Koya UniversityFaulty of Engineering

School of Petroleum & Chemical EngineeringChemical Engineering department

Laboratory of petroleum and gas properties

EXPERIMENT NUMBER ONEDensity and Specific Gravity

( Specific Gravity Bottle method)

Instructor: Mr. abdulmajid & miss cheemanAuthor Name: Aree Salah Tahir

Experiment Contacted on: 8/oct/2013Report Submitted on: 22/oct /2013

Group: A

The aim of this experiment:

The objective of this lab is to measure and study density and specific gravity of different liquids.

Theory:

The density ( ρ ) of a substance is its weight per unit volume .

Specific gravity (SG)For liquid systems, the SG is defined as the ratio of density of a liquid to that of water, and

therefore, it is a dimensionless quantity .

However, the temperature at which SG is reported should be specified since the density is temperature

dependent.

For liquid petroleum fractions and crude oils, densities of both the oil and water are expressed at the SC of

(15.5 oC) and 1 atm, and they are usually indicated as SG

at 15.5 oC.

Thermal expansion coefficient of acetone = 0.00143 /0C

Density of water at 15 0C is 0.999099 g/cmThe American Petroleum Institute Gravity (API gravity), is a measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water.

Petroleum is lighter than water and floats: API gravity > 10Petroleum is heavier than water and sinks: API gravity < 10

EQUIPMENT and COMPONENTS USED:Balance:

Thermometer: cylinder:

The procedure:A:Weigh the bottle while it's empty

B:Fill the bottle up to the volume marker with the acetone .The sample is generally taken while the liquid is at some reference temperature, such as 20 degrees

Celsius .

C:Weigh the bottle again and subtract the weight of the empty bottle from the total weight of the bottle and liquid.

Calculations:

Volume= 100mlMass of cylinder =144.8 gMass of (aceton + cylinder)= 222gTref= 25c⁰TACTUAL=23.8c⁰

∆mass =222-144.8=77.2 g

ρ=mass/volume =77.2/100=0.772 g/ml

s.p.g.r= ρ/ρref = 77.2/1000 = 0.0772 g/ml

Discussion: