denominator the number of equal parts into which the whole (or one or unit) is divided. 1414 2323...
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denominator
The number of equal parts into which the
whole (or ONE or unit) is divided.
14
23
34
denominator
diagonal
A line that separates the
upper left to lower right or from the lower left to the
upper right.
diameter
A line segment that passes through the
center of a circle (or sphere) and has
endpoint on the circle.
digit
One of the symbols 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 which can be used to
write any number.
321
407,890
190,23476,241
8
digital clock
A clock that uses numbers to show the
time in hours and minutes, with a colon
used to separate them.
12:35hour
minutes
colon
distributive property
A property that relates two
operations on numbers.
ax (x + y) = (a * x) + (a * y)multiplication over addition
ax (x – y) = (a * x) – (a * y)multiplication over subtraction
divisibility test
A test to determine whether a whole
number is divisible by another whole number, without actually doing
the division.
double fact
The addition or multiplication facts
without turn-around partners.
4 + 4 = 8 2 + 2 = 4
3 X 3 = 9 1 X 1 =
1
ellipse
A closed, oval, plane figure. An ellipse is the
path of a point that moves so the sum of its distance from two fixed points is
constant. Each of the fixed points is call a focus of the
ellipse.
equal-grouping
story
A number story that involves separating
something equally.
10 ÷ 2 = 5
Tom had 10 marbles. Half of the marbles were green.How many blue marbles did he have?
equal-sharing story
A number story that involves
sharing something
equally.
Sue has 8 candy bars. Shewants to share them equally with her sister. How many bars will each one get?
8 ÷ 2 = 4
equation
A mathematical sentence that
states the quality of two quantities.
2 + 3 = 5
98 – 24 = 74
8 x 5 = 90 - 50
12 ÷ 3 = 4
equivalent
fractions
Fractions that have different numerators and denominators, but the same number.
equivalent names
Different ways of naming the same number.
16 XVI10 less than 26
20 - 44+4+4+4
(2 X 5) + 6
sixteen
half of 32 8 twos
llll llll llll l
estimate
A calculation of a close, rather than exact answer; a number close to another number.
57+22
60+20 80
estimate
even number
A whole number that has a
0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place and can be evenly divided
by 2.
20036
152
12,1448
exploration
An independent
or small-group
activity.
concept development
manipulative
data collection
problem solving
skill review
games
exponent
The raised number in a power that
tells the number of times the base is used as a factor.
4 = 4 * 4 * 43
exponential
notation
A shorthand way of representing
repeated multiplication of the same factor.
4 = 4 * 4 * 43
expression
A group of mathematical symbols (numbers, operations
signs, variables, grouping symbols) that represents a number ( or can represent a number if values are
assigned to any variables it contains).
( 2 + 3) X (6 – 2) 5 X (6 – 2) 5 X 4
extended fact
A variation of a basic fact involving
multiples of 10, 100 or so on.
30 + 70 = 100
40 X 5 = 200560 ÷ 7 = 80
fact extension
s
Calculations of large numbers
using knowledge of basic facts.
5 + 8 = 1350 + 80 = 130
500 + 800 = 1300
fact family
Related addition and subtraction or multiplication
and division facts.
5 + 6 = 116 + 5 = 1111 – 5 = 611 – 6 = 5
5X7=357X5=3535÷7=535÷5=7
fact family
A group of addition or multiplication
facts together with the related
subtraction or division facts.
5 + 6 = 116 + 5 = 1111 – 5 = 611 – 6 = 5
5X7=357X5=3535÷7=535÷5=7
factors (noun)
A number that is multiplied by another
number. Factors may be whole numbers or rational numbers
expressed as fractions or decimals.
4, 3, and 2 are factors in 4 x 3 x 2 = 24; 0.5 and 25 are factors in 0.5 x 25 = 12.5
factors (verb)
To represent a number as a product of
factors.
Factor 246 x 4 = 24 3 x 8 = 241 x 24 = 24 2 x 3 x 4 = 24
factor pair
Two factors of a number n which whose product is
the number n.
The factor pairs of 21 are 1 and 21 and 3 and 7.
factorization
The original number is represented as a product
of factors, and each of those factors is
represented as a product of factors, and so on, until the factor string consists
of prime numbers.
factorial
A product of a whole number and
all the smaller whole numbers
except 0.
3! = 3 * 2 * 1 = 6
3! Is read as “three factorial”
flowchart
A diagram consisting of
symbols and arrows to sequentially show a series of steps to
complete a task.
Enter 4Multiplyby 5
Add 3 Readthe result
formula
A general rule for finding the value of
something. A formula is often written in
abbreviated form with letters, called
variables.
A formula for distance traveled can be written as d = r * t
where the variable d stands for distance,
r for speed, and t for time.
fraction
A number in the form or a/b, where a and b are
whole numbers and b is not 0. Fractions are used to name part of a whole object, part of a whole collection of objects, to compare two quantities, or as the quotient of a
divided by b.
Frames and Arrows
Diagrams used to represent number
sequences according to a rule.
Rule
+ 5
arrow
arrow rule
5 10 15 20
frame
+ 5 + 5 + 5
function machine
A number put in is changed into a second number through the use
of the rule.
in out2
3
4
15
46
5
6
7
18
49
function machine
A diagram of an imaginary machine
programmed to process numbers
according to a certain rule.
in out2
3
4
15
46
5
6
7
18
49
greatest common
factor
The largest factor that two or more numbers
have in common.
The common factors 24and 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. The greatest
common factor is24 and 36 is 12.
guess
To estimate: judge tentatively or form an
estimate of (quantities or time); think: expect, believe,
or suppose .
height of a rectangle
One of the sides of a rectangle; also length of this side. The length of the side perpendicular
to the base is the height of a rectangle.
height of 3-dimensional
figure
One face or a pair of faces on the figure. The height is
the length of a line segment drawn
perpendicular to a base of the figure that extends
from the base to the opposite face or vertex.
height of a triangle
One of the sides of a triangle; also, the length of
its side. The shortest distance between the base and the vertex opposite the
base is the height of a triangle.
image
The reflection of a picture or object
that you see when you look through
a transparent mirror.
improper fraction
A fraction that names a number greater than
or equal to 1; a fraction whose
numerator is equal to or greater than its
denominator.
inequality
A number sequence stating that two
quantities are not equal, or might not
be equal.
= (not equal) < (less than) > (greater than) < (less than or equal) > (greater than or equal)3 < 10; 2 + 5 = 4 + 4
interior
The set of all points of the plane “inside” a closed 2-
dimensional figure or a closed 3-dimensional figure. The interior is
usually not considered to be part of the figure.