi zatplpwplam

wm`giawm #̀ yfldf yawc` nbhg lp nag ̀ leeldwcp pa gbdf pfatg pbigpg` o| tadlbc

bdplam bm` pfbp pfg obm yawc` gtwcp lm lmdgbtg` lth ae zf|tldbc bowtg bm` igmgbc

`gpglabplam ae clulmi dam`lplamt ea zatplpwpgt- Bt eb bt yg dbm kw`ig ean pfg

ylppgm nbpglbc bm` pfg dampbdpt yg fbug fb` ylpf iaugmngmp aeeldlbct bm` zgazcg

ylpf gvzglgmdg ae zatplpwplam# pfgtg egbt `l` map gbcltg pfgntgcugt-

Zacldg aeeldgt bm` tadlbc yahgt tb| pfbp pfg ow|gt ae tgvwbc tguldgt ogdang nag

dbwplawt bm` pfbp pfg obm nb`g pfbp `gnbm`# bp cgbtp lm tpggp zatplpwplam fbt

`gdgbtg` bt b gtwcp ae dlnlmbcltbplam- Bdda`lmi pa pfg zacldg# ow|gt bg bebl` pa

og gugbcg`# owp pfg| bg nag damdgmg` pfbp pfg zgzgpbpat bg twtzgdpg` pa fbug

dannlppg` pa og hmaym pa ebnlc| bm` elgm`t pfbm ea pfg zwmltfngmp pfg| dawc`

ebdg- Pfg maplam pfbp ow|gt fbug ogdang nag dbwplawt# tfbg` o| tang ae pfg

zatplpwpgt# bm` eang zatplpwpgt yfa bmtygg` pfg dannlttlam)t rwgtplamt# yflcg

apfgt fbug tpbpg` pfbp pfg dlnlmbcltbplam fbt map beegdpg` zwdfbtgt# ogdbwtg ta

egy bg dbwifp bm` pfg zgmbcp| lt ta nlc`-

Bdda`lmi pa tpw`lgt dblg` awp lm Tyg`gm lm pfg zatp.dlnlmbcltbplam# pfg

zazaplam ae ngm yfa tb| pfbp pfg| bp tang zalmp oawifp tgv `gdgbtg` bm` egygngm tggn pa ow| tgv lm Tyg`gm pfbm lm pfg apfg Ma`ld dawmplgt- B mwnog ae

gtzam`gmpt lm b twug| ean ?::6 bcta tpbpg` pfbp pfg obm fb` beegdpg` pfgl

ogfbulaw ta pfg| tpazzg` ow|lmi tgv- Lp lt may gzapg` fbug daccgdplugc|

lmpgzgpg` bt pfg obm fbt b ̀ gpggmp geegdp am zatzgdplug ow|gt ae tgvwbc tguldgt-

Lp lt dcgb# bm` tggnt caildbc# pfbp pfg zgazcg yfa dbng awp ae zatplpwplam bg lm

ebuaw ae dlnlmbcltbplam# yflcg pfatg yfa bg tplcc gvzcalpg` lm zatplpwplam bg

dlpldbc ae pfg obm- Pflt zbppgm lt eawm` lm nbm| `leeggmp gzapt bm` damelng` o|

pfg lmugtplibplam fb` dampbdpt ylpf yangm ylpf gvzglgmdg ae zatplpwplam-

Pfg bzzcldbplam ae pfg zaflolplam 2<<<.?::6

Pfg zacldg fbug tlmdg pfg lmdgzplam ae pfg obm# am nbm| addbtlamt pbigpg` tzgdlbc

bdplamt biblmtp zatplpwplam- Natp ae gdammblttbmdg bm` gtzamtg pa dlngt gcbpg`

pa zatplpwplam fbug oggm dam`wdpg` bm` zgeang` o| pfg ublawt tzgdlbc iawzt

`wlmi zgla`t gvltpg` lm Tpadhfacn# Iapfgmowi bm` Nbcnõ bm` Pfg Mbplambc Zacldg-

Pfg geeapt fbug nblmc| eadwtg` am tpggp zatplpwplam bm` nag aibmltg` eant ae

zatplpwplam lm dammgdplam ylpf zadwlmi a pbeeldhlmi- Zacldg fbug igmgbcc| map

zlalpltg` a fb` pfg gtawdgt pa pbhg bdplam biblmtp pfg tgv pb`g lm apfg eant ae

zatplpwplam-



Tpggp zatplpwplam lt damtl`gg` o| zacldg pa fbug b flif t|noacld ubcwg lm pfg zwocld

g|g bm` pfg tpggp gmulamngmp lt bcta wtg` pa zanapg apfg eant ae zatplpwplam-

Pfg zacldg lmugtplibplam fbt oggm lm dampbdp ylpf pfg kwìgt pfbp bdplam biblmtp tpggp

zatplpwplam fbt bm lnng`lbpg geegdp lm `gpglmi zatzgdplug ow|gt ae tgv# owp pfbp

twdf geeapt bcta fbug b camig pgn geegdp lm `gpglmi bm` hggz pfg mwnog ae apfgzanapgt bm` aibmltgt ae pfg zatplpwplam-

Pfg nbkalp| ae dbtgt# yfgg tangamg zatgdwpg` ea oglmi lm ogbdf ylpf pfg cby#

yfldf daugg` lmulplmi pa tgv ylpf dannam dfbp lm pfg tpggp gmulamngmp- B mgy

zgmbc zaultlam# tgv pbeeldhlmi# gmpgg` lmpa eadg am 2 Kwc| ?::? bm` ean ?::4

amyb`t pfgg fbt oggm b tfbz lmdgbtg lm pfg mwnog ae zatgdwpg` dlngt biblmtp

pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt alilmbplmi lm zadwlmi bm` fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi dbtgt- Pfg tdazg ae pfgtg dbtgt ublgt igbpc| ean |gb pa |gb `gzgm`lmi

am pfg gtawdgt lmugtpg` bm` pfg zlalplgt nblmc| pfg zacldg `l`-

Lp lt dcgb pfbp pfg gmeadgngmp ae pfg obm `gzgm`t cbigc| am pfg zlalplgt pfg zacldg

bg àlmi bm` pfg gtawdgt pfg| fbug bp pfgl `ltzatbc- Bdda`lmi pa oapf zacldg

aeeldgt bm` zatgdwpat bt pfg lmugtplibplam fbt pbchg` pa nbm| nag tgv ow|gt

yawc` og zatgdwpg` ea pflt dlng b zlalp| lm `blc| azgbplamt- Amg gbtam ea map

zlalpltlmi tgv dlng lt dlng cay zgmbcp|- &---,

Aw gulgy ae pfg kwìngmpt bm` zgmbcp| a`gt lttwg` `wlmi pfg zgla` tfayt b

igbp wmleanlp| lm pfg bttgttngmp ae zgmbcp| bm` zgmbcp| dfaldg- Bepg pfg Twzgng

Dawp gvbnlmg` pfg rwgtplam ae tgmpgmdlmi ea zwdfbtlmi tgv# |gb ?::2 &MKB ?::2

z 7?9,# nag pfbm 67 zg dgmp ae bcc zatgdwplamt ea b tlmicg tgv cg` pa 7: TGH

zgmbcp| elmgt- &---,

Pfg zatgdwpa lmugtplibplam fbug tzahgm ylpf fbug lm`ldbpg` pfbp pfg| dwgmpc| à

map tgg bm| bzzcldbplam zaocgnt `lgdpc| clmhg` pa pfg zgmbc zaultlam- Ow|lmi tgv

aeegmtgt damtl`gg` manbcc| og gbt| pa lmugtplibpg bm` gcbplugc| tpblifpeayb` pa

`gbc ylpf- &---,

Pfg bnoliwlplgt lm pfg bzzcldbplam pfbp tplcc gvltp bg boawp pfatg yfa wtg` pa og

damtl`gg` b ylpmgtt a uldpln lm pfg dawp zadgtt bm` gvzglngmpbc zalmp ae pfg

aeegmtg- Lp lt damtl`gg` `leeldwcp pa zaug dlnlmbc plbc# yfldf fbt ngbmp pfbp pfg

zacldg lm dammgdplam ylpf tacldlplmi `gclogbpgc| yblp pa bdp wmplc pfg tgvwbc bdp fbt

ogiwm# bm` pfggeag pfg aeegmtg fbt oggm danzcgpg`-

Aw gubcwbplam tfayt pfbp pfg obm am zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt fbt fb` pfg

lmpgm`g` geegdp bm` lt bm lnzapbmp lmtpwngmp lm zgugmplmi bm` danobplmi

zatplpwplam- /

Ylpflm pfg 2:.|gb.ac` zgla` 2<<<.?::6 lm Tyg`gm# pfgg ygg 55: dbtgt ae pfg obm

am tgv zwdfbtlmi &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig ?:?.?:5,- Fggae 9 dbtgt ygg ̀ azzg`# 450 olcct

ea elmgt bm` ?6< damuldplamt bm` lm 6:' ae pfgtg dbtgt pfg bddwtg` zcgb`g` iwlcp|- Pfg



dawp dbtgt lmuacug` 506 zgazcg# 2? zgazcg ygg damuldpg` pyldg- Ewpfgnag tang ae

pfg dawp dbtgt lmdcw`g` tgugbc plngt ae dannlpplmi pfg dlng ae zwdfbtlmi tgv# pfwt

pfbp pfg dbtgt lmuacug` bp cgbtp 674 dbtgt- 0:' ae pfg `gdltlamt lmuacug` pfg pb`g a

dazwcbplam &TAW ?:2:;0< zbigt ?:9.?:6,- Eb pfg igbpg mwnog ae pfg ̀ gdltlamt

lmuacug` tpggp zatplpwplam lm Tpadhfacn &zbpldwcbc| am Nbcnthlccmb`tibpbm,#Iapfgmowi &zbpldwcbc| am _atgmcwm`tibpbm, bm` Nbcna &zbpldwcbc| am

Lm`wtprlibpbm,- Lp“t lm Tyg`gm ogdang /mapldgbocg/ &gnbhbocg,# pfbp azgm pb`g ae tgv

lt oglmit `amg# yfgm amg fbug b cby# yfldf eaol`t pfg zwdfbtlmi ae tgv &TAW ?:2:;0<

zbig ?29,-

Pfg zgmbcp| ea oglmi lm ogbdf ae pfg obm lt b tgp `b| elmgt ae 7: TGH# bm` ea ?

zgmbcplgt pfg zwmltfngmp lt aepgm b elmg ae 9: TGH-# dam`lplambc lnzltamngmp bm` b elmg

le |aw ygg zatgdwpg` 7 plngt# yfgg ae amg ae pfg lmdl`gmdgt# pfg zatgdwpg` hmgy

pfbp pfg zatplpwpg ybt b uldpln ae fwnbm pb`g &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig ?2:.24,- B `b| elmg

lt tgp ogpyggm 7: bm` 2::: TGH- Pbhlmi pfg bddwtg` lmdang bm` eapwmg# nblmpgmbmdg`wplgt bm` apfg gdamanld dldwntpbmdgt apfgyltg &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig ?20,- Lm pfg

dbtgt ae tgv zwdfbtlmi pfg elmg fbug oggm bm bugbig bawm` 256 TGH# bm` ng`lbm elmg

ae 27: TGH- Pfg natp dannam elmgt fbug oggm 7:# 2:: bm` ?:: TGH &Bm` 4: TGH ogeag

ea Adpaog 2# ?::5# yfgg pfg nlmlnwn bnawmp ybt bltg` ean 4: pa 7: TGH,-

0-4- Elmmltf cby

Lm Elmcbm` zwdfbtlmi bm` tgcclmi tgv lm b zwocld zcbdg ylcc og zwmltfg` ylpf b elmg ae 7:

gwat &zgmbc da`g © 25# tph- 2# ma- 7,- Pflt wcg ygmp lmpa eadg ?::4 bm` fbug tlmdg

gtwcpg` lm tpggp zatplpwplam fbug `ltbzzgbg` ean pfg tpggpt-

Zwdfbtlmi tgv ean b zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt lt zwmltfbocg ylpf b elmg a lnzltamngmp

wz pa ? |gbt &zgmbc da`g dfbzpg ?: © 6 b,-

Pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv ean b zgtam# yfa lt b uldpln ae dazwcbplmi a fwnbm pb`g# lt

zgmbcltg` ylpf b elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa tlv nampft o| pfg fac`g &zgmbc da`g

Dfbzpg ?: © 6,- Pfg gbtam ea zgmbcp| `gdltlam lt ylppgm ylpflm lm pfg Elmmltf kwtpldg

nlmltpg pfg ?0- Nb| ?::9 ae b rwgtplam ean b ngnog ae pfg Elmmltf damigtt;

/XRwgtplam;^

Lm yfbp yb|# pfg Iaugmngmp fay pfg Tyg`ltf bm` Maygilbm cgiltcbplam am pfg

zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt beegdp pfg tlpwbplam lm Elmcbm` bm` pfg Iaugmngmp

lmpgm`t pa bngm` pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g ta pfbp pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt lt

dlnlmbcltg` lm b cbig gvpgmp pfbm pa`b|1

XBmtyg;^

Pfg 2tp Adpaog ?::5 gmpgg` pfg bngm`g` © 6 ae Dfbzpg ?:- Zgmbc Da`g &4<!266<,

gmpgg` lmpa eadg- Pfg tgdplam dlnlmbcltgt gvzcalpbplam ae b zgtam yfa lt pfgtwokgdp ae tgv pbeeldhlmi- Yfagug o| zanltlmi a ilulmi bm bccaybmdg pfbp



gzgtgmpt b `lgdp gdamanld ubcwg nb| og tangamg yfa lt pfg twokgdp ae bm aeegmtg

gegg` pa lm < a < b © a lm Dfbzpg ?7- 4 a 4 b © pa fbug lmpgdawtg a wm`gpbhg b

danzbbocg tgvwbc bdp# bdda`lmi pa twotgdplam 2 twotgdplam tgmpgmdg` ea pfg tbl`

aeegmtg lt b elmg a lnzltamngmp map gvdgg`lmi tlv nampft- Pfg tgdplamt gegg` pa

lm pfg tgdplam ea zlnzlmi# biibubpg` zlnzlmi# pbeeldhlmi bm` biibubpg` fwnbmpbeeldhlmi- &---,

Pfg Iaugmngmp zazatg` lm pfg olcc pfbp ybt twonlppg` am ??m` @gdgnog ?::7 &_Z

??2!?::7 `, b igmgbc dlnlmbcltbplam ae pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt yawc`

bzzc| pa bcc zwdfbtlmi tlpwbplamt- Bt bcyb|t yfgm b mgy zgmbc zaultlam gmbdpg`

ybt bcta pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt fb` pa yglif pfg

gvzgdpg` ogmgelpt bm` ̀ ltb`ubmpbigt ae b dlnlmbc aeegmtg biblmtp amg bmapfg- Pfg

rwgtplam ̀ gbcp ylpf pfaawifc|# ogdbwtg b cbig mwnog ae gvzgpt lmdcw`lmi cby

dannlppgg fgb`- Lm Tyg`gm# fb` egbg` pfbp pfg zaultlam gzgtgmpg` lp lm pfg

iaugmngmp)t olcc zazatg` zgmbc zaultlam yawc` bcta fbug mgibplug geegdpt twdf tapfbp pfg lmugtplibplam ae zlnzlmi bm` zatplpwplam dlnlmbct ylcc ia wm`giawm -̀

Bp pfg zbclbngmpb| `ltdwttlam b``gttg` pfg tpamigtp dlpldltn ae pfg zgmbc

zaultlam ybt zazatg` pa daug bcc zwdfbtlmi tlpwbplamt bm` pfwt ybt wmdcgb-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg dlnlmbc cby zlmdlzcg ae cgibclp| pa dlnlmbc bdpt# pa og zgdltg bm`

dbgewcc| ̀ gelmg`- Bcta# pfg Damtplpwplambc Cby Dannlppgg ̀ gy bppgmplam pa pfg

zaocgnt lm pflt gib` lm lpt tpbpgngmp am pfg zazatbc &IWW29!?::5 `,-

Pfg igmgbc zgmbcp| zaultlam lm pfg olcc ybt wm`g pfg damtplpwplambc dannlppgg)t

ulgy8 bcta b zaocgn ylpf gib` pa pfg tgppcgngmp ae zazaplambclp| bm` ̀ adwngmpt

lt fb`c| gzgfgmtlocg- Cgibc Beeblt Dannlppgg bthg` pfg Damtplpwplambc Cby

Dannlppgg)t gzap am pfg zazatbc lm pfg Olcc bm` bcta am bm bcpgmbplug eanwcbplam

ae pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt nwtp og gcbpg` pa zadwlmi a pbeeldhlmi ea b

dlnlmbc aeegmtg- Bdda`lmi pa pfg Damtplpwplambc Dannlppgg ybt pfg bcpgmbplug

zaultlam dcgbc| nag clnlpg` bm` tbplte| pfg zazaplambclp| grwlgngmp ogppg

pfbm pfg iaugmngmp)t zazatbc# bt lp amc| bzzclg` lgewpbocg gzgfgmtlocg bdpt lm

dammgdplam ylpf pfgtg dlngt-

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twokgdp ae tgv pbeeldhlmi- Bcgb`| lm pfg lmpgln gzap ae pfg yahlmi iawz pfbp pfg

Nlmltp| ae Kwtpldg zgulawtc| bzzalmpg` pa zgzbg lp &pfg Nlmltp| ae Kwtpldg yahlmi

iawz gzap ?::4;7, twiigtpg` b nlmalp| b zgmbcp| zaultlam pfbp lt oawm` pa

zlnzlmi bm` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi- Lp lt b rwgtplam ae b zgmbcp| zaultlam pfbp zgtamt

yfa gmibig lm zlnzlmi bm` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi bg eadg` pa pbhg lmpa bddawmp yfgm

damtl`glmi azgbplamt lm Elmcbm`- Pfg zwzatg ae pfg zaultlam lt gvzgttc|

ygbhgmlmi azgbplmi gmulamngmp ea pflt p|zg ae tglawt dlng- Pfg wcg nb| bcta

beegdp bpplpw`gt payb`t pfg zwdfbtg ae tgvwbc tguldgt nag yl`gc| ta pfbp pfg



`gnbm` ea pfgtg tguldgt lm apfg tlpwbplamt pfbm yfgm pfg tgccg lt b uldpln ae

pbeeldhlmi a ae zadwlmi-

Lp tfawc` bcta og tpgttg` pfbp dlnlmbcltbplam lt b ngbmt pa zanapg pfg aokgdplugt

ngmplamg` lm pfg ylppgm pfg rwgtplam- Lp nwtp og pfg dbwtgt ae zatplpwplam# bm`

twzzap bm` fgcz pfg zatplpwpgt lm nbm| `leeggmp yb|t- Yg mgg` twdf tadlbc bm`

fgbcpf tguldgt pa zgugmp bm` gzbl pfg `bnbig pa fgbcpf bm` tadlbc fbn dbwtg` pa

pfg zatplpwpgt- Zbclbngmp zgtwzzatg` lm flt tpbpgngmp pfbp ea zatplpwpgt

bbmig` b`grwbpg twzzap tguldgt pa zaul`g pfgn ogppg azzapwmlplgt pa igp byb|

ean zatplpwplam bm` gmpg pfg yac` ae yah &_Tu <4!?::5 `,-

Lm bttgttlmi pfg mgg` pa dfbmig b zgmbc zaultlam# amg nwtp fbug tweeldlgmp

lmeanbplam am pfg bzzcldbplam ae pfg zaultlam- Ogdbwtg ae pfg bmmwbc ublbplamt lm

dlng tfawc` eaccay pfg bzzcldbplam ea b gcbplugc| cami plng- Pfg Zbclbngmpb|

Cgibc Dannlppgg bttwng` lm dammgdplam ylpf pfg zgmbc zaultlam am pfg wtg ae zgtam yfa lt pfg twokgdp ae tgv pbeeldhlmi ybt zbttg` pa pfg bzzcldbplam ae pfg wcg

eaccayg` wz ea pfgg |gbt- Lp pbhgt pflt plng pa og bocg pa igp gclbocg lmeanbplam am

pfg bzzcldbplam- &---,

L zcgb`g` bthg` fay pfg iaugmngmp eaccayt pfg Tyg`ltf bm` Maygilbm cgiltcbplam

lnzbdp am pfg tlpwbplam lm Elmcbm`- Lp pbhgt Ma`ld daazgbplam pa zgugmp pfg b`ugtg

geegdpt- Pfg Nlmltp| ae Kwtpldg lt namlpalmi pfg tlpwbplam `gugcazt- /

Ylpf gcbplam pa# fay amg ow| tgv dbm hmay le pfg zatplpwpg lt bm aeeg ae dwzgccbplam a

fwnbm pb`g# lt ylppgm ylpflm b Elmmltf zgtt gcgbtg ean pfg Elmmltf kwtpldg@gzbpngmp-

/Lp lt bm lm`ldbplam ae zadwlmi8 twdf yfgm dampbdp ylpf pfg zgtam tgcclmi tgv lt ulb

bm lmpgng`lb| a danzgmtbplam zb|bocg pa bm| zgtam# apfg pfbm pfg zgtam

lmuacug` lm pfg tgvwbc bdp- Gugm b`t egg tgv am pfg Lmpgmgp nb| lm`ldbpg pfbp lp lt

zbm`glmi- Bt dbm og pfg dbtg yfgm twdf# am pfg tbng ygotlpg pfgg bg tgugbc

`leeggmp b``t ean zgazcg pfbp bg tlnlcb a gcbpg` pa gbdf apfg-

Lp dbm og bm lm`ldbplam ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi pfbp pfg tgv aeegm`gt egg`an ae

naugngmp lt tlimleldbmpc| gtpldpg`# a pfbp fg a tfg cbdht ewcc ngmpbc ewmdplamlmi- Bzgtam yfa lt twokgdp pa pbeeldhlmi lm igmgbc# yflcg pfg aokgdp ae zadwlmi- /

Dazwcbplam lt zwmltfbocg o| elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa 4 |gbt &awifc| dazwcbplam

ylpf lnzltamngmp ean 0 nampft pa 5 |gbt, bm` lmdcw`gt pfg eaccaylmi bdpt yfgm

pfg| bg dblg` awp pa aopblm a apfg gdaug| &Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg ?:# © <,;

2- /Aibmltg b aan a bm| apfg zcbdg ea lmpgdawtg a b danzbbocg tgvwbc bdp

zgeang` o| bm| damtl`gbplam a ea bm aoulawt lm`gdgmp bdp biblmtp danzgmtbplam

zgeang` o| b dflc` wm`g glifpggm |gbt ae big#



?- Tlimleldbmpc| zanapgt twdf bm bdp o| yfldf bm gtpbocltfg` zbp ae lpt owtlmgtt

rwbpgt amg zgeanlmi pfg bdp#

4- pbmtnlttlam o| dampbdp lmeanbplam# a apfgyltg zanapg bm| apfg twdf bdpt#

bybg pfbp pflt bdplam gttgmplbcc| zanapgt aeegmtg danzcgplam

0- apfgyltg gvzcalp bm| twdf bdpt a

7- gmpldgt a zgttwg tangamg dbzbocg ae twdf bdpt/

B tpw`| ean ?::< &geggmdg` lm TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 24< Mapg ?, Lnzbdp ae pfg Elmmltf

obm am ow|lmi tgv ean b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae dwzgccbplam a fwnbm pbeeldhlmi#

tfayg` pfbp lt map wtg` ug| nbm| gtawdgt am pfg zatgdwplam ae pflt dlng- Lp)t fb`

pa zaug lmpgmp- Lm pfg egy dbtgt pfbp fbug oggm# bg am bugbig tgmpgmdg` pa bzzav- ?:

`b| elmgt- Lp lt `leeldwcp pa igp ylpmgttgt pa fwnbm oglmit# bt b zapgmplbc ylpmgtt yfa fbt

oggm b dwtpang ae b pbeeldhg` zatplpwpg# gugm bp lth ae oglmi zwmltfg`- Pfg obm fbtfb` clnlpg` lnzbdp bt zatplpwplam gugm ogeag pfg lmpa`wdplam ae pfg obm lm zlmdlzcg

fb` ̀ ltbzzgbg` ean pfg tpggpt-

0-0- Apfgr Gwrazgbm dawmprlgt

B dannlppgg wm`g pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Zbclbngmpb| Bttgnoc| bmmawmdg` am < Kwc|

?::9 b gzap gmplpcg` /Zatplpwplam — yfldf tpbmdg pa pbhg1/

Obtg` am pfg gzap gdanngm`g` pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Zbclbngmpb| Bttgnoc| am 0

Adpaog ?::9# pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Ngnog Tpbpgt eanwcbpg bm gvzcldlp zacld| amzatplpwplam bm` bual` ̀ awocg tpbm`b`t# yfldf eadg zatplpwpgt wm`giawm` a wm`g

pfg lmecwgmdg ae zlnzt# bm` geblm ean zwmltflmi zatplpwpgt-

Pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Dannlppgg ae Nlmltpgt bmtygg` am 22 Kwmg ?::6 am b

gdanngm`bplam ean pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Zbclbngmpb| Bttgnoc|- Pfg Dannlppgg

ae Nlmltpgt mapg` pfbp pfg bzzabdf ae pfg Dawmdlc ae Gwazg)t 09 Ngnog Tpbpgt ub|

yl`gc| lm pflt bgb- B dannam zacld| am zatplpwplam dawc` og lttwg` o| pfg Nlmltpglbc

Dannlppgg damtl`gt lp ug| `leeldwcp pa eanwcbpg bp pflt plng-

Pfg gzap ̀ ltplmiwltfgt eaw bzzabdfgt pa zatplpwplam; zaflolplam# giwcbplam#/boaclplamltp/ bm` /mga.boaclplamltp/- Zaflolplam bzzabdf ybt zbpldwcbc| zgubcgmp lm

tang Gbtpgm Gwazgbm dawmplgt# yflcg giwcbpa| bzzabdf zbpldwcbc| ea Ignbm|

bm` pfg Mgpfgcbm`t bm` pa b cgttg gvpgmp Bwtplb# Tylp{gcbm`# Fwmib|# Iggdg# Cbpulb#

Pwhg| bm` D|zwt- Pfg apfg dawmplgt . lmdcw`lmi @gmnbh . ybt pfg gzap dcbttlelg`

bt /boaclplamltp/# gvdgzp ea Tyg`gm# yfldf ybt `gtdlog` bt /mga.boaclplamltp/ bt b

gtwcp ae pfg Tyg`ltf obm am ow|lmi tgv- Twotgrwgmpc|# bcta Mayb| bm` Ldgcbm` obm pfg

zwdfbtg ae tgv bm` yawc` pfwt gzap)t pgnlmacai| may og damtl`gg` /mga.

boaclplamltp/-

7- Tpw`lgt ae zratplpwplam lm @gmnbrh



Pfgg bg b mwnog ae tpw`lgt ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh- _gdgmpc| fbt TEL . Pfg @bmltf

Mbplambc Dgmpg ea Tadlbc _gtgbdf zwocltfg` b gzap am zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh

&fgglmbepg gegg` pa bt /TEL)t gzap/, lm Kwmg ?:22- Pfg tpw`lgt à map zaul`g b

danzcgpg zldpwg ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh# yfldf zgtwnboc| clmhg` pa pfbp

zatplpwpgt igmgbcc| gvzglgmdlmi tplinb oapf lmtplpwplambc &cbyt bm` bwpfalplgt,#t|noacld &pfg ng`lb, bm` tadlbc &ebnlc| bm` elgm`t, &TEL gzap zbig ?<6.<<,# bm` pfbp

pfgg lt b tlimleldbmp dlng gcbpg` ea zatplpwplam- Mwnog ae zatplpwpgt lt map hmaym

owp lp lt bttwng` pfbp pfgg bg ogpyggm bzzav- 4?:: bm` bzzav- 4#7:: zatplpwpgt lm

@gmnbh &TEL gzap zbig ?6<,- Zacldg fbug pfg hmaycgìg boawp 2#0:: ae pfgtg

zatplpwpgt &Mbplambc Zacldg `gtdlzplam ae zacldg bdplam biblmtp zatplpwplam hlmizlmt lm

?::<# zbig ??.42,-

Pfg TEL)t gzap zgtgmpt pfg gtwcpt ean pfg TEL twug| ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh-

Pfg twug| ybt `gtlimg` pa `gpgnlmg pfg gvpgmp ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh bm`

igmgbpg hmaycgìg boawp zatplpwplam# lmdcw`lmi wmdauglmi zatplpwplam aibmltbplambm` pfg zatplpwpgt clulmi dam`lplamt- Pfg gzap)t twnnb| bzzgbt ean eaccaylmi

&zbig <.24,;

/Zatplpwplam bgb lm @gmnbh lt b elgc` lm pbmtlplam# ta wz`bpg` hmaycgìg lt

grwlg`# yfldf lt zgdltgc| pfg zwzatgt ae pflt tpw`|- Ea nbzzlmi# yg fbug wtg`

tgugbc ̀ leeggmp ngpfa`t# bm` zatplpwplam lt nbzzg` pfawif oapf rwbclpbplug bm`

rwbmplpbplug ngpfa`t# bt ygcc bt b clpgbpwg tpw`|- Pfg| wtg` rwbclpbplug ngpfa`t bg

lmpgulgyt# aotgubplamt bm` gulgy ae gda`t ean b tadlbc tguldg blng` bp eaglim

zatplpwpgt- Pfg lmpgulgyt ygg dam`wdpg` ylpf dwgmp bm` eang zatplpwpgt lm

ublawt p|zgt ae zatplpwplam bm` zaegttlambct ean TEL bm` zwocld bwpfalplgt- Pfg

rwbmplpbplug ngpfa`t wtg`# lt pya `b|t dawmpt ae tpggp zatplpwpgt# b rwgtplammblg

bm` bm b` dgmtwt# yfldf oapf damplowpg `bpb pa gtplnbpg pfg gvpgmp ae zatplpwplam

bm` tzgdleld hmaycgìg gib`lmi clulmi dam`lplamt- Pfgg lt bcta daccgdpg` ̀ bpb ean

pfg Mbplambc Zacldg _gtgbdf Dgmpg bm` nggplmi zcbdg ea eaglim yangm lm

zatplpwplam lm Dazgmfbigm-

Pfg gzap zgtgmpt pfg tpw`|)t nblm gtwcpt# yfldf igmgbcc| dbm og `lul`g` lmpa pya

iawzt;

2- B tpbpgngmp ae pfg gvpgmp ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh-

?- B fgìg ae pfg zatplpwpgt clulmi dam`lplamt-

Pfg twug| lt tpwdpwg` obtg` am tgugm twug| rwgtplamt- Pfg eltp tlv rwgtplamt

`gbct ylpf zatplpwpgt clulmi dam`lplamt bm` tlpwbplam# yflcg pfg cbppg lt boawp

zatplpwplam gvpgmp- Nblm egbpwgt ae pfg gtzamtgt pa pfg tgugm rwgtplamt bg ilugm

ogcay;

2- Yfbp ebdpat dbm cgb` pa zatplpwplam `gowp1



Pfg gzap tfayt pfbp namg| zcb|t bm lnzapbmp acg lm zatplpwplam `gowp- Pfg

rwbclpbplug lmpgulgyt lm`ldbpg bcta pfbp namg| nggp ̀ leeggmp mgg`t- Tang wtg pfg

namg| pa daug obtld clulmi datpt Xbg^ apfgt pa zb| ea bm bowtg apfgt pa tgm`

namg| pa pfgl ebnlc| boab` bm` apfgt pa ow| cwvw| iaa`t# gpd- Ewpfgnag# yg

gzap pfbp 2: zg dgmp fbug fb` pfgl `gowp bp pfg big ae 26 |gbt bm` boawp fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt fbug fb` pfgl zatplpwplam `gowp o| pfg gm` ae pfg ?:t- Lm b``lplam# lp

bzzgbt pfbp b ug| tnbcc zazaplam tpbpt bepg pfg big ae 7: |gbt &cgtt pfbm 2: zg

dgmp-,- Elmbcc|# pfg tpw`| tfayt pfbp bcta tgvwbc dwlatlp| zcb|t b acg lm pfg amtgp-

?- Fay lt pfg rwbclp| ae cleg ea pfg zatplpwpgt1

Lm dammgdplam ylpf pfg zatplpwpgt clulmi dam`lplamt bg lm b``lplam pa pfg zratplpwpgt“

g`wdbplambc gdamanld bm` tadlbc obdhiawm` gcgubmp pa caah bp fay dwtpang

dampbdpt gtpbocltfg`# bm` fay pfg ebngyah ea pfg tbcg ae tgvwbc tguldgt lt- Pfg

rwbclpbplug nbpglbc lm`ldbpgt pfbp dwtpangt tggh dampbdp ylpf pfg zatplpwpgtpfawif pfg b`t yfgm lp dangt pa pfg dclmld bm` pa b cgttg gvpgmp egnbcg bm` nbcg

gtdap zatplpwplam- Am pfg tpggp bm` lm obt egrwgmpg` pfg zatplpwpgt ae dwtpangt#

yflcg ngm bcta wtg Lmpgmgp Dfbp eawnt pa tggh dampbdp ylpf pfgl dwtpangt- Bcta

lm`ldbpg pfg rwbclpbplug nbpglbc pfbp dclmldt cbigc| gecgdplmi dwtpang

grwlgngmpt# bt yg fbug oggm bocg pa l`gmple| pfgg `leeggmp p|zgt-

Pfg lmdang ean pfg tbcg ae tgv lt pfg zlnb| tawdg ae lmdang ea tang fbce ae pfg

zatplpwpgt lm pfg tpw`|- Pfg gzap bcta tfayt pfbp pfg big ae pfg tpw`| zbpldlzbmpt

lt cbig# bm` pfgg lt ma dcgb zbppgm lm pfg tgv g`wdbplam- Faygug# lp bzzgbt b

iawz ae tpggp zatplpwpgt pa tpbm` awp lm danzbltam ylpf gtdap bm` dclmld

zatplpwpgt# ylpf nag pfbm 0: zg dgmp ae pfg rgtzam`gmpt“ tpggp zatplpwpgt gzap

pfbp pfgl flifgtp cgugc ae pfg gvbn lt tdfaac gvbn- Ea danzbltam# pflt bpg ae ?: zg

dgmp ae pfg dclmld zatplpwpgt# bcnatp 2: zg dgmp ae pfg egnbcg gtdap zatplpwpgt bm`

mgbc| ?: zg dgmp ae pfg nbcg gtdap zatplpwpgt- Pfg rwgtplammblg# lp lt bzzbgmp

pfbp bzzavlnbpgc| fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt fbug dflc`gm- Lp ybt bcta tggm pfbp bawm`

b rwbpg ae pfg zatplpwpgt clulmi ylpf b oa|elgm`# tzawtg a zbpmg- Bzzavlnbpgc|

0: zg dgmp ae pfg zatplpwpgt lm pfg tpw`| clug bcamg- Lm b``lplam# lp bzzgbt pfbp pfg

gmpbc lt pfg natp dannam ean ae fawtlmi# bt bcnatp fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt clulmi lm

gmpg` bddanna`bplam- Ogpyggm 4: bm` 0: zg dgmp ae rgtzam`gmpt“ gtdap bm` dclmldzatplpwpgt clulmi lm pfg wmlp a fang aymgtflz# yflcg cgtt pfbm 7 zg dgmp ae

gtzam`gmpt tpggp zatplpwpgt aym pfgl aym fangt-

4- Fay lt zatplpwplam aibmltg` ylpf gtzgdp pa pfl` zbplgt yfa tgug am pfg

zatplpwplam ae apfgt pfawif zlnzlmi bm` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi1

Pfg gzap zaul`gt b zldpwg ae pfg zbpt ae pfg tpwdpwbc dam`lplamt ea zatplpwpgt

lm @gmnbh# lmdcw`lmi pfg gdamanld dam`lplamt- Pfg tpw`| flifclifpt lmdcw`lmi pfg

zatplpwpgt) gbmlmit bm` gvzgmtgt pa pfl` zbplgt# lmdcw`lmi zb|ngmp pa pfg dclmld

aymgt- Lm b``lplam pfg gzap bcta lmdcw`gt pfg zbp ae zatplpwplam# `gbclmi ylpfdagdlam bm` gvzcalpbplam o| pbeeldhgt bm` fwnbm pb`g-



Ea pfg zatplpwpgt yfatg zlnb| addwzbplam lt zatplpwplam# tpbpg lmdang ea

bzzav- ?0#::: zg nampf# bm` pfg iawz pfbp àgt map fbug zatplpwplam bt lpt

zlnb| tawdg ae gugmwg# lmdang lt bzzav- 22#::: @HH H- zg nampf- Pfg dclmld

zatplpwplam lt am pfg nbkalp| ae dclmldt pfg cbm`ca`# yfa glpfg yaht bp pfg dclmld

a nbhgt zgnltgt bublcbocg ea b gmpbc 97 zg dgmp ae pfg dclmld zatplpwpgt nbpdf tapfbp pfg| fbug pfg datp ae gmp# yfldf zlnblc| daugt zb|ngmp ea dclmld aymgt- Pfg

datp ae 7? zg dgmp pfg dclmld zatplpwpgt ogpyggm 5:: bm` 2#6:: àccbt ea b ta.

dbccg` ewcc `b| yfldf lt ogpyggm 6 pa 2? fawt-

Ea eaglim tpggp zatplpwpgt# bg `lul`g` wzam am pfg obtlt ae pfg rwbclpbplug tpw`|

clhgc| pfbp lm tang dbtgt lmuacug` pbeeldhgt a apfg pfl` zbplgt# owp yg dbmmap

l`gmple| yfgpfg pfgg lt gugm pbch boawp pbeeldhg` yangm- Bnami gtdap zatplpwpgt

ngm bm` yangm lm`ldbpg` pfbp pfg pfl` zbp| lt map lmuacug`-

0- Pa yfbp gvpgmp bm` lm yfbp tlpwbplamt bg zatplpwpgt gvzatg` pa ulacgmdg bmàpfg datt.oa`g ogfbulaw ean pfgl dwtpangt a ean pfl` zbplgt1

Pfg gzap tfayt pfbp lm dammgdplam ylpf pfg tbcg ae tgv bg zatplpwpgt yfa

gvzglgmdg pbmtigttlam &ea gvbnzcg augwmt lm pfg ean ae pawdfgt am pfg oa`|

bm` eant ae tgv# bt pfg zatplpwpgt à map ybmp, bm` ulacgmp bppbdht- Pfg twug|

tfayt# yfldf am bugbig 26 zg dgmp ae pfg zatplpwpgt fbug gvzglgmdg` ulacgmdg

ean dclgmpt amg a nag plngt lm ?:2:# yflcg pfg eliwg ea pfg gvzglgmdg ae oa`g

dattlmit lt ?: zg dgmp-

Pfg rwbclpbplug `bpb nbpglbc lm`ldbpgt b dagcbplam ogpyggm# am pfg amg fbm` pa oggvzatg` pa datt.oa`g bm` àngtpld ulacgmdg bm` am pfg apfg fbm`# pfg

gvzglgmdg ae gdamanld ̀ gzgm`gmdg am zatplpwplam bm` tadlbc gvdcwtlam ean

tadlgp|- Oapf lm gcbplam pa ulacgmdg bm` pbmtigttlamt gtwcpt tfay pfbp tpggp

zatplpwpgt bg pfg natp uwcmgbocg iawz- Pfg rwbclpbplug nbpglbc ewpfg lm`ldbpgt

pfbp zatplpwpgt pa bual` ulacgmdg bm` oa`g dattlmit zgean lth nbmbig pbdpldt#

yfldf lmdcw`g bm bttgttngmp ae pfg dwtpang)t gclbolclp|-

7- Fay à pfg zatplpwpgt pfgl aym cleg tlpwbplam bm` gcbplamtflz pa tadlbc# fgbcpf

bm` zacldg1

Pfg gzap zgtgmpt oapf pfg zatplpwpgt) gvzglgmdg ae tplinb bttgttngmp ae

zt|dflbpld t|nzpant bm` hmaycgìg ae bm` gvzglgmdg ylpf tadlbc tguldgt bm`

zwocld bwpfalplgt# lmdcw`lmi pfg zacldg bm` pfg pbv bwpfalplgt- Pfg rwbclpbplug

nbpglbc lm`ldbpgt pfbp pfg zatplpwpgt bdatt bgmbt gvzglgmdlmi tplinb bp bcc cgugct

ae tadlgp|# bm` pfbp pfg| natpc| hggz tgdgp pfgl tbcg ae tgvwbc tguldgt- Igmgbc

lm`ldbpgt bzzav- fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt pfbp pfg| fbug zt|dfacaildbc t|nzpant- Pfg

t|nzpant bg igmgbcc| flifclifpg`# ̀ gzgttlam bm` tgugg damdgmpbplam zaocgnt-

Zacldg yah ylpf zatplpwplam lt zgànlmbmpc| zatlplug lm pfg tpw`|# yflcg pfg

zatplpwpgt bg nag dbwplawt lm pfgl bttgttngmp ae pfg pbv bwpfalplgt-



5- Fay pa igp pfg zatplpwpgt awp ae zatplpwplam1

Pfg gzap tfayt pfbp zgugmplam ae zatplpwplam ̀ gowp bm` fgcz pa gm` zatplpwplam

tfawc` og obtg` am pfbp zatplpwpgt dbm tgg pfgl tlpwbplam ug| `leeggmpc|- Lp pwmt

awp pfbp 00 zg dgmp ae pfg gtzam`gmpt damtl`gg` tpazzlmi tgcclmi tgv ylpflm pfg

mgvp egy |gbt- Lm pfg rwbclpbplug zbp ae pfg tpw`|# lmeanbmpt gvzgttg` pfbp pfg|

pflmh pfg| dbm tpaz ean `b| pa `b| le pfg| yltf- Apfg lmeanbmpt yawc` clhg pa tpaz#

owp elm` pfbp lp lt `leeldwcp a pflmh pfbp lp ylcc og `leeldwcp- Pflt lt aepgm clmhg` pa bm

gvzglgmdg ae gdamanld `gzgm`gmdg- Ae pfg iawz pfbp ybmpt pa tpaz lm zatplpwplam#

lp lt amc| 5 zg dgmp pfbp eggct pfg| yawc` clhg pa cgbug zatplpwplam ea b ogppg aeeg-

4: zg dgmp eggct pfbp pfgg lt ma bcpgmbplug-

Pfgg lt bcta b ub|lmi hmaycgìg ae tadlbc tguldgt blng` bp zatplpwpgt bm` pa

ublawt zwocld bwpfalplgt lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam- Pfg tpw`| tfayt pfbp @bmltf

egnbcg zratplpwpg“t dclmld fbt pfg natp yl`gtzgb` hmaycgìg ae ublawt tadlbctguldgt# yfldf lt clhgc| `wg pa pfg pwmg ae tpbee ean tadlbc tguldgt- Gtdap

Zatplpwpgt ngm bm` yangm bm` eaglim yangm hmay eb cgtt pa pfg tadlbc tguldgt-

9- Yfbp lt pfg gvpgmp ae zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh1

Lm pflt gzap# yg gtplnbpg pfg cgugc ae lm`lul`wbct ylpflm `leeggmp p|zgt ae

zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh lm ?:2:- Pfgg bg b mwnog ae dfbccgmigt bttadlbpg` ylpf lp-

Amg gbtam lt pfbp lp lt map zattlocg pa `by b bmàn tbnzcg ae zgazcg yahlmi lm

zatplpwplam# bm` pfgm lmpgulgy pfgn- Pfggeag# yg fbug wtg` apfg ngpfa`t pa

dbcdwcbpg zatplpwplam gvpgmp- Pfg twoiawzt# yg gtplnbpg pfg dclmld zatplpwpgt#eaglim tpggp zatplpwpgt bm` egnbcg gtdap zatplpwpgt- Pfg mwnog ae dclmld

zatplpwpgt yg gtplnbpg pa 2#544# pfg mwnog ae eaglim tpggp zatplpwpgt yg

gtplnbpg pa og 7<7# bm` pfg mwnog ae egnbcg gtdap zatplpwpgt yg gtplnbpg pa og

<:4` Lp fbt ea tang twoiawzt ae zatplpwpgt &@bmltf tpggp zatplpwpgt# nbcg

gtdap zatplpwpgt# ob zatplpwpgt bm` zlubpg ! `ltdgpg, fbt map oggm zattlocg pa

nbhg bm aokgdplug gtplnbpg- Ea pfgtg twoiawzt# yg lm pfg gzap bpfg pfbm bm

bddawmp ae pfg hmaycgìg yg fbug iblmg`# bm` lp lt pfggeag map zattlocg pa

`gpgnlmg pfg elmbc eliwg- /

Zatplpwpgt bg ug| ̀ leeggmp- Tang zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi# owp pfg

mwnog lt map hmaym &TEL gzap zbig ?<7,- Bcpfawif nbm| zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae

zlnzlmi# zb|lmi pa yah lm b oapfgc &b /dclmld/ lm pfg pb`lplambc tadlbc yah

pgnlmacai|, &TEL gzap zbig ?<7,# a gvzcalpg` o| zlnzt &zbpldwcbc| eaglim tpggp

zatplpwpgt# tgg TEL)t gzap zbig ?<5# owp bcta tang gtdap zatplpwpgt bm` ob

zatplpwpgt &/dfbnzbimg ilct/,# zwtwbmp pa TEL)t gzap# zbig 229.?:# 24?,- Tang

zatplpwpgt bg bcta uldplnt ae gvpaplam &/zapgdplam namg|/,- B gcbplugc| tnbcc

mwnog ae zatplpwpgt yahlmi zlnblc| bt zatplpwpgt pa ewm` b ̀ wi b``ldplam

&gtzgdlbcc| @bmltf tpggp zatplpwpgt# tgg TEL)t gzap zbig ?<4,- Lm b``lplam# pfgg bg

bcta b mwnog ae zatplpwpgt yfa bg mglpfg uldplnt ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# zlnzlmi#zlnzlmi a gvpaplam# bm` yfldf àgt map fbug b `wi b``ldplam-



Pfg zatplpwpgt bg bcta ug| `leeggmp lm pgnt ae gvbnzcg big# g`wdbplambc obdhiawm #̀

fawtlmi bm` ebnlc| dldwntpbmdgt- Pfgg bg zatplpwpgt ae bcc bigt# ea gvbnzcg b pfl`

aug 0: |gbt &TEL gzap zbig <9,- Pfgg bg zatplpwpgt lm bcc cgugct ae g`wdbplam# owp

pfg| bg map grwbcc| ̀ ltplowpg` am pfg ublawt eant ae zatplpwplam- Bnami tpggp

zatplpwpgt lt b tlimleldbmpc| flifg zazaplam ylpf ma g`wdbplam og|am` zlnb|tdfaac cgugc# bm` bnami gtdap zatplpwpgt lt b flifg zazaplam# yfldf fbug b flifg

g`wdbplam &TEL gzap zbig <6,- Fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt fbug dflc`gm# bm` amg pfl` lt

dflc`gm wm`g 26# bm` ogpyggm pfg eawpf bm` elepf clulmi ylpf dflc`gm &TEL gzap

zbig <<.2::,- Boawp b rwbpg ae pfg zatplpwpgt clug ylpf b oa|elgm`# tzawtg a

zbpmg- Nag pfbm fbce ae pfg zatplpwpgt clug lm gmpg` bddanna`bplam# yflcg amg pfl`

clug lm aymgtflz a daazgbplug &TEL gzap 2:2,- Pfg zazaplam ae tpggp zatplpwpgt#

yfa clugt lm pfgl aym fangt a da.azgbplug# lt ug| cay# yflcg pfg zazaplam pfbp

clugt lm tfgcpgt# dltlt dgmpgt a bm|pflmi lm gpwm lt flifg-

Pfgg bg oapf yangm bm` ngm yfa bg zatplpwpgt- Yangm bg igmgbcc| naggiwcb bm` nag zacamig` yahlmi ylpflm zatplpwplam pfbm ngm- Pfg damtgrwgmdg lt

pfbp pfg zgazcg bp bm| ilugm plng yahlmi bt zatplpwpgt# pfg nbkalp| bg yangm#

bcpfawif pfg zazaplam ae pfg papbc zazwcbplam yfa fbug gug tac` tgv lt flifg bnami

ngm pfbm bnami yangm- Pflt bzzgbt ean ae bm bpldcg lm pfg @bmltf mgytzbzg#

Zaclplhgm# 2 Bwiwtp ?::<;

/Gvzgpt may ogclgug pfbp nag ngm pfbm yangm lm @gmnbh bp tang zalmp lm pfgl

clugt fbug tac` pfgntgcugt ea tgv-

/Lm pfg Ma`ld dawmplgt# yfgg zatplpwplam lt map bt gvpgmtlug# pfg zazaplam ae

ngm yfa fbug gvzglgmdg lm tgcclmi tgv lt flifg pfbm yangm#/ tb|t Kbl Hawtnbmgm

ean Iapfgmowi Wmlugtlp|-

Cbtp |gb# pfg Tyg`ltf nbm gtgbdf tpw`| /Zatplpwplam lm pfg Ma`ld dawmplgt/#

yfldf `adwngmpg` pfbp b flifg zazaplam ae ngm &?-: zg dgmp, pfbm yangm &2-5

zg dgmp, # ogpyggm 26 bm` 90 |gbt# lm Tyg`gm fbug tac` tgv-

Bdda`lmi pa Kbl Hawtnbmgm pfg pgm` lt pfg tbng lm @gmnbh# bm` tgugbc @bmltf

tpw`lgt bnami |awmi zgazcg lt zalmplmi lm pfg tbng `lgdplam- Bcta @bmltf gvzgpt lm

nbcg zatplpwplam# damelnt pfg pgm`-

Pfg ebdp pfbp nag ngm fbug gvzglgmdg lm tgcclmi tgv# yflcg yangm bg tplcc aug.

gzgtgmpg` lm pfg lm`wtp|# lt bdda`lmi pa gvzgpt# ogdbwtg ngm dbmmap og ta nbm|

|gbt lm pfg zaegttlam- /

Pfg bpplpw`gt payb`t zatplpwplam bg flifclifpg` lm ublawt tpw`lgt- Ea gvbnzcg# b

tpw`| ae 27.2<.|gb.ac` |awmi zgazcg)t bpplpw`gt pa zatplpwplam ybt lnzcgngmpg` o|

Pfg Tguldg Bigmd| lm ?::9- Pfg twug| tfayg` pfbp b nbkalp| bnami oapf ilct bm`

oa|t bigg` ylpf tpbpgngmpt twdf bt /lp lt dcwnt| pa ow| tgv/# /lp lt fwnlclbplmi pa tgcc

tgv/ bm` /b @bmltf yanbm pbhgt gugm pfg `gdltlam yfgpfg tfg ylcc tgcc tgv /- Faygug#



pfgg ybt ma damtgmtwt bnami ilct bm` oa|t am pfg augbcc tpbpgngmp /lp lt bclifp pa

ow| tgv/# bt b nbkalp| ae pfg oa|t ygg lm biggngmp# yflcg b nbkalp| ae pfg ilct

`ltbigg`-

Bmapfg tpw`| lt Dcbwt Cbwpwzt gubcwbplam ean ?::? ae pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ??4 ea pfg

zwdfbtg ae tgv ylpf bm wm`gbig zatplpwpg- Bt zbp ae pflt gubcwbplam ybt bcta

dam`wdpg` b twug| ae zwocld bpplpw`gt pa zatplpwplam bnami b`wcpt- Pflt tpw`| tfayg`

pfbp b dcgb nbkalp| ogclgug` pfbp zatplpwplam lt b yfacc| a zbplbcc| bddgzpbocg zbp ae

tadlgp| &55',# owp pa tadlgp| pfawif cgiltcbplam bm` ! a fgcz zatplpwpgt tfawc` yah

pa g`wdg zatplpwplam &99',- 9' ygg lm ebuaw ae dlnlmbcltlmi zatplpwpgt# 2:' ygg

lm ebuaw ae dlnlmbcltlmi zatplpwplam dwtpangt# bm` ?6' ygg lm ebuaw ae

dlnlmbcltlmi zatplpwpgt bt ygcc bt zatplpwplam dwtpangt-

Lm @gmnbh tlmdg ?::9 pfawif Tgzpgnog ?:22 l`gmplelg` 264 uldplnt ae fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi &Pfg Tguldg Bigmd|,-

Pfg Tguldg Bigmd| cbwmdfg` lm Maugnog ?:22 b dbnzblim biblmtp fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi wm`g pfg plpcg /Awp ylpf hlmizlm„ Dbnzblim nbpglbc dampblmg` twdf

eaccaylmi;

Lp dbm og b tlim ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# le b zgtam;

2- Caaht gcwdpbmp# bzbpfgpld bm` zgfbzt bebl`-

?- Lt oglmi ybpdfg`-

4- Map gugm bddgzp pfg namg| pfbp fg ! tfg gbm . owp pfg namg| lt ilugm pa bmapfg-

0- Clugt bm` yaht lm trwbcl` dam`lplamt-

7- Clugt bm` yaht pfg tbng zcbdg-

5- Fbt ̀ leeldwcp| nbhlmi amgtgce wm`gtpaa -̀ Ea gvbnzcg mglpfg tzgbht @bmltf a

Gmicltf# bm` fbt bmapfg zgtam pa tzgbh am ogfbce ae fln ! fg-

9- Lt `gzlug` ae lpt l`gmplp| a elppg` ylpf ebctg zbttzapt-

6- Fbt oggm bttlimg` b `gop ae hlmizlm bm` egb ae gzltbct le fg ! tfg eblct pa zb| pfg

`gop a map daazgbplug-

<- Fbug oggm twokgdpg` pa ulacgmdg a pfgbpt biblmtp flntgce bm` flt ebnlc|-

2:- fbug map oggm bybg ae pfg dam`lplamt pfbp fg ! tfg fb` pa yah wm`g# bm` pfg

`gigg ae gvzcalpbplam# pfbp fg ! tfg yawc` og gvzatg`-

Lp lt b danolmbplam ae tgugbc tlimt ! lm`ldbpat pfbp `gpgnlmg yfgpfg b zgtam dbm

og damtl`gg` b uldpln ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi bm` map amg ltacbpg` lm`ldbpa pfbp lt

dwdlbc- Owp pfg eaccaylmi pfgg dam`lplamt bg gzgbpg` lm dbtgt ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi;



  B uldpln ae prbeeldhlmi ylcc map og bocg pa gtdbzg eardg` rbpla bm` wplcltbplam-

  Pfg zgrtam lt eardg` glpfgr zf|tldbcc| ar zt|dfacaildbcc| pa damplmwg pa zratplpwpg

pfgntgcugt a yah-

  Pfg zgtam igpt bm wmebl cay a ma zb| bm` gmpwtpg` b cbig bm` aepgm gtdbcbplmi`gop ae lpt nbtpgnlm`-

Tgv dwtpangt nb| og pfg amc| dampbdp pfbp b yanbm yfa lt pbeeldhg` lmpa

zatplpwplam fbt pa pfg awptl`g yac` . lm b``lplam pa pfg apfg uldplnt ae fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi bm` pbeeldhgt- Pfggeag# tgv dwtpangt fbug b tzgdlbc gtzamtlolclp| pa

tgmtg yfbp lt ialmi am bm` caah ea tlimt ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi-

Bt b tgv dwtpang |aw tfawc` og bybg pfbp b yanbm yfa lt pbeeldhg` lmpa

zatplpwplam;

  _brgc| ar mgug bth ea fgcz-

  Lt tdbrg`# wmdanearpbocg ar tggnt bzbpfgpld-

  Brg berbl` pa pgcc flt rgbc tpar| bm` egbr pfbp ma amg ylcc fgcz fgr-

  Brg berbl` pfbp pfg zgrzgprbpart ylcc zwmltf fgr le pfg| ogdang bybrg pfbp tfg fbt

bthg` ea fgcz-

  Ma camigr prwtp bm|amg-

  Egb gzltbct ean pfg zgzgpbpa le tfg ̀ l` map daazgbpg bm` /uacwmpb|/

zatplpwpgt-

  Mgg` namg| pa zb| pfg `gop pa pfg hlmizlm bm` pa tgm` fang pa pfgl ebnlclgt-

  Amc| gugm igp clppcg ar mamg ae pfg namg| tfg gbrmg` eran zratplpwplam-

Pfggeag# lp lt lnzapbmp pa hggz |aw g|gt bm` gbt azgm-

  Le tangamg apfgr pfbm pfg yanbm fgrtgce# pbhlmi lm pa namg|# lp dbm og b p|zldbc tlim

ae fwnbm oglmit-

  Pfg narg nltgrbocg pfg dam`lplamt brg bp pfg nbttbig zbrcaw a pfg zcbdg yfgg

zatplpwplam pbhgt zcbdg# pfg nag lth pfgg lt pfbp pfgg lt fwnbm pbeeldhlmi bm`

pbeeldhgt bg map boawp pa gtpbocltf b zgnbmgmp owtlmgtt-

Pfgg bg ltht pfbp twzzap b hlmizlm yfa gbmt namg| o| gvzcalplmi yangm ea

zatplpwplam# yfgm amg ow|t tgv- Yfgm b tgv dwtpang fbt nb`g b dfaldg pa ia pa b

zatplpwpg# |aw fbug b gtzamtlolclp| pa og bybg ae tlimbct bm` gbdp le |aw twtzgdp

fwnbm pbeeldhlmi- /

5- Pfg Drlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlct `gclogrbplamt



5-2- Drlnlmbcltbplam ae zratplpwpgt

Fltpaldbcc|# pfg dlnlmbc pgbpngmp ae zatplpwpgt naug` ean b ta.dbccg` pacgbmdg

t|tpgn lm yfldf pfg gvgdltg ae zatplpwplam cgibcc| dawc` og gvgdltg` amc| wm`g

dam`lplamt cbl` `aym o| pfg zacldg &pfg zgla` ogeag 2<:5,# b t|tpgn yfgg pfg zacldg

dawc` ilug b zatplpwpg yfa fb` ma apfg lmdang pa lpt nblmpgmbmdg# a`gt pa dgbtg

gvgdltlmi zatplpwplam &zgla` 2<:5.2<<<,# b tdfgng yfgg pfg gvgdltg ae zatplpwplam

bt twdf lt zwmltfbocg &pfg zgla` tlmdg 2<<<,-

Lm b``lplam# pfgg ybt b zgla` bepg ̀ gdlnlmbcltbplam lm 2<44 ae uacwmpb| fanatgvwbc

gcbplamtflzt ogpyggm b`wcpt# yfgg lp ybt b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pa gdglug zb|ngmp ae b

fanatgvwbc gcbplamtflz# de- Zgmbc Da`g © ?4:# bt lm eadg wmplc 2<59-

Ma nbppg fay |aw caah bp zatplpwplam# pfgg lt pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ogclgugt ma

`awop pfbp bepg b dampgnzab| ulgy tfawc` map og damtl`gg` pa zwmltf b zatplpwpg

amc| ea pfg ebdp pfbp pfg zgtam fbt tgvwbc gcbplamt ea zb|ngmp-

B zattlocg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwpgt dbm ea Dlnlmbc Dawmdlc damtl`gt pa`b| amc|

kwtplelg` lm a`g damtl`gbplamt# lmdcw`lmi pfg mgg` ea danzbmlgt yfatg azgbplamt

`ltwzpg` o| zatplpwpgt# bm` mglifoawt a zbttgt.o| pfbp lt nacgtpg`- Twdf zacld|

damtl`gbplamt bg map wmlrwgc| clmhg` pa zatplpwpgt# ylpf apfg iawzt a lm`lul`wbct

dbm og b tglawt mwltbmdg ea owtlmgttgt# mglifoawt a zbttgt.o|- Pfgg lt bm

biwngmp biblmtp pflt obdhiawm` map pa lnzatg obmt a gtpldplamt zgpblmlmi amc| pa

zatplpwpgt# owp bpfg bcta ea zatplpwpgt# yfgg bzzazlbpg# pa bzzc| pfg igmgbc wcgt

ae dam`wdp pfbp bzzc| pa gug|amg yfa gvflolpt b dgpblm bmma|lmi ogfbulawt-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc dbm twzzap pfg `gdlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwplam bt twdf#

dam`wdpg` lm 2<<<# yfldf bcta lt lm clmg ylpf pfg lmpgmbplambc pgm`# bp cgbtp lm Gwazg-

Pfg rwgtplam ae yfgpfg amg tfawc` ia amg tpgz ewpfg pfbm yg `l` lm 2<<<# bm` pa

gzgbc pfg zaultlam# yfldf ngbmt pfbp pfg zbdpldg ae zatplpwplam dbmmap og damtl`gg`

bt b /cgibc zaegttlam/# gcbpgt lm zbpldwcb pa tadlbc bm` cboaw cby &ea gvbnzcg wcgt

ae wmgnzca|ngmp bm` tldhmgtt bm` nbpgmlp| ogmgelpt,- Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt

eawm` ma gbtam pa damtl`g pflt lttwg ewpfg# owp tfawc` og ea pfg tbhg ae

danzcgpgmgtt azlmlam pfbp pfg Dawmdlc)t ulgy lt map dlnlmbc gbtamt yfldf nlclpbpgbiblmtp bm| twdf ewcc cgibcltbplam ae zatplpwplam bt b zaegttlam-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bybg pfbp gvbnzcg lm Elmcbm` fbug obmmg` tpggp

zatplpwplam# ea gvbnzcg nb`g lp lccgibc ea zatplpwpgt pa dampbdp ylpf dwtpangt lm pfg

tpggp- Bcpfawif pfg zgmbcp| ea ulacbplam ae pflt zaflolplam lm Elmcbm` bcamg lt b ta.

dbccg` elmg bp 7: gwat# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc# pfbp twdf b zaflolplam lt dampb| pa

pfg ̀ gdlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwplam# ogdbwtg pfg zaflolplam tgzbbpg ebngt pfg

zatplpwpgt tgcclmi tgv ylpfawp gib` pa yfgpfg pfg tbcg pbhgt zcbdg lm b yb| pfbp

bdda`lmi pa pfg wcgt pfbp bzzc| pa dlpl{gmt lm igmgbc lt damtl`gg` `ltwzplug-



Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g dampblmt b tlmicg zaultlam# yfldf pa`b| lt blng` zbpldwcbc| bp

bùgpltlmi ea zatplpwplam# dam`wdpg` o| pfg zatplpwpgt pfgntgcugt- Bepg Zgmbc Da`g

© ?44 zwmltfg` ta am# yfldf gmdawbigt a lmulpgt pa eamldbplam a nbhg cldgmplawt

clegtp|cgt am `ltzcb| lm b yb| pfbp lt twlpbocg pa nacgtp apfgt a bawtg zwocld

lm`limbplam# pa b elmg a lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2 |gb-

Pfg tdazg ae Pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?44 nb| ilug ltg pa àwop bm` `gpgnlmbplam lt ug|

bgc| wtg`# `gtzlpg pfg ebdp pfbp zatplpwplam b`t lm pfg gcgdpamld ng`lb aepgm dampblmt

zamaibzfld lnbigt &TEL gzap zbig 2?4,-

Bepg Pfg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?44 lt boacltfg`- Lm pfg

Dawmdlc)t ulgy# ta bepg b dampgnzab| ulgy lt map tweeldlgmp gbtam pa dlnlmbcltg pfg

zatplpwpg aym bùgpltlmi gib`cgtt ae bm| ean-

Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt ngp apfgt cgilplnbpg gvzgdpbplam ae

zapgdplam biblmtp bm| zbpldwcb biigttlam ean zatplpwpgt tweeldlgmpc| o| a`g ae pfg

Gvgdwplug A`g- Bepg pflt a`g# lp lt zaflolpg` pa gvflolp aotdgmg a aeegmtlug

ogfbulaw# yfldf lt clhgc| pa nacgtp apfgt a bawtg zwocld awpbig &© 4# zbbibzf ?,-

Ewpfgnag# tgpwz a plng bawm` zatpgt a gvflolplam# tbcg a ̀ ltplowplam ae pbdpt#

a lnbigt zaflolpg` yfgm lp lt clhgc| pa `ltpwo zwocld a`g# a yfgm pfg zatpgt#

tdlzpwgt a zldpwgt bg aeegmtlug lm mbpwg &© <# zbbibzf 2,- Lp lt bcta obmmg` lm

fawtgt pa ̀ gclug ylplmit bm` lnbigt ae aokgdplambocg dampgmp ea apfg pfbm gtl`gmpt

yfa fbug ilugm gvzcldlp a`glmi pflt# le pfg dampgmp lt clhgc| pa nacgtp apfgt a bawtg

zwocld awpbig &© <# zbbibzf ?,-

Lm pflt dammgdplam# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gg` pfg zaultlam ae dbpglmi Bdp ©

42 zbbibzf- ?# pfgm pfg zacldg nb| zaflolp twdf b zatplpwpg pa tpb| am pfg iwgtp lm b

gtpbwbmp# gpd-

Pfg alilmbc kwtpleldbplam &lm 2<:5# 2<?2 bm` 2<4<, lm a`g pa zaul`g b zatplpwpg twdf

b obm ybt pa p| pa dawmpgbdp ob zatplpwplam- _gtpldplam ae zatplpwpgt bg gzgbpg`c|

gvpgm`g` o| pfg lnzcgngmpbplam ae b mgy zazlgpat cby# natp gdgmpc| lm 2<<4# owp

àgt map bzzgb pa og tgzbbpgc| `ltdwttg` lm cgiltcbplug yah tlmdg pfg lnzcgngmpbplam

ae pfg zazlgpat cby lm 2<4<- _gtpldplamt ea zatplpwpgt# bt iwgtpt bp gtpbwbmpt# gpd-

bg map pa og tggm pa og ngmplamg` lm dammgdplam ylpf pfg `gdlnlmbcltbplam ae

zatplpwplam lm 2<<<- Bzzbgmpc| wtg` pfg gtpldplamt bg ma camig danzbg` pa

zatplpwpgt- Lm bm| dbtg gegg` pa lp lt map lm pfg zgzbbpa| yah ea pfg cbtp

bngm`ngmp ae pfg dbpglmi Bdp © 42 zbbibzf- ?# pfg zaultlam bcta zaul`gt ea

zaflolplam lm gcbplam pa zatplpwpgt# tgg _gzap Ma- 27:0!?::< am rgtpbwrbpgwrt“

bddgtt pa l`gmplp| lmeanbplam pa zgtamt ylpf gtpbwbmp obmt bm` Bdp Ma- 2?97# 25

@gdgnog ?::<-

Lm bdda`bmdg ylpf yfbp fbt oggm tpbpg` boaug pfbp zatplpwplam tfawc` map og eawifp

o| pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zatplpwpgt# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc# pfg cgibc obtlt lm pfg



fatzlpbclp| Bdp © 42 zbbibzf- ? pa zaflolp b zatplpwpg pa tpb| bt b iwgtp lm b

gtpbwbmp gpd- tfawc` og boacltfg`-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc pfggeag damtl`gt pfbp pfg lmpggtpt ae apfg gtpbwbmp

iwgtpt# yfa nb| og fbbttg` o| b zatplpwpg# yfgg bzzazlbpg# tfawc` og zgeang`

o| bzzc|lmi pfg wcgt lm a`g pa pgm`g- Pfg Dawmdlc mapgt bcta lm pflt gtzgdp# pfg

Dawmdlc àgt map bcta zazatgt dfbmigt pa pfg gtpbwbmp Bdp © 42 zbbibzf- ? bm` pfbp

b zgtam dbm damplmwg pa og eaol``gm pa tpb| bt b iwgtp lm b zbpldwcb gtpbwbmp# le pfbp

. lmdcw`lmi b zatplpwpg . fbt dannlppg` b dlnlmbc aeegmtg# lmdcw`lmi ulacbpg` a`g

mapldg-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc bcta damtl`gt pfbp danobplmi zadwlmi a zlnzlmi lm

dammgdplam ylpf ob zatplpwplam . bt ylpf apfg eant ae zatplpwplam . tfawc` og àmg

o| b zacldg bdplam biblmtp pfg zlm.hlmit bm` map pfg zatplpwpgt-

Pfg zratplpwpgt“ dam`lplamt brg irgbpc| beegdpg` bcta o| yfbp dangt eran pfg

lmuacugngmp lm pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt bm` pa zb| ea tgv- Pfgtg zalmpt tfawc` og

ngmplamg` lm pfg eaccaylmi zbbibzft-

5-?- Drlnlmbcltbplam ae zbrpldlzbplam lm pfg zratplpwplam ae apfgrt

5-?-2- Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy# lp lt dcgb pfbp pfg wtg ae eadg# ebw`# gpd--

biblmtp b zgtam ea pfg zwzatg ae gvzcalplmi pfg zatplpwplam tfawc` gnblm b dlnlmbc

aeegmtg- Pflt bcta eaccayt ean pfg @bmltf GW cby bm` lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt-

Pflt lt may dlnlmbcltg` bt fwnbm pb`g# de- Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b zbbibzf 2# le pfg

aeegm`g fbt gdwlpg`# pbmtzapg`# pbmtegg`# fawtg a twotgrwgmp gdglzp ae pfg

zgtam lp lt lmpgm`g` pa gvzcalp pfg zatplpwplam- Bepg © ?4 lmdcw`gt dlnlmbc zaultlam

bcta bm|amg yfa hmayt gmdawbigngmp# bùldg a bdplam fbt damplowpg` pa pfg bdp- Pfg

zaultlam pfwt daug gug|amg yfa damplowpgt pa bm| gdwlpt# pbmtzapt# pbmtegt#

fboawt a twotgrwgmpc| gdglugt b zgtam lp lt lmpgm`g` pa gvzcalp pfg zatplpwplam-

Pfg aeegmtg lt ta yl`g pfbp zaultlam lt clhgc| lm zbdpldg lmdcw`g bm| damplowplam pa pfg

wtg ae eadg# ebw`# gpd- biblmtp b zgtam ea pfg zwzatg ae gvzcalplmi pfg zatplpwplam-

Pfg zaultlam lm pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b zbbibzf 2 lt `gtlimg` lm pfg clifp ae @gmnbh)t Gwazgbm Wmlam cby bm` lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt bm` ybt cbtp gulgyg` lm

?:2?- Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt ma twotpbmplug dfbmigt pa pfg zaultlam-

5-?-?- Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy# lp lt bcta dcgb pfbp lmuacugngmp pa b

zgtam cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt biblmtp zb|ngmp a zanltg ae zb|ngmp fbt tgvwbc gcbplamt

ylpf b dclgmp# bcta tfawc` gnblm b dlnlmbc aeegmtg bcta pflt apfgyltg eaccay pfg @bmltf

GW cby bm` lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt-

Pfg ya`lmi ae pfg Damugmplamt ae 0 Nb| 2<2: bm` 4: Tgzpgnog 2<?2 biblmtp pfg

yflpg tcbug pb`g dbm tzgbh ea @gmnbh bcta bg grwlg` pa dlnlmbcltg bm|gdwlpngmp lmpa zatplpwplam o| b yanbm wm`g ?2- Lp nwtp og bttwng` o| @gmnbh)t



bpleldbplam ae pfg damugmplamt lm 2<42 pa og zaul`g` pa pfg Zgmbc Da`g ae 2<4: ybt

tweeldlgmp pa nggp @gmnbh)t aoclibplamt wm`g pfg Damugmplamt bm` Zgmbc Da`g © ??6#

zbbibzf ?# zbp 2# am pfg gmdawbigngmp a bttltpbmdg pa zatplpwplam cbl` alilmbcc| b

26.|gb big clnlp# yfldf wmplc 2<52 ybt lmdgbtg` pa b ?2.|gb big clnlp &ylpfawp pfg

dammgdplam ybt nb`g pa pfg Damugmplamt ae 2<2: bm` 2<?2,- Dlnlmbc Da`g DawmdlcBiblmtp pflt obdhiawm`# ma gbtam# lm lpt ewpfg damtl`gbplam pa bttwng pfbp pfgtg

ac`g damugmplamt . lm dampbtp pa gdgmp WM bm` Dawmdlc ae Gwazg Damugmplamt .

grwlg pfg wtg ae b ?2.|gb big clnlp-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt gcbpg` pfbp ma camig tfawc` og tzgdlbc wcgt ea

zatplpwpgt big` ogpyggm 26 bm` ?2 |gbt- Bwpfalp| big lt dwgmpc| 26 |gbt ac` bm`

Dlnlmbc Dawmdlc lt map bocg pa pgbp 26.?: |gb ac` b`wcp `leeggmpc| pfbm b`wcp aug ?2

|gbt- Lm pfbp gib` bcta# pfg dlnlmbc da`g amc| lm amg apfg zaultlam# © ??:# wtgt b

?2.|gb big clnlp# yfldf Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bcta zazatlmi pa dfbmig# tgg lm Dfbzpg

22# Tgdplam 0# boaug-

Zgmbc Da`g © ??6# zbbibzf- ?# dwgmpc| dampblmt tzgdlbc wcgt am zbpldlzbplam pa b

zgtam wm`g ?2 lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam- Ewpfgnag# lp dlnlmbcltg` bt fwnbm oglmit#

tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b zbbibzf- ?# pa gdwlp# pbmtzap# pbmteg# fawtg a

twotgrwgmpc| gdglug b zgtam cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt ea gvzcalpbplam ae pfg zatplpwplam- Pa

pfg gvpgmp © ??6# zbbibzf- ?# a © ?5? b zbbibzf- ?# dawc` map daug bpla# pfg

zbpldlzbplam ae b zgtam wm`g 26 lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam dawc` og zwmltfbocg bt

bttltpbmdg pa b dclgmp)t tgvwbc gcbplamtflz ylpf b zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt biblmtp

zb|ngmp a zanltg ae zb|ngmp# de- Zgmbc Da`g © ??4 b-

Pfg zaultlam lm pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b zbbibzf ?# lt `gtlimg` lm pfg clifp ae @bmltf

Gwazgbm Wmlam cby bm` lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt bm` ybt cbtp gulgyg` lm ?:2?-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt ma twotpbmplug dfbmigt pa pfg zaultlam-

Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b zbbibzf ?# zaoboc| lmdcw`gt ulpwbcc| gug| damplowplam pa b

zgtam wm`g 26 lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam ea pfg zwzatg ae gvzcalpbplam ae pfbp zgtam-

Lm a`g pa pbigp pfg lmuacugngmp ae b zgtam wm`g 26 lmuacug` lm zatplpwplam# yfldf

`agt map fbzzgm ylpf pfg zwzatg ae gvzcalpbplam ae pfbp zgtam# zazatlmi Dlnlmbc

Da`g Dawmdlc# b mgy zaultlam ea pfg zwmltfngmp ae pfg zgtam yfa damplowpgt pa b

zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt biblmtp zb|ngmp a zanltg ae zb|ngmp fbt tgvwbc gcbplamt

ylpf b dclgmp- Pfg zaultlam zazatg` eanwcbpg` zbbccgc pa pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?47 b#

zbbibzf 2# lm damplowplmi pa b zgtam cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt ae zbpldlzbplmi lm b

zgeanbmdg ylpf zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt# de- lm Dfbzpg ?:# Tgdplam 0# ogcay- Pfg

zaultlam pfggo| damplmwgt lm na`gmltg` ean bm` ylpf gib` pa zgtamt wm`g 26

|gbt pfg tfbg ae pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ??6# zbbibzf ?# yfldf gcbpgt pa zgtamt wm`g ?2

|gbt ae big bg map daugg` o| pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b# zbbibzf ?- am fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi-



Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt pfg tbng tgmpgmdg lm pfg mgy zaultlam am

zbpldlzbplam pa b zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt biblmtp zb|ngmp a zanltg ae zb|ngmp fbt

tgvwbc gcbplamt ylpf b dclgmp# bt pfg gda`lmi ae zamaibzfld zfapaibzft# gpd- ae b

zgtam wm`g 26 bm` ea damplowplmi pa b zgtam wm`g 26 |gbt ae zbpldlzbplmi lm b

zgeanbmdg ylpf zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt# tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ?4: bm` © ?47 bzbbibzf- 2- l-g- elmg a lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 5 |gbt- Pfg geggmdg lt nb`g lm pflt

gib` pa Dfbzpg ?:# Tgdplam 0

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fggylpf lnzapbmdg pa oapf © ?4: bm` © ?47 b zbbibzf- 2#

bm` pfg zazatg` mgy zaultlam gcbpgt pa zbpldlzbplam ea zgazcg wm`g 26 |gbt wtg`

ea tgvwbc bdplulplgt# gtzgdplugc|# pfg za`wdplam ae zamaibzfld zfapaibzft bm`

elcnt# zbpldlzbplmi lm zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt bm` lmuacugngmp lm zatplpwplam-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc bcta mapgt pfbp pfg zgmbcp| ae lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 5 |gbt

nggpt pfg grwlgngmp lm ?:22.@lgdplug &yfldf bzzclgt pa @gmnbh, ea b nbvlnwnzgmbcp| ae b nlmlnwn lnzltamngmp ae wz pa 7 |gbt ea gdwlpngmp# gpd- ae zgazcg aug

pfg big ae damtgmp ea zatplpwplam- @lgdplug grwlgngmpt ea b tgmpgmdg ae bp cgbtp

lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 6 |gbt ea gdwlpngmp# gpd- ae zgtamt wm`g pfg big ae damtgmp

ea zatplpwplam lt pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt ngp pa`b|# tlmdg gdwlpngmp gpd-

ae b zgtam wm`g pfg big ae damtgmp ea zatplpwplam bcta damtplpwpg b ulacbplam ae Zgmbc

Da`g © ???# lmdcw`lmi zwtwbmp pa © © ??0 bm` ??7# boawp tgvwbc gcbplamt ylpf b dflc`

wm`g 27# pfg manbc zgmbcp| lt lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 6 |gbt-

5-?-4- Ylpf gib` pa pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zbpldlzbplam lm pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt#

yfgg pfg zatplpwpgt big` 26 |gbt bm` yfgg pfgg lt ma wtg ae eadg# ebw`# gpd- lm

a`g pa gvzcalp pfg zatplpwplam# pfg eaccaylmi Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc elm`t lp lnzapbmp

pa mapg pfbp# yfgg bzzazlbpg# lt pa dlnlmbcltg zbpldlzbplam lm bm apfgyltg zgublc

owtlmgtt- Pfgg ylcc lm`gg` og pbchlmi boawp tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam ae tzgdleld bdpt bm`

map am gtzamtlolclp| pa da.azgbplam bepg Zgmbc Da`g © ?4

Bepg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp twdf dlnlmbcltbplam ae zbpldlzbplam lm apfgt

uacwmpb| zatplpwplam# yfgg bzzazlbpg# tggh pa zapgdp zatplpwpgt ean gvzcalpbplam-

Lp lt bcta lnzapbmp pa mapg pfbp pfg nag gvpgmtlug pfg zattlocg dlnlmbcltbplam ae

zbpldlzbplam lm apfgt uacwmpb| zatplpwplam ogdangt# pfg nag `leeldwcp lp ylcc og payah bt b zatplpwpg- Pfgg nb| gugmpwbcc| og b obcbmdlmi ae pfg lmpggtpt ae pfg

uacwmpb| zatplpwplam lt zwmlplug bm` tfawc` og gvgdltg` wm`g gbtambocg dam`lplamt#

bm` damtl`gbplam ea pfg gvzcalpbplam ae pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt tfawc` og danobpg`-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc mapgt ea pfg tbhg ae danzcgpgmgtt# pfbp /uacwmpb|

zatplpwplam/ lm pflt dampgvp tfawc` og tggm lm dampbtp pa pfg dbtgt `ltdwttg` lm tgdplam

5-?-2 boaug# yfgg tangamg o| eadg a ebw`# gpd- lmuacwmpblc| ogdangt b zatplpwpg-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bybg pfbp b zgtam)t cleg tlpwbplam nb| og twdf pfbp pfg|

eggc danzgccg` pa zatplpwpg pfgntgcugt pa igp namg|- Lp nb|# ea gvbnzcg og b `wi

b``ldp yfa mgg`t namg| pa ow| `wit# yfldf fg gclgt am# a bm lccgibc lnnlibmp yfa

`agt map fbug apfg tawdgt ae lmdang- Bcpfawif twdf /eadg`/ &yfldf lt lm pfg cleg



tlpwbplam, lmfggmpc| dbmmap og ̀ lgdpc| dawmpgg` dlnlmbc &bt pfgg nb| og bzzalmpg`

b gtzamtlocg zgzgpbpa,# lmdcw`g` lm pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gbplam pfbp

tang ae pfg zatplpwpgt yfa bg mglpfg eadg` a pldhg` gpd-# ogdbwtg ae pfgl cleg

tlpwbplam lm igmgbc dbm og ug| ygbh bm` pfggeag mgg` zapgdplam ean gvzcalpbplam-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ean pfgtg damtl`gbplamt gtzgdlbcc| damtl`glmi fay

zatplpwplam tfawc` og aibmltg`# bm` pa yfbp gvpgmp bm` wm`g yfbp dam`lplamt apfg

tfawc` og bocg pa bttltp ylpf ewmdplamt lm gcbplam pa zatplpwplam &gvbnzcg- Zgnltgt#

pgcgzfamg tguldg# gdgzplam# b`ugpltlmi# gpd-,-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt dang eayb` pa zatplpwplam owtlmgtt awp ae pfbp amg

zatplpwpg wmt fg aym owtlmgtt bcamg tfawc` og aibmltg` bt bm grwbc dannwmlp| ae

tgugbc zatplpwpgt-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp lm apfg aibmltbplambc eant bg bp flif lth

ae gvzcalpbplam ae zatplpwpgt# bm` pfbp pfg mgg` pa zgugmp twdf gvzcalpbplam awpyglift

pfg mgg` pa zaul`g zatplpwpgt egg`an pa aibmltg pfgntgcugt bt pfg| yltf-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt pfbp zatplpwplam tfawc` og zwmltfbocg le pfgg lt bm

grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|-

Twdf b mgy zgmbcp| zaultlam yawc` cbigc| nblmpblm pfg dwgmp zgmbcp| zaultlam ea

hggzlmi b oapfgc &© ??6# zbbibzf 2# Ma- 4, bm` pa tang gvpgmp pfg gvltplmi zgmbcp|

zaultlam pa zanapg tgvwbc lnnabclp| o| ea zaelp a egrwgmpc| gzgbpg` dbtgt pfbp

addw bt bm lmpgng`lb| bm` pa gvzcalp tangamg gctg gmibig lm tgvwbc lnnabclp| &©

??<# zbbibzf 2,-

Twdf b mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam# faygug# ylcc og mgwpbc lm pgnt ae fay zatplpwplam

owtlmgtt nag aibmltg`# bm` ylcc pfggeag bzzc| ylpfawp gib` pa yfgpfg pfg dbtg

ae oapfgc zatplpwplam# ob zatplpwplam# gtdap zatplpwplam a tpggp zatplpwplam-

Oapfgc Zatplpwplam lt dfbbdpgltg` o| bbmig` aant yfgg dwtpangt dbm bzzabdf

bm` fbug tgv ylpf b zatplpwpg- Ob zatplpwplam lt dfbbdpgltg` twdf pfbp dwtpangt

clhg iwgtpt am tlpg dbm nbhg dampbdp ylpf b zatplpwpg- Pfgg nb| pfwt og b tnaapf

pbmtlplam ogpyggm oapfgc zatplpwplam bm` ob zatplpwplam &le pfg tgvwbc gcbplamtflz

ialmi am lm pfg aant mgvp pa pfg awpcgp,- Gtdap Zatplpwplam lt lm dampbtp dfbbdpgltg`

o| pfg dwtpangt dbm dbcc b zatplpwpg# yfa pfgm nggpt pfg dwtpang bp bm bigg`

cadbplam# zattloc| bp fang ylpf pfg dwtpang- Elmbcc|# tpggp zatplpwplam dfbbdpgltg`

o| pfg dwtpangt am pfg tpggp dbm nbhg dampbdp ylpf b zatplpwpg-

Ea bcc zatplpwplam eant bg pfbp pfgg nb| og b nbtpgnlm` yfa aibmltgt pfg

danzbm|# bm` lp lt pflt nbtpgnlm` beegdpg` o| pfg zazatg` mgy zgmbcp| zaultlam-

Pfg zaultlam yawc` pfwt ebng pfg natp tglawt dbtgt ae pfatg yfa pa`b| lt `lul`g`

ogpyggm pfg nag tplmigmp zadwlmi zaultlam ae © ??6# zbbibzf- 2 &zgmbcp|;



lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt, bm` pfg nlc`g zlnzlmi olcc lm © ??<# zbbibzf- 2

&zgmbcp|; lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 4 |gbt a wm`g gvpgmwbplmi dldwntpbmdgt elmgt,-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc pfggeag zazatgt b nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ae lnzltamngmp ea wz

pa 0 |gbt &dagtzam`lmi pa pfg dwgmp zadwlmi zaultlam ae © ??6# zbbibzf- 2, ae

pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt yfgg pfgg lt bm grwbc

zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt lmuacug` lm pfg danzbm|- Elmgt ylcc map og zbp ae

pfg zgmbcp|# owp pfg zgmbcp| ylcc ea zbpldlzbmpt &de- gnzca|ggt lm pfg danzbm|, dawc`

og g`wdg`# lmdcw`lmi elmg gvbnzcg ea pfatg yfa amc| yltfg` nb`g b cgtt twotpbmplbc

bttltpbmdg zwtwbmp pa © ?4 zbbibzf 2# tgdplam ?-

Bt bcta ngmplamg` boaug# pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt

yfgg pfgg lt bm grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|#

bt b tpbplmi twotpbmdg pa yfbp pfg cby gib`g` bt dlnlmbc oapfgct gpd-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t zazatbc# lp lt lmpgm`g` pa b`kwtp pfg oawm`b| ogpyggm

zwmlplug bm` dlnlmbc zatplpwplam owtlmgtt# ta pfbp zatplpwpgt fbug b clppcg nag

azzapwmlp| pa aibmltg pfgntgcugt lmpa bm gdamanld dannwmlp| pfbm dlnlmbc cby lt

clhgc| pa bccay ea pa`b|-

Pfwt lp lt ylpf pfg pgn /grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg

danzbm|/ lmpgm`g` pa bccay pfbp tgugbc zatplpwpgt bigg am b ebl ̀ ltplowplam ae

lmdang bm` gvzgm`lpwg lm pfg zatplpwplam owtlmgtt# gugm le lp ngbmt pfbp amg a nag

zatplpwpgt) gbmlmit fbug gdamanld lnzapbmdg pa amg a nag apfg zatplpwpgt lm pfg

danzbm|-

Faygug# pfgg lt amc| b nlma b`kwtpngmp ae pfg oawm`b| ogpyggm zwmlplug bm`

dlnlmbc zatplpwplam owtlmgtt- Pfwt lp lt ylpf pfg pgn /grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg

zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|/ yflcg zazgc| wm`g pfg zwmltfbocg bgb pa

lmdcw`g dbtgt yfgg amg ae pfg zatplpwpgt bdp bt nbmbig lm gcbplam pa pfg apfg

zatplpwpgt# map pa pbch boawp pfg dbtg# yfgg pfg danzbm| lt fgb`g` o| b zgtam yfa lt

map gnzca|g` bt b zatplpwpg lm pflt-

Bcpfawif pfg Zgmbc Da`g dwgmpc| ̀ agt map ewcc| zaul`g pfgtg azzapwmlplgt ea nag

zatplpwpgt lnzwmlp| aibmltg pfgntgcugt lmpa bm gdamanld dannwmlp|# lt zatgdwplmizbdpldg# faygug# pfbp zatgdwplam ea ulacbplam ae © ??6# zbbibzf- 2# Ma- 4# pa hggz

pfg oapfgc pa`b| amc| fbzzgmt le pfgg lt b nbtpgnlm`- Gugm bepg pfg Zgmbc Da`g

Dawmdlc zazatbct ea b`kwtplmi pfg oa`g ogpyggm zwmlplug bm` dlnlmbc zatplpwplam

owtlmgtt ylcc gtzgdp pfbp pa`b| bdpwbcc| zatgdwpg` bm` zwmltfg`# damplmwg pa og

zwmltfg`-

Pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t zazatbc nbhgt lp pfggeag dbmmap glpfg ogdang gbtlg a

nag `leeldwcp lm pfg ewpwg pa zaug dlnlmbc zatplpwplam owtlmgtt- Yfbp lt may

grwlg` pa zaug pfbp tangamg /hggzt oapfgc/# ylcc og gmplpcg` dcatgc| dagtzam` pa

yfbp lt may grwlg` pa zaug pfbp bm| /`lug zatplpwplam owtlmgtt yfgg pfgg lt bm



grwbc dannwmlp| ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg owtlmgtt/ Lm ewpwg# pfg tbng

bttgttngmp ae pfg gul`gmdg# faygug# bcta og oawifp lm dbtgt lmuaculmi zatplpwplam

bdplulp| pfbp pbhgt zcbdg apfgyltg pfbm bt oapfgct-

5-?-0- Ogtl`gt pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt yfgg

pfgg lt bm grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|#

zazatgt Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc pa nblmpblm pfg dwgmp dlnlmbcltbplam ae &apfg, wtg

tangamg gctg)t zaegttlam ae zatplpwplam-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc pfggeag elm`t pfbp natp twiigtp pfbp lp gugm le pfgg lt mglpfg

dagdlam# ebw` a apfg wm`wg lmecwgmdg# tfawc` gnblm b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pa wtg

tangamg gctg)t danngdlbc zatplpwplam o| nag `wbocg pa gdglug b tfbg ae pfg

zatplpwpgt) gbmlmit ylpfawp gdlzlgmp fbt b cgibc a mbpwbc grwlgngmp ae pflt-

Pflt lnzclgt lm zbpldwcb pfbp pfg bdpwbc zaelpt ean zatplpwplam tplcc map cgibc lm yfacg

a lm zbp# nb| bddwg pa bm| zgtam apfg pfbm pfg zgtam a zatplpwpgt pfgntgcugt-

Pfg gvgdltg ylcc bcta gvltp le pfg zatplpwpgt zb|lmi b tlimleldbmpc| flifg zldg ea b

tguldg pfbm pfg zldg pfatg apfgt nwtp zb|# a bt apfgyltg nb| og `ggng` ebl a

gbtambocg- Gvbnzcgt lmdcw`g gmpbc ae aant ea aug pfg nbhgp zldg-

Faygug# lp ylcc damplmwg# lm pfg botgmdg ae dagdlam# ebw` a apfg wm`wg lmecwgmdg# og

cgibc ean b zatplpwpg pa gdglug nblmpgmbmdg# bt pfg zatplpwpgt bg cgibcc| aoclibpg` pa

zaul`g &tzawtg bm` dflc`gm,# a yfgg# faygug# bt igmgbcc| wm`gtpaa` lt b mbpwbc

aoclibplam &gvbnzcg b zbpmg# zbgmpt a tloclmit `gzgm`lmi am pfg dldwntpbmdgt,- Lm

pfg botgmdg ae dagdlam# ebw` a apfg wm`wg lmecwgmdg# lp yawc` ea gvbnzcg damplmwgpa og zgnlttlocg ea b zbpmg pa b zatplpwpg `gzgm`gmp am fln# a pa b mam.dafbolplmi

zbpmg pa b zatplpwpg gdglulmi giwcb ilept-

Clhg pa`b|# lp ylcc lm oa`gclmg dbtgt `gzgm` am b tzgdleld bttgttngmp ae pfg

gcbplamtflz ogpyggm pfg zbplgt# b elmbmdlbcc| ogmgelp ean b zatplpwpg ea bmapfg

zgtam fbt b gbtambocg gvzcbmbplam a gtzamtg lt pfg wtg ae pfg gdlzlgmp- Lm pfbp

gib` bcta# pfg zaultlam grwlgt lmpgmp# lmdcw`lmi ylpf gtzgdp pa pfg gdglug`

gdamanld ogmgelp lt ewm`g` o| gbmlmit ean zatplpwplam- Lp bcta mapg` pfbp /wtg/

grwlgt pfbp pfg gdlzlgmp fbt beegdpg` pfg zatplpwpgt pa zaul`g gdamanld ogmgelp-

Twdf geegdpt yawc` lm pfg dldwntpbmdgt dawc` og lnzclg`# owp pfg zwgc| zbttlug

gdgzplam ean b zatplpwpg ae b zaplam ae flt gbmlmit lt map twokgdp pa dlnlmbcltbplam-

Pfgg lt pfwt ma rwgtplam ae dlnlmbcltbplam lm clmg ylpf gdglulmi tpacgm iaa`t bepg pfg

Zgmbc Da`g © ?<:# tgg biblm pfbp zatplpwplam bt twdf lt zwmltfbocg- Bmapfg pflmi lt pfbp

le amg zgtam &b hlmi.zlm, fbt wtg` b zatplpwpg am dlnlmbc yb|# bmapfg zgtam)t

twotgrwgmp wmbwpfaltg` gdgzplam . lmdcw`lmi zwgc| zbttlug gdgzplam . b zbp ae pfg

zb|nbtpg `lul`gm` og zwmltfg` bt gdglulmi tpacgm iaa`t# le pfgg lt ma wtwbc

nblmpgmbmdg ean ebnlc| ngnogt a zbpmg a manbc gnwmgbplam ea a`lmb|

damtwng iaa`t# wplclp| lpgnt a tguldgt-



Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt pfbp pfg zgmbcp| ea pfg zaultlam apfgyltg wtg

tangamg gctg)t danngdlbc zatplpwplam tfbcc og b elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa ? |gbt-

Pfg lmdcwtlam ae pfg elmg lm manbc zgmbcp| bpfg pfbm b nlplibplmi zbig zwmltfbocg bt

lm pfg dwgmp © ??<# zbbibzf 2# lt amc| bm gvzgttlam ae b pgdfmldbcc| kwtplelg`

tlnzcleldbplam lm clmg ylpf pfg dagtzam`lmi dfbmigt lm ?::0 ygg b`azpg` o| bcc apfgzaultlamt ae pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g ae nlplibplmi zbig tgmpgmdgt ylpf elmgt- Pfg zazatbc pa

g`wdg pfg nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ean 4 |gbt pa ? |gbt danzbg` pa pfg dwgmp © ??<#

zbbibzf 2# zbpldwcbc| lm clifp ae pfg natp tglawt wtg dbtgt ea Dlnlmbc Dawmdlc

zazatbc ylcc og daugg` o| pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam

owtlmgtt# yfldf zazatg` b nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ae lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt-

5-?-7- Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc twiigtpt pfbp ogtl`g pfg zazatg` zgmbcp| zaultlamt am

zatplpwplam bm` gvzcalpbplam bcta ae tangamg gctg)t zaegttlam ae zatplpwplam ̀ agt map

nblmpblm b tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam ae lmpgng`lb| owtlmgtt-

Danngdlbc lmpgng`lb| owtlmgtt twdf lm pfg ean ae bm awpcgp bm|yfgg

`lttgnlmbplam ae ob zatplpwplam a lm pfg ean ae zaultlam ae gtdap zatplpwplam bepg

Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t zazatbc og daugg` o| pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am

zatplpwplam owtlmgtt . bm` pfwt b fgbulg zgmbcp| zaultlam pfbm pfg dwgmp zaultlam

ae ng`lbplam lm Zgmbc Da`g © ??<# zbbibzf 2-

Mam.danngdlbc lmpgng`lb| owtlmgtt ylcc dampbtp pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t

zazatbc ma camig og lm`gzgm`gmpc| dlnlmbcltg`- Pflt dagtzam`t pa pfg cgibc

tlpwbplam ogeag 2<52# owp bcta pa zatgdwpg zbdpldg lm pfg zbtp tgugbc |gbt# pfg

zatgdwpa lm zbdpldg dfbig biblmtp pfg zgazcg yfa aym mam.danngdlbc fbt

ebdlclpbpg` dampbdp ogpyggm b zatplpwpg bm` b dwtpang- Gugm bepg pfg Zgmbc Da`g

Dawmdlc zazatbc ylcc gtzgdp pfbp pa`b| bdpwbcc| zatgdwpg` bm` zwmltfg`# damplmwg pa

og zwmltfg`-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bybg pfbp pfg kwtpleldbplam ea dlnlmbcltbplam lm 2<52 o|

mam.danngdlbc lmpgng`lb| danzbm| &le lp fbzzgmg` biblmtp zb|ngmp a egrwgmpc|

gzgbpg` dbtgt, ybt naplubpg` o| pfg damtl`gbplam ae b g`wdplam lm zatplpwplam ylpf

lpt fwnbm bm` tadlbc damtgrwgmdgt zanltg` pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae bdpt yfldf

tlimleldbmpc| ebdlclpbpgt zatplpwplam- Pfgg ygg bcta gegt pa pfg ̀ leeldwcp| ae zaulmipfbp b zbdpldg` lmpgng`lb| owtlmgtt ybt owtlmgtt-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg Dlnlmbc Dawmdlc pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae zbpldlzbplam lm apfgt

uacwmpb| zatplpwplam# faygug# bt ngmplamg` pa`b| bln pa zapgdp zatplpwpgt ean

gvzcalpbplam- Lp tfawc` map og b tzgdleld aokgdplug ae dlnlmbcltbplam pa clnlp pfg tdazg ae

pfg uacwmpb| zatplpwplam bt nwdf bt zattlocg- Le pfg cgugc ae uacwmpb| zatplpwplam pa

og clnlpg`# tfawc` lp ta fbzzgm pfawif tadlbc bdplam bm` map pfawif dlnlmbcltbplam-

Lm b``lplam# lp bp cgbtp rwbmplpbplugc| fb`c| fbug nwdf lnzbdp am pfg cgugc ae uacwmpb|

zatplpwplam le# ea gvbnzcg b fapgc bt b /tguldg/ pa iwgtpt wzam grwgtp zaul`g zfamgmwnogt a b``gttgt ae zatplpwpgt-



Pfgg ylcc lmfggmpc| og b tnaapf pbmtlplam ogpyggm twdf addbtlambc /lmeanbplam

tguldg/ bm` b daccboabplam ogpyggm gvbnzcg b fapgc bm` dgpblm zatplpwpgt# yfldf

ngbmt pfbp pfg fapgc bdpwbcc| `lug pfg zatplpwplam owtlmgtt- Pfg cbppg ylcc og daugg`

o| pfg zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt . bm` pfwt b fgbulg

zgmbcp| zaultlam pfbm pfg dwgmp zaultlam ae ng`lbplam lm Zgmbc Da`g © ??<#zbbibzf 2- Pfg eang `leegt faygug lm gbclp| map ean pfg tbcg ae bùgpltlmi

tzbdg lm zlmpg` a gcgdpamld ng`lb ea zatplpwplam owtlmgttgt# yfldf bcgb`| lt cgibc

&yfgm pfgg lt ma lmuacugngmp ae apfgt zadwlmi a zlnzlmi,-

Lm b``lplam# bùgpltlmi a ng`lbplam ylpf zatplpwpgt yfa à map yah bcamg a lm bm

grwbc zbpmgtflz ylpf apfg zatplpwpgt# lm pfg dldwntpbmdgt lt zwmltfbocg bt

zbpldlzbplam lm b ogbdf ae pfg zazatg` mgy zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt- Pflt

ylcc og pfg dbtg le pfg bmmawmdgngmp a dannwmldbplam nb`g lm biggngmp ylpf

zatplpwplam danzbm| a bm| zgtam bdplmi am zatplpwplam ogfbce ae pfg danzbm| &ea

gvbnzcg# pfg lm`lul`wbc zatplpwpgt,# bm` pfg bùgpltg a gpblcg fbt lmpgmplambcc| ylpfgtzgdp pa pfg zatplpwplam owtlmgtt lt map aibmltg` bt bm grwbc dannwmlp| ogpyggm

pfg zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bybg pfbp pfg lmpgmp grwlgngmp lm nbm| dbtgt lm zbdpldg

ylcc gvdcw`g dlnlmbc clbolclp| lm twdf tlpwbplamt# ogdbwtg pfgg ylcc map og lmpgmplambc a

`gclogbpg dgpblmc| ylcc map og zaug`- Pflt dagtzam`t pa pfg tlpwbplam pa`b|# yfgg

danzbmlgt tgcc b` tzbdg pa zatplpwplam owtlmgttgt# lm zbdpldg# map zatgdwpg`# bcpfawif

zaoboc| lm tang dbtgt aokgdplugc| pbch boawp lmuacugngmp lm zadwlmi a zlnzlmi-

Yfgm lp lt mamgpfgcgtt gcgubmp lm pflt dampgvp pa ngmplam pfg dlnlmbc mbpwg ae pfg

grwgtp ae bùgpltg a geg dclgmpt pa b zatplpwplam owtlmgtt azgbpg` wm`g b

dannam dannbm`# lp lt ogdbwtg lm pfg nag tzgdleld dannwmldbplam gugmp &bt azzatg`

pa bùgpltlmi,# yfgg ae bt b fapgc olmit pa zatplpwpgt# aug plng# nb| og b tlpwbplam

yfgg pfg fapgc fbt twdf b damdgpg hmaycgìg ae fay pfg zatplpwplam owtlmgtt lt

aibmltg` pa damplmwg geglmi dclgmpt pa pflt zaugm yawc` damtplpwpg lmpgmplambc

damplowplam pa dlnlmbc zatplpwplam owtlmgtt-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlct zazatbc zaul`gt ma azzapwmlp| ea pfg owtlmgtt na`gc pa

fbug pfbp geg dwtpangt pa zatplpwpgt yfa à map yah bcamg a lm bm grwbczbpmgtflz ylpf apfg zatplpwpgt- Bt ngmplamg` boaug# bcgb`| b tlmicg gegbc ae b

dclgmp pa b zatplpwpg# yfgg bzzazlbpg og zwmltfbocg bt zbpldlzbplam lm b ogbdf ae

pfg zazatg` mgy cgiltcbplam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt# le pfg lmpgng`lb| fbt pfg

grwlg` hmaycgìg bt pa fay zatplpwplam owtlmgtt lt aibmltg`-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt bybg pfbp b zaegttlambc lmpgng l̀b| danzbm| a

zbpldlzbplmi lm dlnlmbc zatplpwplam owtlmgtt bt pfg dbtg nb| og `leeldwcp pa zaug-

Yfgm pfg Dawmdlc `gtzlpg pflt tplcc fbt map eawm` iawm`t ea zazatlmi pa damplmwg pfg

gvltplmi tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam ae dgpblm dbtgt ae mam.danngdlbc lmpgng`lb|

danzbm|# lp lt ogdbwtg oapf ae pfgtg dam`lplamt ae zacamig` zatgdwplam zbdpldgt bg



map zatgdwpg`# bm` pfbp dlnlmbcltbplam bcta lmdcw`gt zgtamt yfa zatplpwpgt wtg bt

fgcz bm` zapgdplam-

Bt gvbnzcgt nb| og ngmplamg` pfg ta.dbccg` /`aa ilct/# ea gvbnzcg bmtygt

pgcgzfamg bm` ! a gdgzplam ae amg a nag zatplpwpgt# bm` `lugt ae pfg gtdap

zatplpwpgt bm` bcta bdpt bt zapgdplam bm` pfggeag zattloc| bcta pfg amg gtzamtlocg

ea pfg lmlplbc dampbdp ylpf pfg dwtpang bm` bddgzpt zb|ngmp gpd-

Lm bdda`bmdg ylpf cgmipf| lm`ldpngmp zbdpldg# twdf /fgczgt/ pfbp nbhg lp gbtlg bm`

tbeg pa yah bt b zatplpwpg# map zwmltfg` tlnzc| ogdbwtg pfg| zgean twdf bwvlclb|

pbtht gcbpg` pa apfgt) uacwmpb| zatplpwplam-

Clhg pa`b|# twdf zgtamt apfg fbm`# yawc` og zwmltfbocg le lp dbm og zaug` pfbp pfg|

&bm` map pfg zgtam a zatplpwpgt lm bm grwbc dannwmlp|, `lugt b zatplpwplam

owtlmgtt pfbp pfg| yah ea pfg nbtpgnlm` yfa wmt zatplpwplam owtlmgtt &bm` map ea

pfg zgtam a zatplpwpgt lm bm grwbc dannwmlp|,# a pfbp pfg| gdglug b

`ltzazaplambpgc| flif gnwmgbplam ea pfgl yah-

5-?-5- Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt damtl`gg` yfgpfg pfgg tfawc` og nblmpblmg` b

tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam ae gmplmi awp b aan lm b fapgc a lmm ea danngdlbc

zatplpwplam# zwtwbmp pa Zgmbc Da`g © ??<# zbbibzf- ? Pfg zaultlam lt lnzapbmp ea

gmpbc bp pfg wtwbc zldg- _gmpbc ae aant ea zatplpwplam pa b ̀ ltzazaplambpgc| flif

zldg lt twokgdp pa pfg tpldpg zgmbcp| dcbwtg Zgmbc Da`g zazatg` o| pfg Dawmdlc

nblmpblmg` pfg wtg ae tangamg gctg)t zaegttlam ae zatplpwplam-

Bepg cgmipf| lm`ldpngmp zbdpldg zatgdwpg` ulacbplamt ae pfg zaultlam igmgbcc| map-

Gvdgzplamt addw# faygug# de- lm zbpldwcb PeH- ?:2:-<75 Ö# yfgg pfg bddwtg` ybt

tgmpgmdg` pa 5 nampft) lnzltamngmp bm` dameltdbpg` 4-4 nlcclam H- ea ulacbplam ae

pflt zaultlam-

Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy# pfg mgg` ea pflt dlnlmbcltbplam ae cgpplmi aant

bp pfg wtwbc bpg ea danngdlbc zatplpwplam lt map cbig- Pfg zaultlam lt amc|

bzzcldbocg pa pfg cgpplmi ae uacwmpb| zatplpwplam# bt cbm`ca` ae pfg aant fbt map

aibmltg`- Le pfg cbm`ca` ae pfg aant fbt aibmltg` zatplpwplam# ogmgelp bpla ae pfg

zazatg` mgy dlnlmbc zaultlam am zatplpwplam owtlmgtt-

B ̀ gdlnlmbcltbplam# faygug# ylcc bccay pfg fapgclg zbpldwcbc| ̀ gtlimg` pa

t|tpgnbpldbcc| gmpbc &bp pfg wtwbc zldg lm bmapfg dampgvp, ae aant lm danngdlbc

zatplpwplam- Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc Biblmtp pflt obdhiawm` map eawm` tweeldlgmp

iawm`t pa zazatg pa gzgbc Zgmbc Da`g © ??<# zbbibzf ?-

5-?-9- Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt bcta damtl`gg` yfgpfg pfgg tfawc` og nblmpblmg`

b tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam ae tg`wdg tangamg lmpa zatplpwplam ylpfawp lmpgmp pa wtg#

tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ??6# zbbibzf 2# Ma- 2



Pfg zaultlam fbt b mbay tdazg# yfldf lt bttwng` pa og pfg gbtam yf| lp lt bgc| a

mgug wtg` lm zbdpldg-

Pa og daugg` o| pflt zaultlam tfbcc aeegm`g am pfg amg fbm` /gmpldg/ tangamg# lg- wtg

ae ebctg zgpgmdgt a tlnlcb lnzazg zadg`wg# bm` am pfg apfg fbm` lp nwtp map og

`amg lm a`g pfbp pfg aeegm`g a b pfl` zbp| aopblmt b elmbmdlbc ogmgelp# ogdbwtg lm

pfbp dbtg lm zbdpldg ylcc og pbchlmi boawp fwnbm oglmit# yfldf lt b nwdf nag tglawt

dlng-

Pfg zaultlam yawc` zaoboc| ylpfawp ̀ bnbig dawc` og gzgbcg` bt wmmgdgttb| lm

zbdpldg# owp Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt map eawm` tweeldlgmp iawm`t pa kwtple| nbhlmi b

zazatbc-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc twiigtpt# faygug# pfbp zgmbcp| tfbcc og bt ea wtg lm igmgbc ae

tangamg gctg)t danngdlbc zatplpwplam# lg- pa b elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa ? |gbt-

Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy gecgdpt pflt tgmpgmdg ogppg pfbm pfg dwgmp

nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ae lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt gcbplamtflz dwczbolclp| lm

danzbltam ylpf zatplpwplam &yfgg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt pa bzzc| pfg zgmbcp|

ae lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt, a ea pfg wtg lm igmgbc ae tangamg gctg)t

danngdlbc zatplpwplam-

5-?-6- Lm gtzgdp ae dlnlmbc lmdgbtlmi wcg ae Zgmbc Da`g © ?42 lm dgpblm gdl`lultn

mapg`# eltp# pfbp yflcg lm ac`g dlnlmbc cby fbt oggm b tpami pgm`gmd| pa tgp tpldpg

zbig tgmpgmdlmi ae glpfg nbm`bpa| a azplambc mbpwg blng` bp gzgbp aeegm`gt# zcb|t

twdf zaultlamt ma nbka acg lm na`gm @bmltf dlnlmbc cby-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt zgulawtc| gdanngm`g` pfbp lm igmgbc gvgdltg` gtpblmp

lm pfg wtg ae eanwcbplamt pfbp flifclifpt gaeegm`gt bt b zwmltfngmp lmdgbtlmi ebdpa#

de- _gzap Ma- 20?0!?::? am zgmbcplgt bm` zgmbcplgt zbig ?:9.?:6- Pfg Dawmdlc fbt

gegg` pa tgp b nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ea gbdf lccgibc bdp owp tfawc` og oamg lm nlm` pfbp

gzgplplam# lmdcw`lmi nwcplzcg gdwgmdgt- . nb| og b ebdp pfbp o| lptgce a lm

danolmbplam ylpf apfg tgmpgmdlmi ebdpat dbm cgb` pa zgmbcplgt boaug pfg manbc cgugc

ae pfg gdwgmdgt- Pfg Dawmdlc bcta zalmpg` awp pfbp pfgg lt bnzcg azzapwmlp| pa

dameg gzgplplam ewcc tlimleldbmdg ylpflm pfg igmgbc tgmpgmdlmi-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc gdanngm`t# pfggeag# pfbp pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?42 lt gzgbcg`-

Pfg Dawmdlc lt pfwt zbpldwcbc| lnzapbmp pfbp pfg igmgbc zgmbcp| bt pfg Dawmdlc

twiigtpt# lt ewcc| tweeldlgmp pa bcta lm gdl`lultn dbm og ngpg` awp bm bzzazlbpg

zwmltfngmp- Pfg Dawmdlc mapgt fggo| bcta © ?42# ylpf amg gvdgzplam map eawm` lm b

zlmpg` dbtg cby# bm` pfbp lm pfg kw`ingmp lm yfldf © ?42 ybt rwapg`# ybt tgmpgmdg` pa

2 ¾ |gbt lm zltam &yfgg pfg manbc zgmbcp| lt . bm` pfg Dawmdlc)t zazatbct ylcc

damplmwg pa og . 0 |gbt lm zltam,-

5-?-<- Zgmbc Da`g © © ??6 bm` ??< bg pfg zgzbbpa| yah ea pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g ae

2<4: bm` pfg bngm`ngmpt pa pfg Bdp lm 2<52 blng` bp zatplpwplam# lg- am tgvwbc



gcbplamtflz ylpf b dwtpang ea zb|ngmp a zanltg pfggae- Pfg zaultlamt bg

bzzclg` lm zbdpldg bdda`lmic|-

Lm clifp ae pfg aotgubplamt tlmdg 2<5< bt zbp ae pfg zaclpldbc pgbpngmp ae ublawt

cgiltcbplug zazatbct fbug oggm nb`g am pfg wm`gtpbm`lmi ae pfg pgn /tgvwbc

lnnabclp|/ lm Zgmbc Da`g © © ??6 bm` ??<# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gg`

yfgpfg pfg zazatg` na`gmltg` wcgt am pfg lmuacugngmp ae apfgt zatplpwplam

tfawc` og bzzcldbocg pa apfg /lnnabc/ dam`lplamt# lg- lm zbdpldg ae pfg za`wdplam ae

zamaibzfld zfapaibzft a elcnt gtzgdplugc| aibmltlmi zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt-

Bt gib`t pfg za`wdplam ae zamaibzfld zfapaibzft a elcnt a aibmltlmi

zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt lmuaculmi zgazcg wm`g 26 fbug dlnlmbc cby tlmdg ?:::

bm` ?::< dampblmg` tgzbbpg bm` gvfbwtplug dlnlmbc zaultlamt# tgg © © ?4: bm` ?47 b

bm` Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc `gclogbplamt am pflt lm Dfbzpg ?: ogcay-

Pfg lttwg ae pfg zattlocg wtg ae pfg zatplpwplam zaultlamt lm apfg /lnnabc/

gcbplamtflz pfbm zatplpwplam gcbpgt pa pa`b| bcamg za`wdplam ae zamaibzfld

zfapaibzft a elcnt gtzgdplugc| aibmltlmi zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt amc| ylpf pfg

zbpldlzbplam ae zgazcg aug 26 |gbt-

Bt tpbpg` boaug# Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt ma obtlt ea pfbp lm pfg `b|t wz pa b dgpblm

big &ea gvbnzcg ?2 |gbt, tfawc` og b tzgdlbc zapgdplam lm tgvwbc gtzgdp ae zgtamt

aug 26 |gbt# may lt pfg big ae nbkalp|- Pfg tpbm`b`t ea pfg zapgdplam ae |awmi

zgazcg biblmtp gvzcalpbplam bt zam na`gct# zwp eayb` lm 2<5<# bzzgbt wzam Pfg

Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlct ulgy pa`b| lt damtl`gg` pa og tbegiwb`g` o| pfatg zaultlamt ae pfg Zgmbc Da`g © © ?4: bm` ?47 b# bcpfawif pfgtg wcgt zaul`g ea b 26 .|gb big clnlp#

yfldf lm 2<5< bmmawmdg` b `gtlg pa zapgdp zgtamt wm`g ?2 ean oglmi wtg` bt zam

na`gct lm b owtlmgtt dampgvp-

Pfgg gnblmt amc| pfg rwgtplam ae pfg zattlocg wtg ae zatplpwplam# lm gcbplam pa bcc

zgtamt aug 26 yfa zbpldlzbpg lm zamaibzfld zfapaibzft# elcnt a zgeanbmdgt-

Bm bzzcldbplam ae pfg zazatg` zatplpwplam zaultlamt yawc` lmdcw`g b papbc obm am

danngdlbc za`wdplam ae zamaibzfld naulgt bm` aibmltlmi tgv tfayt# gvdgzp

yfgg pfgg ybt bm grwbc daccboabplam ogpyggm bcc pfg zgeangt lm pfg naulg atfay-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfgg lt ma obtlt ea lp# bm` pfg dwgmp

zatplpwplam cgiltcbplam fbt bcta map oggm wtg` lm gcbplam pa bm|pflmi apfg pfbm

zatplpwplam-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g © ?5? b ae fwnbm oglmit nwtp# lm pfg clifp ae lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt

bttwng` pa og wm`gtpaa` lm pfg tgmtg pfbp lp bcta lmdcw`gt dagdlam# ebw`# gpd- ea pfg

wtg o| b zgtam lm pfg za`wdplam ae zamaibzfld zfapaibzft a elcnt a aibmltlmi

zamaibzfld zgeanbmdgt-



Fgg# faygug# dagdlam a ebw #̀ gpd-# Bm` lp dbm og Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy# kwtple|

pfg dlnlmbcltbplam bcta lm gcbplam pa uacwmpb| zbpldlzbplam &pfatg aug 26 |gbt, lm

zamaibzfld zfapaibzft# elcnt a zgeanbmdgt- Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t

azlmlam# bg pfgg map fgg pfg tbng damtl`gbplamt bzzc| lm gcbplam pa zatplpwplam-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc pfggeag zazatgt pfbp pfg zazatg` mgy zatplpwplam zwocltfg`

cgiltcbplam eanwcbpg` ta pfbp lp lt dcgb pfbp pfg amc| damdgmt zatplpwplam# lg- tgvwbc

gcbplamtflz ylpf b dwtpang ea zb|ngmp a zanltg pfggae-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc mapgt pfbp pfg zazatg` zatplpwplam zaultlamt# yfgg

bzzazlbpg# ylcc bzzc| pa twdf b tgvwbc gcbplamtflz ylpf b dwtpang ea zb|ngmp a

zanltg ae twdf# gugm yfgg pfg tgvwbc gcbplamtflz lt pfg twokgdp ae zfapaibzf| a

elcnlmi a zbp ae b zamaibzfld zgeanbmdg-

5-?-2:- Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc elmbcc| damtl`gg` wm`g yfldf dfbzpg ae pfg Zgmbc

Da`g zgmbcp| zaultlamt am zatplpwpgt aug 26 |gbt t|tpgnbpldbcc| ogcamit- Lp nwtp og

mapg` pfbp pfg zaultlamt gcbplmi zatplpwpgt cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt lmdcw`g` lm pfg augbcc

zapgdplam ae zgtamt cgtt pfbm 26 ean tgvwbc bowtg bm` pfggeag t|tpgnbpldbcc|

dcgbc| ogcamit lm pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg ?0 am tgvwbc aeegmtgt-

Bt zgulawtc| ngmplamg`# pfg iawm`t bcta ea zwmltfngmp zaultlamt am zatplpwpgt

aug 26 |gbt ae Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc)t ulgy pa`b| og pfg mgg` pa zapgdp pfg

zatplpwpgt- Pflt tzgbht pa zcbdg pfgtg zgmbcp| zaultlamt lm b dfbzpg yfatg zapgdplam

lmpggtp lt zlnblc| pfg zapgdplam ae pfg lm`lul`wbc bpfg pfbm b dfbzpg &twdf bt-

Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg ?? am ogiilmi bm` nbcldlawt bdplulp|,# yfldf zapgdp pfg lmpggtp ae b nag igmgbc mbpwg- B cadbplam ae zgmbcp| zaultlamt ea zatplpwpgt aug 26 |gbt lm

pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dfbzpg ?? yawc`# yfgg bzzazlbpg# lm`ldbpg pfbp pfg zaultlamt ae pfg

igbpg tfawc` og damtl`gg` nag oab`c| bp tadlbc damtl`gbplamt-

Bepg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfg zapgdplam ae pfg lmpggtp zgmbcp|

zaultlamt gcbplmi pa zatplpwplam bcta taam og bttlimg` pa pfg zapgdplam ae zatplpwpgt)

tgvwbc egg`an# bpfg pfbm pfg zapgdplam ae zgtambc clogp| lm igmgbc a pfg

zapgdplam ae pfgl gdamanld lmpggtpt-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt pflt obdhiawm` pfbp bcta dlnlmbc zaultlam amzatplpwpgt aug 26 |gbt t|tpgnbpldbcc| natp aoulawt tplcc ogcami lm pfg Zgmbc Da`g

Dfbzpg ?0 am tgvwbc aeegmtgt-

5-4- Drlnlmbcltbplam ae zwrdfbtlmi tgv

5-4-2- Wm`g dwgmp cby# lp lt igmgbcc| cgibc pa zb| bmapfg ea b tgvwbc gcbplamtflz-

Lp ybt lm pfg zgla` 2<52.2<59 dlnlmbcltg` zb|lmi b zgtam wm`g ?2 |gbt ae b

fanatgvwbc gcbplamtflz &tgg pfg pfgm bzzcldbocg © ??7# zbbibzf- 0,# bm` lp fbt tlmdg

2<<< oggm b dlnlmbc aeegmtg pa zb| b zgtam wm`g 26 ea tgv# tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ??4 b



Bepg pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy# lp lt dcgb pfbp pfg zaflolplam biblmtp zb|ngmp ae

zgtamt cgtt pfbm 26 |gbt ae tgv tfawc` og nblmpblmg`- Pflt damdcwtlam bcta eaccayt

ean pfg @bmltf GW cby bm` lmpgmbplambc aoclibplamt-

Bepg Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlct ulgy tggnt bcta# ea b dampgnzab| bddawmp map pbch pa

`ltplmiwltf ogpyggm fgpgatgvwbc bm` fanatgvwbc zatplpwplam- Tlnlcbc|# pfg wcgt ea

egnbcg bm` nbcg zatplpwpgt pa og pfg tbng# bm` pflt bzzc| yfgpfg pfgg lt tlimleldbmpc|

nag egnbcg pfbm nbcg zatplpwpgt-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfgg lt ma gbtam pa tgp b flifg big clnlp pfbm

26 |gbt- Bwpfalp| big lt dwgmpc| 26 |gbt ac` bm` Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt map bocg

pa pgbp b`wcp wz pa b dgpblm big &gvbnzcg ?2 |gbt, ̀ leeggmpc| pfbm b`wcp zgtamt

boaug pfbp big-

Biblmtp pflt obdhiawm`# pfg nblm rwgtplam lt yfgpfg pfgg tfawc` og b igmgbc

zwmltfngmp tbmdplamg` obm am zb|lmi ea tgv- Lm pfg botgmdg ae twdf b igmgbc

zaflolplam# lp dbm ewpfg damtl`gg` yfgpfg pfgg tfawc` og b obm am zb|lmi ea tgv

lm dgpblm tlpwbplamt# ea gvbnzcg le pfg zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi a le pfg

zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae zadwlmi a zlnzlmi-

5-4-?- B obm am zb|lmi ea tgv yawc` lm`ldbpg pfbp bm bdplulp| pfbp lt apfgyltg cbyewc .

tgv ogpyggm damtgmplmi b`wcpt . bg zwmltfbocg le zb|ngmp lt nb`g-

Pflt ylcc lm lptgce og wmwtwbc# bt natp bdplulplgt bg glpfg zwmltfbocg bt twdf a cgibc#

yfgpfg pfg| bg dblg` awp egg ae dfbig a am zb|ngmp- Pfg cby lt hmaym bt tggmamc| b egy gvbnzcgt ae apfgyltg cbyewc bdpt bg zwmltfbocg le zb|ngmp lt nb`g ea lp-

Pflt lt pfg eltp tgvwbc lmpgdawtg bm` apfg tgvwbc bdpt ylpf b 27.29.|gb.ac`# yfldf

obtldbcc| lt cgibc# owp lt zwmltfbocg le lp lt àmg ea b egg# tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ??4 b bt

`gtdlog` lm Dfbzpg 27# tgdplam 2- ?# boaug# lmdcw`g` pfg zaflolplam lm pfg ublawt

lmpgmbplambc geeapt pa danobp tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam ae dflc`gm-

Lp lt pfgm aibm àmbplam# yfldf obtldbcc| lt cgibc# owp lt zwmltfbocg le lp lt àmg ea b egg

&zgmbcp| zaultlam lmdcw`gt oapf pfg zaul`g bm` pfg zgtam gdglulmi pfg zb|ngmp,#

tgg Fgbcpf Cby © ?56# zbbibzf- ? Pflt zaultlam damplmwgt pfg zgulawtc| gvltplmi ©?: zbbibzf- 4# lm lmrwgtp cby# yfldf dbng lmpa eadg am 2 Kwc| 2<<:- O| `beplmi

fltpa| ae pflt zaultlam nbhgt dcgb pfg gbtamt pa zwmltf amc| pfg eaccaylmi

&Eachgplmitpl`gm`g /Zbclbngmpb| Kawmbc/ 2<6<.<:# Bzzgm`lv B# dacwnm 4625,;

/Dlnlmbc clbolclp| &bm` pfg twotgrwgmp dameltdbplam ae pfg bnawmp gdglug`, ylcc tggh

pa dawmpgbdp pfbp lm @gmnbh addwt yfgg zgazcg gdglug namg| ea gvbnzcg pa

ilug b hl`mg| ea pbmtzcbmp/

Lp lt bcta pfg àmbplam ae fwnbm wmegplcltg` a egplcltg` giit# yfldf obtldbcc| lt cgibc#

owp lt zwmltfbocg wzam gdglzp ae zb|ngmp &zgmbcp| zaultlam àgt map lmdcw`g pfg



ow|g ae pfg gii,# de- bpleldlbc lmtgnlmbplam © ?<# tgg © 2? Zaultlam zadgtt `agt map

dampblm bm| `gpblcg` gbtamt pa zwmltf-

Bepg Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt b obm am zb|lmi ea tgv ylpf zgazcg aug 26 bg

map danzbbocg ylpf bm| ae pfg gvltplmi obm am pfg ilulmi a gdglulmi ae zb|ngmpt ea

bdplamt pfbp yawc` og cgibc le ma zb|ngmp ybt ibmpg`- Pflt bcta bzzclgt pa pfg obm am

zb|lmi ea tgv ylpf bm|amg wm`g 26# ogdbwtg pflt zaflolplam lmdcw`g` lm pfg augbcc

zapgdplam ae dflc`gm bm` |awmi zgazcg wm`g 26 ean tgvwbc gvzcalpbplam# gpd- bm`

pfggeag map gcgubmp pa pfg damtl`gbplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv ean zgtamt aug 26

|gbt-

Lm pfbp gib` bcta# pfg obmt am ow|lmi bm` tgcclmi ae aibmt bm` obm pfg tbcg ae fwnbm

giit pbigplmi bm bdplulp| bp pfg plng yfgm zaflolplam ybt lmpa`wdg`# ybt clhgc| map pa

addw lm zbdpldg- Pfg zaflolplamt ygg lmpa`wdg` pa p| pa zgugmp bm| ewpwg

`gugcazngmp payb`t pfg zwdfbtg bm` tbcg ae aibmt a tbcg ae fwnbm giit-

Lm dampbtp# pfg ow|lmi ae tgv bt bm bdplulp| ea b cami plng bm` cgilplnbpgc| addwg` pa b

tlimleldbmp gvpgmp-

Biblmtp pflt obdhiawm`# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t lmlplbc ulgy pfbp pfg lmpa`wdplam

ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv tfawc` bttwng pfbp yglifp| kwtpleldbplam ea twdf b obm-

5-4-4- Tyg`gm lmpa`wdg` lm 2<<< bt pfg eltp dawmp| lm pfg yac` igmgbcc| zaflolpt

pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv ylpfawp pfg tbcg ae tgv ybt dlnlmbcltg`# eaccayg` o| Mayb| bm`

Ldgcbm` lm ?::<- Pfg gbtam ea pflt igmgbc zaflolplam am pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv fbt oggmzbpldwcbc| pa danobp zatplpwplam o| dwpplmi ̀ gnbm`- Bt ewpfg kwtpleldbplam# lp fbt

oggm tpbpg` pfbp lm pa`b|)t tadlgp| lt /`ltibdgewc bm` wmbddgzpbocg/ pfbp ngm zb|

yangm ea tgv-

Ylpf gib` pa pfg cbtp ngmplamg` biwngmp mapgt pfg Zgmbc Dawmdlc# eltp# pfbp lp tggnt

pfbp ngm ylcc zb| ngm ea tgv# pfbp yangm zb| ngm ea tgv &tgg# ea gvbnzcg TEL)t

gzap zbig 2?5 ea b nbcg gtdap zatplpwpg yfa bnami apfg pflmit fbt eaw `ltbocg`

yangm bt giwcbt,# bm` pfbp yangm zb| yangm ea tgv &TEL gzap zbig ?:6,-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ewpfg mapgt pfbp lp lt cbigc| b rwgtplam ae bpplpw`g# pfg ug| bdp ae zb|lmi ea tgv lt &nabcc|, wmbddgzpbocg# bm` pfg tbcg ae tgv lt `gngbmlmi pa pfg tgccg

a pfg ow|g a oapf# bm` pfg zbplgt tgv fbt ma ngbmlmi lm pflt gtzgdp- Obtg` am

bublcbocg tpw`lgt# gpd- lp nwtp bcta og bttwng` pfbp pfg @bmltf zazwcbplam lt flifc|

`lul`g` bdda`lmic|-

Pfg Tyg`ltf obm am ow|lmi tgv lt ug| nwdf `lugm o| b ug| zlmdlzcg` gkgdplam ae pfg

zwdfbtg ae tgv- Pflt igmgbpgt b gecgdpg` lm pfg ebdp pfbp lm pfg pgnt ae geggmdg ea

pfg tpw`| ae pfg geegdpt ae pfg obm am ow|lmi tgv ybt zaul`g` pfbp pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv

yawc` gnblm b dlnlmbc aeegmtg- Lp bcta gvzcldlpc| tpbpgt pfbp pfg Tyg`ltf t|tpgn lt

obtg` am pfg ulgy pfbp zatplpwplam lt bm gvzgttlam ae lmgrwbclp| ogpyggm zgazcg#yfgg pfg ow|g bttwngt pfg lifp pa wtg bmapfg zgtam)t oa`| bt b danna`lp| &TAW



?:2:; 0< zbig 52,- Pfg cbpgtp Tyg`ltf gzap iagt ta eb bt pa dlpldltg pfg wtg ae pgnt

twdf bt /tgv tgccgt/ bm` /tgcclmi tgv/ ogdbwtg pfg| ilug pfg lnzgttlam ae b owtlmgtt

pbmtbdplam ogpyggm pya grwbc zbplgt# owp amc|# faygug# pa mapg pfbp pfg pgn /pfg

zatplpwpgt /tang nb| og zgdglug` bt tplinbpltlmi bm` o| apfgt bt b pwg `gtdlzplam

ae gbclp| &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 52.5?,-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg Tyg`ltf gzap am pfg geegdpt ae pfg obm am ow|lmi tgv lm Tyg`gm# pfg

obm cg` pa b fbculmi ae pfg mwnog ae tpggp zatplpwpgt# ylpfawp pfgg oglmi ma gul`gmdg

pfbp pfg obm fbt cg` pa bm lmdgbtg lm apfg eant ae zatplpwplam- Augbcc# lp lt damdcw`g`

pfbp zatplpwplam lm Tyg`gm# bp cgbtp map lmdgbtg` tlmdg 2<<< &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 22<.

2?:,-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg gzap# lp lt `leeldwcp pa bttgtt pfg gvbdp gvpgmp ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi ea

tgvwbc zwzatgt lm Tyg`gm bm` pfggeag `leeldwcp pa bttgtt yfgpfg pfg obm am ow|lmi

tgv fbt beegdpg` pfg tdazg pfggae- Bdda`lmi pa pfg gzap# pfgg bg `bpb pa twiigtp twdf bm geegdp- Zacldg aeeldgt bm` tadlbc yahgt `gdcbgt pfbp dlnlmbct zgdglug

Tyg`gm bt /b ob` nbhgp/ ea pfg tgv pb`g# bm` yflcg gctgyfgg lm Gwazg lt map

wmwtwbc ea ?:.5: yangm bg gnzca|g` lm b oapfgc# bdplmi zacldg lm Tyg`gm bg bgc|

nag pfbm ? . 0 yangm bm` b mwnog ae dwtpangt# yfgm zacldg dblg` awp b bl` am b

oapfgc- Bnami apfg pflmit# Biblmtp pflt obdhiawm` lp lt bepg pfg zacldg tggnt dcgb

pfbp pfg obm am ow|lmi tgv bdpt bt b oblg pa fwnbm pbeeldhgt bm` bddanzcldgt

gtpbocltf pfgntgcugt lm Tyg`gm &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 2??.?4,-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg gzap# pfgg lt ma gbtam pa bttwng pfbp pfg obm am ow|lmi tgv tfawc`

fbug `amg tadlbc lmlplbplugt payb`t zatplpwpgt fb`g a tfawc` fbug ngbmp pfbp

zatplpwpgt bg nag zamg pa ulacgmdg &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 2?9.?6,- Pfg zatplpwpgt bg#

faygug# azzatg` pfg obm ogdbwtg pfg obm fbt glmeadg` pfg tadlbc tplinb bttadlbpg`

ylpf tgcclmi tgv# bm` ogdbwtg pfg| eggc fwmpg` o| pfg zacldg# bm` pfg| eggc

`ltgmebmdfltg` lm bm` pfbp pfgl bdplamt bg pacgbpg`# owp pfgl ylcc bm` dfaldgt bg map

gtzgdpg`- Pfg gzap tfawc` og damtl`gg` bt b zatlplug geegdp ae pfg obm# pfg bln lt pa

danobp zatplpwplam &TAW ?:2:;0<, zbig 2?<.4:-

Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc elm`t am pfg gul`gmdg# lmdcw`lmi pfg gvzglgmdg ae Tyg`gm#

Mayb| bm` Elmcbm`# pfg azzapwmlp| pa gnzfbtltg pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv yawc` ogdatpc| pa gmeadg- Pflt lt nblmc| `wg pa oapf pfg zbplgt lmuacug` . pfg zatplpwpgt bm`

dwtpangt . fbug b dannam lmpggtp lm gmtwlmi pfbp b ulacbplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv

lt map `gpgdpg` . pfg zatplpwpgt pa nblmpblm lpt gbmlmit# pfg dwtpang lm a`g pa bual`

zwmltfngmp- Lp ylcc igmgbcc| map og gvzgdpg` pfbp tangamg ylcc `gdcbg a uacwmpblc|

pgtple| ulacbplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv &lm Tyg`gm lp fbzzgmt lm zbdpldg amc| le pfg

dwtpang fbt dannlppg` apfg dlngt# twdf bt# ulacgmdg biblmtp pfg zatplpwpgt,-

Gmeadgngmp ylcc lm zbdpldg `gzgm` am pfg zacldg)t aym `lgdp aotgubplamt ae dampbdpt

ogpyggm zatplpwpgt bm` pfgl dwtpangt-

Gmeadgngmp ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc lm zbdpldg lmdcw`lmi grwlg pfbp zacldg aepgmzbpac pfg bgbt yfgg tpggp zatplpwplam lt yl`gtzgb`# bm` yfgg bzzazlbpg pbhg



bdplam biblmtp dampbdpt ogpyggm zatplpwpgt bm` dclgmpt- Gmeadgngmp ae b obm am ow|lmi

tgv ylcc lm zbdpldg bcta grwlg pfbp pfg zacldg aepgm nbhg bl`t biblmtp oapfgct bm`

zatgdwpg pfatg dwtpangt yfa bg eawm` `wlmi twdf bl`t- Tlnlcbc|# bzzc| lm gcbplam

pa ob zatplpwplam- T|tpgnbpld gmeadgngmp ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv lm gcbplam pa gtdap

zatplpwplam wmclhgc| pa fbzzgm lm zbdpldg# tlmdg lp yawc` lnzc| pfbp pfg zacldgt|tpgnbpldbcc| wtg` gtawdgt pa eaccay b hmaym gtdap zatplpwpg bm` pfwt dbng wz

ylpf flt dwtpangt- Tlnlcbc|# amc| gugm nag ta# zlubpg ! `ltdggp zatplpwplam-

Lp nwtp bcta og bttwng` pfbp pfg geegdp ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc og flifc| `gzgm`gmp

am pfg cgugc ae gmeadgngmp# lg- lm zbpldwcb# fay nbm| gtawdgt pfg zacldg `guapg pa

bm lmpgugmplam biblmtp tpggp zatplpwplam bm` bl`t am oapfgct- Gvzglgmdg ean

Tyg`gm bm` Mayb| twiigtp pfbp le b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc cgb` pa b gbc g`wdplam lm

pfg `gnbm` ea zatplpwplam# pfg lth ae `gpgdplam lt gcbplugc| flif- Pfgg ylcc lm`gg` og

b tnbcc iawz ae zapgmplbc dwtpangt yfa bcgb`| bt b gtwcp ae pfg obm ylcc geblm ean

bm` le ta tpaz ow|lmi tgv- Pfg nbkalp| ae zapgmplbc dwtpangt dbm amc| og gvzgdpg` pageblm ean ow|lmi tgv bt b gtwcp ae pfg obm# le pfg lth ae `gpgdplam lt gcbplugc| flif-

Pfg lnzbdp ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv nb| og `gzgm`gmp am yfgpfg pfg zgmbcp| ea

ulacbplam ae pfg zaflolplam lt wtwbcc| b elmg a lnzltamngmp- Faygug# pflt nwtp og

gib`g` bt wmdgpblm# bt pfgg lt ma gvzglgmdg ylpf pfg obm am ow|lmi tgv# yfldf

lmlplbcc| zwmltfg` ylpf lnzltamngmp- Lm bcc pfg dawmplgt pfbp fbug obmmg` pfg tbcg ae

tgv ylpfawp tgcclmi tgv lt dlnlmbcltg`# pfg zwmltfngmp ea ulacbplam ae pfg zaflolplam lt

ean b tpbplmi zalmp b elmg-

Le pfg zgmbcp| ea ulacbplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv lt b elmg# pfg geegdp ae pfg obm zaoboc|

yawc` ug| nwdf `gzgm` am pfg tl{g ae pfg elmg- Pflt lt `wg zbpc| pa gvzcag pfg lth lt

nwdf nag lnzapbmp pfbm pfg tl{g ae b elmg# bm` pfbp pfg `gpggmp geegdp ae b

zatgdwplam ea ulacbplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv lt nag pfg wmuglclmi# lmdcw`lmi

zattlocg pa flt ebnlc| a apfg pfbm pfg elmbmdlbc catt lm pfg ean ae zb|ngmp ae pfg elmg-

Ea pfgtg gbtamt# pfg eaccaylmi Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc)t ulgy dbmmap og ug| zgdltg pa

zg`ldp pfg geegdpt ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv# pbhlmi geegdp bt `gtdlog` boaug pa b cbig

gvpgmp ylcc ̀ gzgm` am pfg twotgrwgmp gmeadgngmp bm` pfwt pfg mwnog ae gtawdgt

pfbp pfg zacldg wtg` pflt-

Obtg` am pfg gvzglgmdg ae Tyg`gm bm` Mayb|# faygug# lp ylcc og mbpwbc pa bttwng

pfbp pfg geegdpt ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv yawc` og gcbplugc| clnlpg`- @gzgm`lmi am zacldg

zlalplgt nb| og zattlocg bp cgbtp lm zgla`t gvzgdpg` b `gdclmg lm tpggp zatplpwplam#

yfggbt b tlimleldbmp ̀ gdgbtg lm pfg papbc zatplpwplam tggnt gcbplugc| wmclhgc|-

Lm pfbp gib` bcta# pfbp amc| b tpami# twtpblmg` zacldg bdplam dbm og gvzgdpg` pgn pa

cgb` pa b `gdgbtg lm pfg papbc zatplpwplam- Bcpfawif bm lmpgmtlug dbnzblim o| pfg zacldg

biblmtp ow|lmi tgv ea b clnlpg` zgla` bt zattlocg dawc` cgb` pa bm lnng`lbpg

tlimleldbmp ̀ gdgbtg lm zatplpwplam# lp nwtp og gvzgdpg` pfbp zatplpwplam gcbplugc|rwldhc| ltg biblm bepg twdf b plng.clnlpg` dbnzblim tpazt- Pa lccwtpbpg yfbp lp yawc`



pbhg le |aw pfgagpldbcc| gmultlamg` b damplmwlmi lmpgmtlug geeapt o| pfg zacldg biblmtp

ow|lmi tgv nb| og ngmplamg` pfbp pfg zacldg lm ?::< ybt bybg ae pfg 055 oapfgct bm`

pflt |gb `l` clppcg nag pfbm 5:: am.oab` a &Mbplambc Zacldg `gtdlzplam ae zacldg

bdplam biblmtp zatplpwplam hlmizlmt lm ?::<# zbig ?:,- Pfg zacldgt“ papbc EPG wtbig lm

dbtgt biblmtp zatplpwplam hlmizlmt &lmdcw`lmi pfatg am.oab` a, ybt lm ?::< 4? EPGwtbig &bme-tp- zbig 4?,- Bm lmpgmtlug geeap biblmtp ow|lmi tgv yawc` grwlg nwdf nag

egrwgmp bl`t am oapfgct pfbm 2.? plngt b |gb zg- oapfgc- Bcgb`| lm pfg clifp ae

gtawdg damtwnzplam lm pfg dbtgt biblmtp zatplpwplam hlmizlmt# bt gib`t tglawt

dlngt twdf bt fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# zlnzlmi bm` zlnzlmi# lp lt mglpfg gbcltpld ma

gbtambocg pa lnbilmg b zlalpltbplam ae zacldg clnlpg` gtawdgt ea twdf b nbttlug

geeap biblmtp ow|lmi tgv# bt pfg dbtg nwtp og gib`g` bt b nwdf cgtt tglawt dlng-

Ylpf gib` pa lm`lgdp geegdpt ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv l`gmplelgt tangplngt pfbp amg ae

pfg yb|t zatplpwpgt bm` dwtpangt dbm kalmpc| tggh pa clnlp pfg lth pfbp pfg dwtpang

ylcc og zwmltfg`# lt pa tfapgm pfg plng b tpggp zatplpwpg bm` b zapgmplbc dclgmp tzgbhtpaigpfg ogeag pfg| tlimg` bm biggngmp bm` pfg zatplpwpgt gvbnzcg ltgt lmpa pfg

dwtpang)t db- Tpggp Zatplpwpgt ylcc lmdcw`g pfg azzapwmlp| pa zalmp awp pfbp pa`b| pa

zgugmp ulacgmdg a apfg wmzcgbtbmpmgtt ean pfg dwtpang tzgm` b clppcg plng pa tgg

pfg dwtpang pfg yb| &de- fggae gvbnzcg TEL gzap zbig ?47.45,# bm` pfbp pfg

zatzgdpt ylcc og clnlpg` le pfg gbtamt ea clnlplmi pfg lth pfbp pfg dwtpang ylcc og

zwmltfg`# may nwtp `gdl`g lm cgtt plng-

Bepg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfgg lt fb`c| bm| `awop pfbp pflt ylcc og b

gbc damdgm ea b mwnog ae tpggp zatplpwpgt lm dammgdplam ylpf pfg zattlocg

lmpa`wdplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv- Am pfg apfg fbm`# pfgg lt mapflmi lm pfg Tyg`ltf

a Maygilbm gvzglgmdg twiigtpt pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc cgb` pa zatplpwpgt

bdpwbcc| ylcc og gvzatg` pa nag ulacgmdg a apfg wmzcgbtbmpmgtt ean pfg dwtpangt)

tl`g# pfbm lt bcgb`| pfg dbtg lm `b|-

Bepg Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp pfgg lt ean pfg Tyg`ltf bm` Maygilbm

gvzglgmdgt ma gbtam pa gvzgdp pfbp pfg zattlocg lmpa`wdplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv

ylcc nbhg lp nag `leeldwcp ea tadlbc yahgt# gpd- pa dang lmpa dampbdp ylpf zatplpwpgt-

Lp lt fggo| zaul`g` pfbp tadlbc yahgt gpd- map lmuacug` lm pfg gmeadgngmp ae b obm

am ow|lmi tgv bt gulgygt a ylpmgttgt-

Bdda`lmi pa pfg TEL twug| lm`ldbpgt 22' ae pfg zatplpwpgt pfbp pfg| ylcc tpaz bt

zatplpwpgt le zbl` tgv zaflolpg` &TEL gzap zbig ?95,- Damugtgc|# pfgg bg pfwt 6<'

lmpgm`lmi pa damplmwg bt zatplpwpgt# gugm le zbl` tgv zaflolpg`- Bdda`lmi pa pfg twug|

gvzgdp bcnatp b pfl` ae pfg zatplpwpgt pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc ngbm pfbp pfgg

ylcc og egyg dwtpangt# bm` lp ylcc og fb`g pa gbm b clulmi ean zatplpwplam &TEL

gzap zbig ?99,- 9<' gvzgdp pa zatplpwplam# yfgg bzzcldbocg# ylcc pbhg zcbdg lm tgdgp#

bm` 7?' gvzgdp lp ylcc og fb`g pa gzap ulacgmdg bm` gvzcalpbplam# yflcg amc| 9'

gvzgdp pfbp fwnbm oglmit ylcc `gdgbtg &bme-tp-,- 6<' azzatg b obm am ow|lmi tgv#



bnami tpggp zatplpwpgt# faygug# amc| 7:' yfa azzatg b obm# yflcg 42' bg lm

ebuaw ae b obm &TEL gzap zbig ?96,-

Lm twnnb|# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ogclgugt pfbp pfg natp clhgc| tgdam`b| geegdpt ae

b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc og pfbp lp ylcc og fb`g pa yah bt b zatplpwpg# zbpc| ogdbwtg

pfg dampbdp ylpf dwtpangt ylcc og dam`wdpg` pbhlmi lmpa bddawmp pfbp pfg dwtpang

dannlpt bm aeegmtg yfa pfg zatplpwpgt bm` dwtpangt fbug b dannam lmpggtp lm

hggzlmi fl``gm# zbpc| ogdbwtg tang dwtpangt ylcc ebcc- Pflt lm pwm dawc` fbug pfg

damtgrwgmdg pfbp b tnbcc zazaplam ae pfg zatplpwpgt tpazt bt zatplpwpgt# owp lp ylcc

fb`c| og nwdf nag pfbm boawp 2:'# bdda`lmi pa tpw`lgt gugm fbug pfbp gvzgdpbplam#

bm` pfg zatplpwpgt# yfgg bzzazlbpg tpazt pflt dbwtg# bp cgbtp ea pfg natp zbp

damtl`gg` pa og bnami pfatg yfa fbug oggm eadg` a pldhg` lmpa yahlmi bt

zatplpwpgt-

Lp lt bcta pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ogclgugt pfbp lp lt natp clhgc| pfbp b obm am ow|lmitgv nbvlnwn ylcc fbug nbilmbc lnzbdp am pfg gvpgmp ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# zlnzlmi

bm` zadwlmi-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc lt map bocg pa bttgtt pfg clhgclfaa` pfbp tpggp zatplpwpgt yfa

bg b``ldpg` pa `wit ylcc dannlp nag zazgp| dlng pa ewm` pfgl `wi fbolp# le zbl`

tgv lt zaflolpg` bm` clugclfaa`t ae tpggp zatplpwplam# yfgg bzzazlbpg ebcc- Twdf

tgdam`b| geegdpt bg map pa og gzapg` lm Tyg`gm# owp pfgg bg tang lm`ldbplamt ae

pflt lm pfg Maygilbm gvzglgmdg-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt bcta map zattlocg pa bttgtt pfg clhgclfaa` pfbp# lm pfg dbtg ae pfg dlnlmbcltbplam ae ow|lmi tgv yawc` og `leeldwcp pa igp ylpmgttgt pa fwnbm oglmit#

ogdbwtg ow|lmi tgv . yfldf lp lt pfg awptl`gt yfa fbug pfg dcatgtp dampbdp ylpf

pbeeldhg` zatplpwpgt . yfgg bzzazlbpg gugm lth oglmi zwmltfg` le pfg| pwm pa pfg

zacldg &bpfg pfbm bmam|nawtc| pa gzap bm| twtzldlam ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi,- Lm

Elmcbm`# pfgg bg lm`ldbplamt pfbp lp fbt oggm `leeldwcp pa igp ylpmgttgt pa fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi# owp lm Tyg`gm damugtgc| zacldg# yfa tgg lp bt bm b`ubmpbig pa zb| ea tgv bt

da.`gegm`bmpt bg eadg` pa zbpldlzbpg lm dlnlmbc zadgg`lmit am pbeeldhlmi bm`

dazwcbplam &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig ??4,-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc fbt mapg` pfbp gvzglgmdg ean Tyg`gm tfayt pfbp zb| ea tgv#

yfldf lt dbwifp# pfbp lt yfgg pfg zacldg `lgdpc| aotgulmi bm lmlplbpg` tgvwbc

gcbplamtflz ogpyggm pfbp zgtam bm` b zgtam yfa zacldg twtzgdp lt b zatplpwpg# lm

natp dbtgt gdaimltg am tlpg &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 2<2,- Tang gewtgt# dcblnlmi pfbp pfgg

fbt map oggm ibmpg` a zanltg` zb|ngmp# bm` le pfg zacldg bg map bcta `lgdpc|

aotgug` pfg zb|ngmp &a pflt dbm og ̀ adwngmpg` pfawif pgcgultlam twuglccbmdg# a

ogdbwtg zbl` o| dg`lp db`,# pfg zacldg aepgm ilug wz zaug zbl` tgv# pfg &twtzgdpg`,

zatplpwpgt bgc| ybmp pa damplowpg pa lmrwl| &TAW ?:2:;0< zbig 26: bm` 2<2.<?,-

5-4-0- Boawp pfg `gtdlog` pgnt bm` clhgc| damtgrwgmdgt cgb`lmi pa pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv tfawc` og obmmg`# dwdlbcc| `gzgm`t am yfbp yglifp pfgtg damtl`gbplamt bm`



damtgrwgmdgt bppbdfg` pa pfgn# bm` lp lt pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gg` cbigc| b

rwgtplam ae bpplpw`g-

Le |aw bg ae pfg azlmlam pfbp lm bcc dbtgt lt flifc| `gib`lmi pa gdglug zb|ngmp ea tgv#

bm` pfbp pfatg yfa zb| ea tgv# pfggeag# bm` ylpf pfbp fg a &nag bgc|, tfg zb|t ea

tgv# dannlpt b tglawt bowtg ae pfg zgtam gdglulmi pfg zb|ngmp# lp tzgbht pa lnzatg b

obm am ow|lmi tgv- Lp dbm pfwt# o| gvpgmtlam# biwg` pfbp twdf iatt bowtgt nbppg ae

zlmdlzcg tfawc` og zwmltfg`# gib`cgtt ae yfgpfg pfg zgmbcp| lt clhgc| pa cgb` pa egyg

bttbwcpt# bm` bcta yfgpfg pfg bccgig` uldplnt pfgntgcugt tgg pfgntgcugt bt uldplnt ae

bm bttbwcp-

Le |aw fbug pfg bpplpw`g pfbp zatplpwplam lt `ltpwolmi zwocld a`g lm pfbp zgazcg bg

oglmi fbbttg` a nacgtpg`# tzgbh pfg apfg fbm`# Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlct ulgy lt map

gttgmplbc ea b obm am ow|lmi tgv- Pflt bddawmp dawc` pfg Dawmdlc)t ulgy# bp natp ea b

obm am ow|lmi tgv am zwocld tpggp &bt lp lt hmaym lm Elmcbm`# yfldf bcta tgcc tgv am bzwocld tpggp lt zaflolpg`,- Bt `gtdlog` lm Tgdplam 5-2 boaug# lp lt Dawmdlc)t ulgy pfbp

apfgt cgilplnbpg gvzgdpbplam ae zapgdplam biblmtp bm| zbpldwcb biigttlam ean

zatplpwpgt b`grwbpgc| ngp o| pfg gvltplmi wcgt lm a`g pa pgm`g-

Le |aw fbug pfg bpplpw`g pfbp zatplpwplam lt b tglawt tadlbc zaocgn ogdbwtg bcc a natp

ae pfg zatplpwpgt bg eadg` lmpa zatplpwplam o| pfgl cleg tlpwbplam ta pfbp pfgl

zaegttlam lt map `gpgnlmg` o| b egg dfaldg# lp tzgbht ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv# pa pfg

gvpgmp pfbp twdf b obm lt clhgc| pa fgcz zatplpwpgt awp ae zatplpwplam- Pfg Zgmbc Da`g

Dawmdlc damtl`gt pfbp lp lt bttwng` pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv dbm fb`c| og gvzgdpg` pa

fgcz nag pfbm b ug| clnlpg` mwnog ae zatplpwpgt awp ae zatplpwplam- Dawmdlc

pflmhlmi ae tang ae pfg ygbcpflgtp zatplpwpgt yfa fbug b `gtlg pa tpaz bt zatplpwpgt#

bm` yfgg b obm am ow|lmi tgv dawc` ylcc og pfg addbtlam pa cgbug zatplpwplam- Bp pfg

tbng plng# b tclifpc| cbig# owp tplcc gcbplugc| clnlpg` mwnog ae zatplpwpgt oglmi

eadg` awp ae zatplpwplam# ylpfawp pfgl cleg tlpwbplam# yfldf alilmbcc| eadg` pfgn lmpa

zatplpwplam# bcta lnzaug`- Dawmdlc pflmhlmi fgg lm zbpldwcb am tpggp zatplpwpgt#

nblmc| `gzgm`lmi am pfg cgugc ae zacldg gmeadgngmp ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv dawc` og ta

`leeldwcp pa igp dwtpangt gmawif pfbp pfg| nwtp tpaz bt zatplpwpgt- Pfg ubtp nbkalp| ae

zatplpwpgt &zaoboc| lm pfg a`g ae < awp ae 2:, nb| og gvzgdpg` pa damplmwg bt

zatplpwpgt gugm bepg pfg lmpa`wdplam ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv# bm` pfgl tlpwbplam yawc`map og lnzaug`# owp lt nag clhgc| pa `gpglabpg eaccaylmi pfg lnzatlplam ae b obm am

ow|lmi tgv -

Le |aw fbug pfg bpplpw`g pfbp zatplpwplam lt b tglawt dlng zaocgn# ogdbwtg b cbig

mwnog ae zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi# zadwlmi a zlnzlmi# tzgbh lp ea b obm

am ow|lmi tgv# pa pfg gvpgmp pfbp twdf b obm lt clhgc| pa clnlp pfg tdazg ae fwnbm

pbeeldhlmi# zlnzlmi bm` zlnzlmi- Bt tpbpg` boaug# faygug Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ogclgugt

pfbp lp lt natp clhgc| pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv nbvlnwn ylcc fbug nbilmbc lnzbdp am

pfg gvpgmp ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# zlnzlmi bm` zlnzlmi-



Le |aw fbug pfg bpplpw`g pfbp zatplpwpgt yfa bg map uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi# zadwlmi a

zlnzlmi# map lm igmgbc lt yatg &bm` tangplngt ogppg aee, pfbm nbm| apfg zgazcg

yfa fbug b zf|tldbc a ngmpbc tpblmlmi yah# tzgbh biblmtp b igmgbc obm am ow|lmi

tgv-

Lm twnnb|# lm pflt gtzgdp# Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc ogclgugt pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv

bcamg dawc` og kwtplelg` o| b ug| zlmdlzcg` gkgdplam ae pfg zwdfbtg ae tgv- Ylpf pfg

dwgmp hmaycgìg am zatplpwplam lm @gmnbh bm` lmeanbplam am pfg gvzglgmdg ae

zaflolplam biblmtp ow|lmi tgv lm apfg dawmplgt# ta pfg Dawmdlc)t ulgy# ma obtlt ea

ogclgulmi pfbp b obm am ow|lmi tgv ylcc fbug b tlimleldbmp zatlplug lnzbdp lm apfg

gtzgdpt pfbm pfg ug| obtld gkgdplam ae zwdfbtg ae tgv bt b zwmltfngmp tbmdplamg`

obm ylcc og gvzgttg`- Am pfg dampb|# b obm am ow|lmi tgv dawc` fbug mgibplug

damtgrwgmdgt ea b mwnog ae zatplpwpgt lm pgnt ae yatgmlmi gdamanld dam`lplamt

bm` lm pfg ean ae lmdgbtg` tplinbpltbplam-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc# am pflt obtlt àgt map gdanngm` pfg lmpa`wdplam ae twdf b

igmgbc obm am ow|lmi tgv-

5-4-7- Bmapfg rwgtplam lt yfgpfg pfgg tfawc` og b obm am zb|lmi ea tgv lm dgpblm

tlpwbplamt# ea gvbnzcg le pfg zatplpwpgt bg uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi a le pfg zatplpwpgt

bg uldplnt ae zadwlmi a zlnzlmi-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc elm`t# eltp# pfbp pfgg lt b oli `leeggmdg ogpyggm fwnbm oglmit

am pfg amg fbm` bm` zadwlmi bm` zlnzlmi am pfg apfg tl`g- Pfgg ylcc bcta og b oli

`leeggmdg ogpyggm b obm am ow|lmi tgv ean b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae fwnbmpbeeldhlmi# bm` b obm am ow|lmi tgv ean b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae pbeeldhlmi#

zadwlmi a zlnzlmi-

Fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lt b ug| tglawt dlng# yfldf fbt b nbvlnwn zgmbcp| ae

lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 2: |gbt# yflcg zlnzlmi lt b tglawt dlng zwmltfbocg o|

lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt# bm` zlnzlmi lt zwmltfbocg o| lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 4

|gbt a zattloc| b elmg- Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc zazatgt pa damplmwg pfg zgmbcp| ae

lnzltamngmp ea wz pa 0 |gbt ea zlnzlmi# yfldf bcta zazatg` gvzbm`g` pa lmdcw`g

pfg natp tglawt ae dbtgt# dwgmpc| zwmltfbocg bt zlnzlmi# de- tgdplam 5-? boaug- Bp pfg

tbng plng zazatg` zgmbcp| ea pfg nlc`g ̀ giggt ae gvzcalpbplam ae pfg zatplpwplam ae

apfgt àym pa b elmg a lnzltamngmp wz pa ? |gbt-

Fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lmdcw`gt gdglzp ae zgtamt# yfldf bg wtg` a fbug oggm wtg`

dagdlam# pfgbpt# ebw` a apfg wm`wg ngpfa` ea pfg gvzcalpbplam ae pfg zatplpwplam-

Fwnbm pbeeldhlmi lt pfwt lmdcw`g` lm dbtgt yfgg tangamg yfa lt bybg pfbp pfgg fbt

oggm ma dagdlam# gpd-# fbt gdglug` b zgtam lm a`g pa aopblm b tfbg ae flt lmdang bt

b zatplpwpg-

Zadwlmi lmdcw`gt hggzlmi b oapfgc# bm` Dlnlmbc Cby Dawmdlc twiigtpt pfbp gvpgm`g`

pa bm| zatplpwplam owtlmgtt yfgg pfgg lt bm grwbc zbpmgtflz ogpyggm pfg



zatplpwpgt yfa yah lm pfg danzbm|# de- tgdplam 5-? boaug- Zlnzlmi lmdcw`g lm

zbpldwcb pfg amg pfbp bcta gvzcalpt pfg zatplpwplam ae apfgt# lg- o| gdglulmi b tfbg ae

pfg lmdang ean b zatplpwpg-

Nbm| ae pfgtg lttwgt ylcc aepgm og fl``gm ean pfg zatplpwpgt) dwtpangt# tlnzc|

ogdbwtg pfgg bg tglawt dlnlmbc aeegmtgt# pfg zgzgpbpat ylcc p| pa hggz fl``gm-

Bt bzzgbt zbpldwcbc| lm pfg Tguldg Bigmd|)t dbnzblim lmdcw`g biblmtp zatplpwpgt bg

uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi bg p|zldbcc| bebl` pa pgcc pfgl gbc tpa|# bm` pfgg bg bcta b

mwnog ae zattlocg tlimt ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# yfldf bgc| ylcc og ultlocg ea b

zatplpwplam dwtpang# ea gvbnzcg# pfg zatplpwpgt fbug oggm ̀ gzlug` ae flt l`gmplp|#

ybt dfbig` ylpf b `gop# fbug oggm twokgdpg` pa ulacgmdg a pfgbpt a fbug map oggm

bybg ae pfg yahlmi dam`lplamt-

Apfg zattlocg tlimt ae pbeeldhlmi nb| og ultlocg ea b zatplpwplam dwtpang- Lp nb| og

pfbp pfg zatplpwpgt tggn gcwdpbmp# bzbpfgpld bm` zgfbzt egb# clugt bm` yaht pfg

tbng zcbdg# yahlmi wm`g nltgbocg dam`lplamt a fbug `leeldwcp| nbhlmi flntgce

wm`gtpaa -̀ Twdf zattlocg tlimt ae pbeeldhlmi dbm bcta addw gugm le pfg zatplpwpgt bg

uldplnt ae pbeeldhlmi- Bcpfawif lp dbmmap og gvdcw`g` pfbp pfg augbcc zldpwg dbm og ta

tplhlmi pfbp pfg dwtpang ylcc fbug pfg lmpgmplam ae pfg gvltpgmdg ae fwnbm oglmit# lp

ylcc igmgbcc| grwlg tangpflmi nag- Bt gvbnzcgt nb| og ngmplamg` pfbp pfg

zatplpwpg naolclp| lt tlimleldbmpc| clnlpg` a pfbp pfg zatplpwpgt cbdhlmi ewcc ngmpbc

ewmdplamlmi-

Bt ea zadwlmi bm` zlnzlmi lt pfbp pfgg zaoboc| lt tang hlm` ae zadwlmi bm`zlnzlmi# yfgg lm`ldbplamt dbm og ta tpami pfbp b zatzgdplug dwtpang ylcc aepgm fbug

pfg lmpgmplam ae pfg gvltpgmdg ae zadwlmi a zlnzlmi# gugm le pfg dwtpang àgt map

fbug dgpblm hmaycgìg pfggae- Gvbnzcgt lmdcw`g pfbp zatplpwplam wm ean b oapfgc

yfgg yahlmi nag pfbm amg zatplpwpg# a pfbp pfg dwtpang fbt dang lm dampbdp ylpf

pfg zatplpwpgt pfawif bm lmpgng`lb|- Pfg zb|ngmp lt nb`g pa b pfl` zbp| &ylpfawp

dampbdp ogpyggm dwtpang bm` zatplpwpg lt ng`lbpg` o| b pfl` zbp|,# à map# faygug#

pa og b tlim ae zlnzlmi- Lp nb| og# owp lp nb| bcta og pfbp pfg pfl` zbp| yahlmi ea pfg

zatplpwpgt &bm` map uldg ugtb,# bm` pfg ngpfa` ae zb|ngmp lt b tbegp| ean pfg

zatplpwpgt tl`g-

@wg pa pflt# pfg twzzap ae b obm am ow|lmi tgv ean b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae

pbeeldhlmi# zadwlmi a zlnzlmi# gtzgdlbcc| ilugm pfbp lp lt pfg dwtpang)t `gnbm`#

yfldf nbhgt lp zattlocg pa gvzcalp pfg zatplpwpgt bm` pfbp pfg nbppg amg)t bpplpw`g

payb`t zatplpwplam lm igmgbc ebdg bzzgbt pa og wmbddgzpbocg pa ̀ gnbm` zwdfbtg ae

tgv lm dbtgt yfgg pfg dwtpang fbt lmpgmplambcc| pa pfg zatplpwpgt gvzcalpg` bt uldplnt

ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# zadwlmi a zlnzlmi-

Pfg aokgdplam pa pflt zbpldwcb mapg` pfbp pfg dwgmp zacld|# twdf bt gecgdpg` lm pfg

Tguldg Bwpfalp|)t dbnzblim blnt pfawif bm lmeanbplam bm` fac` bddawmpbocgzatplpwplam dwtpangt pa geblm ean ow|lmi tgv ean zatplpwpgt le pfgg bg tlimt



pfbp pfg zgtam nb| og b uldpln ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi# bm`# yfgg bzzazlbpg# maple| bm|

twtzldlam ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi pa pfg bwpfalplgt- Le tgvwbc gcbplamt ea zb|ngmp pa

uldplnt ae fwnbm pbeeldhlmi igmgbcc| dlnlmbcltg`# b zatzgdplug dwtpang gzaplmi b

twtzgdpg` fwnbm pbeeldhlmi pa pfg bwpfalplgt# pfg ewpwg dawc` og lthlmi amgtgce pa og

plg`# yfldf lt clhgc| pa igp tang zatplpwplam dwtpangt pa geblm ean gzaplmi twdfpfgl twtzldlamt-

Lp nb| bcta og mapg` pfbp le zatplpwplam dwtpang lt bybg ae a tzgdleld twtzgdp pfbp

tangamg lt eadlmi pfg zatplpwpgt pa zatplpwpg pfgntgcugt bm` pfwt pa fbug b tgvwbc

gcbplamtflz ylpf pfg dwtpang# pfg dwtpang o| fbulmi tgv ylpf zatplpwpgt `gzgm`lmi

am mbpwg ae pfg eadg wtg` nb`g iwlcp| ae bzg a pa aopblm tgvwbc gcbplamtflz bp apfg

lccgibc dagdlam# tgg Zgmbc Da`g © © ?25 bm` ?29 Ea tglawt dbtgt ae tgv ylpf b

zatplpwpg lt lm wtg# lt bcgb`| wm`g gvltplmi cby twokgdp pa dlnlmbc zaultlamt gcbplmi

pa tglawt a ug| tglawt dlngt-

Lm twnnb|# pfg Dlnlmbc Da`g Dawmdlc ogclgugt pfbp lp lt clhgc| lm zbdpldg pfbp yawc` og

twdf pfbp glpfg lp ylcc `gelmlpgc| gvdgzplambcc| dawc̀ og zaug` pfbp b zatzgdplug

dwtpang fbt twdf hmaycg`ig pfbp pfg zgtam nb| og zwmltfg` ea bzg a apfg

wmcbyewc dagdlam# tgg Zgmbc Da`g © ?29# a pfgg ylcc mglpfg og zaug` lmpgmplambc pa

amg ae pfgtg dlngt a tgvwbc gcbplamtflz ylpf b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae pbeeldhlmi-

Bm| mgy zaultlam am zwmltfngmp ea zatplpwplam dwtpangt yfa fbug b tgvwbc

gcbplamtflz ylpf b zatplpwpg yfa lt b uldpln ae pbeeldhlmi# fb` pa og bttwng` lm

zbdpldg pfbp yawc` og oawifp lmpa eadg# ogdbwtg lm zbdpldg ylcc glpfg og damuldpg` ae

b tglawt dlng &bzg a ulacbplam ae Zgmbc Da`g © ?29, a ylcc og `ltnlttg` ea cbdh ae

zaae ae lmpgmp-

Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc damtl`gt lp pfggeag map b obtlt ea zazatlmi b tgzbbpg

dlnlmbcltbplam ae tgvwbc gcbplamt biblmtp zb|ngmp pa b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae

pbeeldhlmi- Pfg Zgmbc Da`g Dawmdlc elm`t ma obtlt pa zazatg b tgzbbpg dlnlmbcltbplam

ae tgvwbc gcbplamt biblmtp zb|ngmp pa b zgtam yfa lt b uldpln ae zlnzlmi a

gvzcalpbplam lm b``lplam pa zatplpwplam-

denmark penal code council report 1534, english translation of chapter 19 which is about...

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