DENT 1260 Infection Control

Lesson 4 Disinfection

Disinfection

Use of liquid chemical to kill disease producing microbes. Does not kill all and does not kill spores.

2. Bioburden

Bioburden- the microbial material on a surface or object. This MUSt be removed in order to disinfect/ sterilize. (PRECLEAN)

3. Surface vs immersion

Surface- wipe/wipe or spray wipe spray technique

Immersion- cover the object with the chemical

4. Antiseptic, disinfectant, sterilant

Antiseptic- reduces # microbes on tissue ( alcohol wipe on skin)

Disinfectant- reduce # microbes on surface or object

Sterilant- kills all microbes on surface / object

5. Alcohol Chlorite

NOT for surface or immersion

Tissue antimicrobial only

Sodium hypochlorite 1:10 or 1:13

Surface- harsh Immersion- OK Mix fresh Intermediate level

cheap

5. Iodophor Phenol

Surface, immersion or tissue

Intermediate level May discolor

Surface Intermediate level Hard on plastics Leaves residue

MCC uses Birex for surfaces

5. Quats aldehydes

Quaternary ammonium (with alcohol)

Intermediate Surface Better on fungal See picture next

slide

High level Immersion only of

nonporous items Sterilant, tissue

preservative for biopsy

QUATS

1st generation quats DID NOT HAVE alcohol and now use only to treat denture for fungus.

5. Chlorhexidine gluconate

Tissue antimicrobial in soap or Peridex rinse

6. Microbes killed

Virucidal- kills at least some virus

Bactericidal- kills at least some bacteria

Fungicidal- kills at least some fungi

Tuberculocidal- kills TB- intermediate

Sporicidal- kills spores=sterilizes

Hospital disinfectant- shown to kill 3 bact- staph aureus, salmonella, and pseudomonas

7. Label consideration

Type of antimicrobial agent, active ingredient, microbes killed, directions of use, dilution, precautions, store and disposal info, name & address of manufacturer, volume of container

Contact time EPA registration #

8. Properties of “IDEAL” disinfectant

Rapidly kill a broad range of microbes Residual activity Minimal toxicity Not damage surfaces Odorless and inexpensive Simple to use Good cleaner- remove bioburden

9. High, medium, low level disinfectant

High- kills all but not high numbers of spores (glut)

Medium- intermediate- kills vegitative bact, most fungi, virus, M TB

Low- is not tuberculocidal

Hospital- kills staph, salmonella and Psedomonus, NOT TB

9. High, Medium, low

High- glutaraldehyde Medium- phenols, iodophors, quats

with alcohol, sodium hypochlorite

10. Surface disinfectants

Phenols (synthetic) Sodium hypochlorites Iodophors Quats WITH alcohol

“Bleach eQu I P ment”

Use these only for surfaces in dental office!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

11. Immersion disinfection

Glutaraldehyde Sodium hypochlorite Iodophor

“biG” tub

12. Shelf, use and reuse life

Shelf life- unopened expiration date Use life- once open/mixed Resuse- life shortens the more used

Ex: phenol, exp date 1yr but once mixed 21 days,

bleach soln- use daily, resuse none ?

13. Accidental exposure

Check MSDS Wear PPE

The END