DENT 1120 Related Anatomy

Unit 2

Cells & Tissue

1. Cell Characteristics

3 PARTS: NUCLEUS, MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM (contains organelles)

CELL

2. List the function of the following 7 organelles

• 1. Ribosome

• 2. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• 3. Golgi

• 4. Lysosome

• 5. Mitochondria

• 6. Centrioles

• 7. Cilia and Flagella

3. Compare Active and Passive Transport

• This is how materials get into a cell, through the membrane.

• ACTIVE-molecules move from an area of low concentration into an area of high concentration. Requires energy and a carrier molecule. (Like forcing more water into an already full sponge)

Passsive transport

• Diffusion- molecules move from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration

• Osmosis- diffusion of water( like putting a dry sponge on a puddle of water)

• Filtration- selectively allowing some molecules to pass (like a coffee filter lets water in but keeps grounds out)

4. Osmosis

• Cells placed in HYPERTONIC( solute concentration greater than cell, thus less water) Water leaves cell and cell SHRINKS

• Cells placed in HYPOTONIC ( solutes less than cell, thus more water) Water is pushed into cell and cell SWELLS

• Isotonic- = amts of water and solutes

Osmotic Pressure

5. List and describe the 4 phases of MITOSIS (PMAT)

• 1. Prophase- genetic material duplicates

• 2. Metaphase- chromosomes line up in middle

• 3. Anaphase-chromosomes migrate away from the middle

• 4. Telophase- cell membrane forms across middle to form 2 cells

Cell Division

• Mitosis- all body cells 46 chromosomes

• Meiosis- egg and sperm, 23 chromosomes

The End