Department of Mathematics and Science

Grade 5 Electricityand

Get Connected:Essential Lab # 7

Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and TransformationBig Idea 10: Forms of Energy

Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support SpecialistKeisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist

Millard Lightburn, PhD, District Science Supervisor

Department of Mathematics and Science

Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy

SC.5.P.11.1 - Investigate and illustrate the fact that the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit (a complete loop).

SC.5.P.11.2 - Identify and classify materials that conduct electricity and materials that do not.

SC.5.P.10.4 - Investigate and explain that electrical energy can be transformed into heat, light, and sound energy, as well as the energy of motion.

SC.5.P.10.2 - Investigate and explain that energy has the ability to cause motion or create change.

SC.5.N.1.1 - Define a problem, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigations of various types such as: systematic observations, experiments requiring the identification of variables, collecting and organizing data, interpreting data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions.

Department of Mathematics and Science

Lesson Objectives: Students should be able to:• Define electricity. • Understand the role of electrons in electricity. • Model the flow of electrons in a circuit.• Build an actual electric circuit.• Explain how to tell when the path of an electric

circuit is complete.• Test the conductivity of a variety of materials.• Explain how electrical energy can be transformed

into light, heat, sound and motion.

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How do we use electricity?

Electricity powers nearly every modern gadget, from refrigerators to smartphones. But do you know how electricity works? You'll find out how electricity keeps our daily lives flowing.

Click on photo below for an interactive site

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What is electrical energy?

• A form of energy that is produced when Electrons move from one place to another.

• Electrons are particles that are in the space around the nucleus of an atom.

• The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move.

http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter02.html

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Where Does the Word 'Electricity' Come From?

• Electrons, electricity, electronic and other words that begin with "electr..." all originate from the Greek word "elektor," meaning "beaming sun." In Greek, "elektron" is the word for amber.

• Amber is a very pretty goldish brown "stone" that sparkles orange and yellow in sunlight. Amber is actually fossilized tree sap! It's the stuff used in the movie "Jurassic Park."

• Ancient Greeks discovered that amber behaved oddly - like attracting feathers - when rubbed by fur or other objects. They didn't know what it was that caused this phenomenon.

• But the Greeks had discovered one of the first examples of static electricity. The Latin word, electricus, means to "produce from amber by friction."

• So, we get our English word electricity from Greek and Latin words that were about amber.

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Lab # 7: Get ConnectedHow does an electric circuit work?

• Let’s look at some parts of a circuit.

• What do you notice about the … bulb wire battery

• What do you need to do to make a circuit to light the bulb?

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What do you need to do to make a circuit to light the bulb?

• Try it. =

• Now try it with two wire.

Let’s explore Electric Current

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Think About Electricity Write your responses in your notebook.

1. Is electricity flowing through the systems you built? How do you know?

2. What do you think are necessary elements of all complete circuits?

3. How can we control the flow of electricity in a circuit?

4. What kind of energy makes a battery work?5. Name the transfers of energy in the circuit you

built.6. What are you wondering now?

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How do you think a battery works?

• A battery contains 2 different metals.• Metals like all matter are made up of atoms. • Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.• One of the metals in the battery wants to give up its electrons

and the other metal wants to accept them.• Connecting the wires, and the bulbs to a battery, gives the

electrons a path to travel from one metal to another. • Those traveling electrons are electricity.

More on Battery Power

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How is either of the circuit models you built similar to a flashlight’s circuit?

How does a flashlight work?•When the switch of a flashlight is pushed into the ON position, it makes contact between two contact strips, which begin a flow of electricity, powered from the battery. •The batteries rest atop a small spring that is connected to a contact strip. •The contact strip runs down the length of the battery case and makes contact with one side of the switch. There is another flat contact strip on the other side of the switch, which runs to the lamp (light bulb), providing an electrical connection. •There is another part connected to the lamp that makes contact with the positive electrode of the top battery, thus completing the circuit to the lamp and completing the generation of electricity.

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1. How should you connect the materials you have to make a path to test the flow of electricity?

2. Make a plan with your group.3. Connect the parts to test your plan. Does the

bulb light up? If not keep trying. 4. Draw a picture of your working circuit. Show

how the parts work.

Lab # 7: Get Connected

Activity #2

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Activity #2 Which common materials are good conductors for the flow of electricity?

Object Prediction Conductor or Insulator

penny

Pencil (wood part)

Pencil (metal part)

Eraser

Paper clip

nail

Plastic spoon

______________

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Looking Back

1. Were your predictions correct? How do you know?

2. How are the materials that conducted electricity allowing the bulb to light alike?

3. Which material created the brightest bulb? 4. What are you wondering now?

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Electrical Resourcesto Explore

Simple Circuits

Electricity in our Lives

Building Circuits

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Parts of the Circuit and their JobsQuiz

1. Source of current2. Carries current3. Turns circuit on and off4. Changes electrical

energy to light

A. BatteryB. BulbC. SwitchD. Wire

5. What does making a complete circuit mean?6. Why are many wires coated with plastic?

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What is the Transfer of Energy? Energy can move from one object to another. < <

light electrical chemical

Explore Learning GIZMOS: Energy Conversions

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How is Electrical Energy used

in the real world?

Electric Girl

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Transformation of EnergyElectric Current

A.

B.

A.

C.

B.

B.

Writing PromptsMake a Drawing

with LabelsCreate a drawing to include everything you would need to make a light-bulb light or a radio work.

Label your drawing and use arrows to show the direction of the current. Describe how the circuit works.

Write to Explain

A classmate is studying a cord that connects a lamp to a wall outlet. The classmate sees that the inside of the cord is made of metal wire, and that the outside of the cord is made of plastic. Explain why each of these materials is used in the cord.

Adapted from Discovery Education

Department of Mathematics and Science

Concept Review: Electric Current

1. Why do we need electric circuits? Answer: We need electrical circuits to power the electrical things we use every day, like light bulbs.

2. What is an electric current? Answer: An electric current is a steady flow of charged particles, also known as electrons.

Adapted from Discovery Education

Department of Mathematics and Science

Concept Review: Electric Current3. Why do electric circuits need to be closed? Answer: Electric circuits must be closed or the electrons will not be able to flow. A switch is something that opens a circuit. The light bulb only works when the circuit is closed.4. Why do circuits usually include wires like copper or

iron? Answer: Circuits use metal wires because they are good conductors. This means they allow the charged particles to move through the wires.

Adapted from Discovery Education

Department of Mathematics and Science

Concept Review: Electric Current5. What are insulators? Answer: Insulators are things that don’t allow the charged particles to move through them. Examples are wood, clay, and rubber6. How can electrical energy change in electrical currents? Answer: Electrical energy can turn into other kinds of energy. Electricity can turn into heat in a toaster.

Adapted from Discovery Education

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A. Make a circuit drawing that includes everything you would need to make a light bulb light. Label all the components in your drawing and use arrows to show the direction of the current, and then describe how the circuit works using the vocabulary and information you have learned from the lesson.

B. A scientist is studying a cord that connects a lamp to a wall outlet. The scientist sees that the inside of the cord is made of metal wire. The outside of the cord is made of plastic. Explain why each of these materials is used in the cord.

Brief Constructed Response: Electric Circuits

Adapted from Discovery Education

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Electricity Project Ideas

• Give a presentation• Act it out• Write a story about…

– wasting energy daily.– loosing electricity for one week.– realizing that conserving energy helps the entire community.

• Create a model• Write a report or an essay• Compose a song• Make a poster

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Project Idea:

• Watch the video segment Electromagnetic Force, Volts, Transformers, Amperes. Then conduct research on the electrical concepts mentioned in the video and create a poster to explain the concept. Your poster should contain both illustrations and written facts. Be ready to present your poster to the class, and then display it in the classroom.

Adapted from Discovery Education

Department of Mathematics and Science

Project Idea: Where does South Florida get its Energy?

• Conduct research on where energy in South Florida comes from. Locate the nearest power plant, and through simple Internet research, identify what type of fuel it uses to generate electricity (fossil fuels, hydro power, wind, etc). Create a poster that illustrates how the electricity from the power plant ends up in our homes. Also include ideas in their posters about why it is important to conserve energy.

Adapted from Discovery Education

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Online Resources

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=638&ClassID=0

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/circuit-construction-kit-dc http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/6_7/electricity.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/changing_circuits.s

html http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/8_9/circuits_conductors.s

html http://www.andythelwell.com/blobz/guide.html http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/idptv11_vid_d4kele/ http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/phy03_vid_zelectgrl/ http://thehappyscientist.com/ss-fl-g5

Department of Mathematics and Science

More Online Resources

http://acs.org http://www.tryengineering.org/lessons/flashlight.pdf http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/revisi

on/science/electricity.htm http://www.energizer.com/learning-center/Pages/ho

w-flashlights-work.aspx http://www.teacherresourcesgalore.com/clip_art_sci

ence_circuits.htm

Department of Mathematics and Science

pbslearningmedia.org Resources

• Electricity: http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/idptv11.sci.phys.energy.d4kele/electricity/

• Designing Electric Circuits: Steadiness Tester - http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.mfe.ztester/designing-electric-circuits-steadiness-tester/

• Electric Girl: http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.mfe.zelectgrl/electric-girl/

• Lightning! http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.mfw.lightning/lightning/

• Energy Sources: http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.energy.energysource/energy-sources/

Department of Mathematics and Science

Discovery Education Resources

• Exploration: About Electricity• Reading Passage: All Charged Up • Video: Electrons• Video: Two Kinds of Electricity•Exploration: Electric Current• Reading Passage: Need a Jump• Video: Circuits• Video: About Electricity