department of sociology soc 572 comparative health care...
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Purdue University
Department of Sociology
SOC 572 – Comparative Health Care (Global Perspectives on Health Care)
James G. Anderson, Ph.D. [[email protected]] Fall, 2011
Stone 353 494-4668
Objectives:
This course examines the social organization of health care systems and delivery in various
countries and regions of the world. The objectives are:
1. To explore the contributions of sociological theory and methods to the comparative study of
health care systems
2. To understand alternatives to the U.S. health care system
3. To understand the social, political and economic dynamics of health care systems
4. To analyze the relative influences of various interest groups in the formation of health policies
5. To analyze the impact of social forces such as development, bureaucratization, professionalization,
population growth, technology, and cultural practices on the social organization of health
care systems.
This cross-cultural study of the social organization of health care is predicated on the following
premises:
1. The social organization of health care systems is the product of socio-political, economic, and
cultural processes.
2. The organization of health care systems influence:
a. The level of care emphasized and the types of care that are available.
b. Who has access to which types of health care?
c. How resources are allocated.
d. The level of professionalization in the field of health care and patterns of professional
decision-making.
3. Health care systems have differential influences on the health status of the populations they serve.
4. All health care systems have common problems; but they have different capacities and strategies
to solve the problems and different perspectives on „ideal‟ outcomes.
Textbooks
T.R. Reid,. 2009. The Healing of America, Penguin Press
C. Holtz. 2008. Global Health Care: Issues and Policies, Jones and Bartlett
J.H. Johnson and C.H. Stoskopf. 2010. Comparative Health Systems: Global Perspectives.
Boston, MA: Jones and Bartlett.
E. Kebede-Francis. 2011. Global Health Disparities: Jones and Bartlett.
On Reserve:
L. Payer, Medicine & Culture, Holt and Co. 1996.
M.L. Lassey, W. R. Lassey and M.J. Jinks. 1997. Health Care Systems around the World.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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Schedule:
Date Topic
Aug 23 Introduction
Aug 25 Medicine & Culture: UK, US, Germany, France, Canada, Japan
Aug 30 The Malady of Health Care, VCR
Sept 1 Health Care Reform: U.S., U.K. and Canada
Sept 6 Sick Around the Word, DVD
Sept 8 Global Health in Developed Countries
Sept 13, 15 Group Presentations
Assignment No. 1 Due
Sept 20 Culture and Symptoms
Sept 22 Health care in Developing Countries
Sept 27 Community Health Workers in Kenya, DVD
Sept 29 Health Transition
Oct 4 Providing Health Care in Developing Countries
Oct 6 Global Health
Oct 11 October Break
Oct 13 Traditional/Alternative Healthcare
Sangoma, VCR
Oct 18 Ageing
Oct 20 RX for survival: Disease Warriors, DVD
Oct 25 Rx for Survival: How Safe are We?, DVD
Oct 27, Nov 1 Group Presentations
Nov 3 Global Health and the Older Adult
Nov 8 Global Health in Reproduction, Infants and Children
Nov 10 Gender and Health Issues
Nov 15 Infectious Diseases from a Global Perspective
Nov 17 Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS: A Global Epidemic
Nov 22 Medical Tourism
Nov 24 Thanksgiving
Nov 29,
Dec 1,6,8
Individual presentations
Assignment No. 3 Due
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Reading Assignments:
Aug. 23 Johnson, Comparative Health System, Chapts. 1-3
Aug. 23, 25 Reid, The Healing of America
Payer, Medicine & Culture
Aug. 30, Sept. 1 Lassey, Health Care Systems Around the World, Chapts. 3,4,5,6,7,10
Johnson, Comparative Health Care, Chapts. 4, 5, 8, 11
Sept. 6, 8 Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 1
Sept. 20, 22 Lassey, Health Care Systems Around the World, Chapts 1, 2
Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 1
Sept. 22, Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 2
Oct. 4, 6 Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 3, 4
Oct. 13 Holtz, Global health Care, Chapt. 8
Johnson, Comparative Health Care, Chapt. 23
Nov. 3 Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 18
Nov. 8 Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 16
Nov. 15, 17 Holtz, Global Health Care, Chapt. 7
Assignments:
There are no examinations in this class. Your grade is based on class participation and the following
assignments:
Class Participation: 10%
Each student will be responsible for attending class and actively participating in class discussions and
group assignments.
Assignment #1: 20% Due Sept 15
Lynn Payer in Medicine & Culture has observed: “…it is values, both individual and collective, both
the people's and the profession‟s, that govern the character and quality of clinical encounter on the
personal level, and the social contract on the political level ….differences in national character and
professional responses to patients‟ problems are important determinants of clinical care.
International comparisons that emphasize values, underlying paradigms and outcomes of care may
well yield greater understanding of the optimal ways in which to improve health and ameliorate
disease than traditional comparisons restricted to measures of facilities, labor, use and costs.
This assignment is a group project. Each student in the group is to prepare a 5-6 page paper
summarizing the health care system of one of the six countries: U.S., U.K., Canada, France,
Germany and Japan. Include information on your country from Reid, The Healing of America;
Johnson and Stoskopf, Comparative Health Systems; Lassey, Health Care Systems around the
World; Kebede-Francis, Global Health Disparities; the OECD Website and other sources in your
report. Each group will then prepare a joint 4-6 page report comparing the cultural differences
among the six countries and how these differences affect health care. Use a word processor in
preparing your report.
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Each group will make a 20 minute presentation based on your report. See the guide for class
presentations.
Assignment #2: 30% Due Oct 20
This assignment is a group project. Each student in the group will prepare a 6-8 page paper,
comparing one of six countries in terms of the social organization of health care, with special
emphasis on the role of cost and access to care. You should include 5-8 references. In addition, use
the OECD Health Data (available on the Website) to compare your countries on a variety of socio-
political and health dimensions (where possible). Choose one country from each of the following
lists of countries (or a country within a region). In addition to course materials, consult government
Websites for country specific information to assist you with this project.
List A List B List C List D
Switzerland Australia Eastern Europe Africa (any country)
The Netherlands New Zealand (any country) Middle East
Turkey Czech Republic China
Russia Israel
Hungary India
List E List F
Asia (other than Japan) Central or South America
Korea Mexico
Cuba
Each group will make a 30 minute presentation based on your report. See the guide for class
presentations.
Assignment #3: 40% Due Dec. 8
This is an individual project. Students are to prepare a 10-12-page paper, discussing the sociological
significance of one of the special topic areas covered during the semester. (e.g., healthcare for the
elderly, traditional healthcare, etc.) You are to compare the U.S. experience on the topic with the
experiences of at least two other countries. Provide specific references for your material. Include 8-
10 references. You are to present your project in class using Power Point. You will have 15
minutes for your presentation.
Grading You are expected to attend and participate in each class. One point will be deducted for each class
that you miss. In case of an illness or emergency, please notify me before class. I will determine
whether or not to excuse you from class on that day. Assignments are due on the date indicated in
the syllabus. A point will be deducted for each day that an assignment is late.
Group projects will be graded on both your contribution to the group effort and your specific written
portion of the project.
Final grades will be based on the following:
Points Grade
100-99 A+
98-93 A
92-90 A-
89-88 B+
87-83 B
82-80 B-
Points Grade
79-78 C+
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77-73 C
72-70 C-
69-68 D+
67-63 D
62-60 D-
59-0 F
Evaluation Criteria for Written Assignments (adapted from the GRE scoring guide)
An “A” paper presents a cogent, well-articulated analysis of the complexities of the topic and
conveys the meaning of this complexity with skill. A typical paper in this category will:
• Clearly identify all critical features of the topic, including competing positions, and present
an insightful position on the topic. Graduate students are expected to present and
defend an original position.
•Develop this position with compelling arguments and/or persuasive examples
•Sustain a well-focused, well-organized analysis which connects your ideas in a logical
progression, with clear transitions, and builds to a persuasive, forward-looking
conclusion
•Express ideas fluently and precisely, use effective vocabulary and sentence variety
•Demonstrate excellent facility with the conventions of standard English with no errors of
grammar, usage, or mechanics. The paper will use a standard bibliographic reference
style. The paper will be proofread for other technical errors (page numbering,
“widows” etc).
•Refer to a variety of sources (academic publications, “grey literature” from NGOs, popular
print media, professional peer-reviewed scholarly websites, popular websites), but the
bulk (80%) of the argument is based on peer-reviewed scholarly sources (unless the
topic of the paper is specifically an analysis of popular sources)
•Include all the standard components of a written assignment, including but not limited to:
cover page (title, course details, personal contact information), page numbers on all
pages except title page, sub-headings, introduction with thesis, hypothesis, or
research questions clearly articulated, paper summary AND conclusion – conclusion
is forward-looking with ideas for further research or suggestions for interventions.
See “Final Paper Checklist” in your syllabus for a more complete list.
•A few, minor errors are permitted if they do not interfere with the clarity of the argument or
flow of the paper
A “B” paper presents a generally thoughtful, well-developed analysis of the complexities of the topic
and conveys the meaning of this complexity clearly. A typical paper in this category will:
•Present a well-considered position on the topic
•Develop the position with logically sound reasons and/or well-chosen examples
•Be focused and well organized, connecting ideas appropriately
•Express ideas clearly and well, using appropriate vocabulary and sentence variety
•Demonstrate good facility with the conventions of standard English but may have some
minor errors of grammar, usage, or mechanics. The paper will use a standard
bibliographic reference style. The paper may have some other technical errors (page
numbering, “widows” etc).
•Refer to a variety of sources (academic publications, “grey literature” from NGOs, popular
print media, professional peer-reviewed scholarly websites, popular websites), but less
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than the bulk (80%) of the argument is based on peer-reviewed scholarly sources
(unless the topic of the paper is specifically an analysis of popular sources)
•Include all the standard components of a written assignment, including but not limited to:
cover page (title, course details, personal contact information), PAGE NUMBERS,
sub-headings, introduction with thesis, hypothesis, or research questions clearly
articulated, paper summary AND conclusion – conclusion is forward-looking with
ideas for further research or suggestions for interventions. See “Final Paper
Checklist” in your syllabus for a more complete list.
A “C” paper demonstrates some competence in its analysis of the issue and in conveying its meaning,
but is obviously flawed in at least ONE of the following ways:
•Is vague or limited in presenting or developing a position on the topic
•Is weak in the use of relevant arguments or evidence
•Is poorly focused and/or organized
•Has problems of language and sentence structure that interfere with the clarity of the
argument
•Contains occasional major errors or frequent minor errors in grammar, usage or mechanics
that interfere with the clarity of the argument
•Does not refer to a variety of sources as described above
•Is missing some of the standard components of a written assignment as described above
General Guidelines for Papers:
All papers must be typed, with 1 inch margins and in 12 point font (times new roman or similar)
and double spaced. Papers can be turned in directly to me or emailed to the instructor (receipt of
email papers will be confirmed by return email). The student is responsible for ensuring that the
paper has reached the instructor by the deadline. The instructor is not liable for lost papers,
undelivered e-mails or unreadable attachments. Late papers will be penalized (it doesn‟t matter
why they were late unless you have a doctor‟s written excuse). For each day late (day 1 = the
day the paper is due past the stated deadline or end of class) the paper will be reduced by 10% of
the grade. Papers that are more than one week late, without prior permission from the instructor,
will not be graded and will receive a 0 (unless you were in a coma or being held hostage – proof
is required).
Cite your work. If you are unsure of how to reference or what should be referenced – see the
instructor or consult the writing center. All quotations or numbers (facts and figures) must be
referenced with a page number. Paraphrases or summaries of other‟s work or ideas must be
referenced with the author and year.
The best references are from recent, peer-reviewed journals. Books may be used for general
information, but remember they are generally out of date by the time they are published and are
not peer-reviewed. Web sites may be used with caution. Anyone can put information on a
website – Bob‟s Globalization Website is not an appropriate website to reference, even if you like
what Bob has to say. Only websites that are maintained by reputable organizations – like the
World Health Organization – are appropriate. Generally, if you can‟t tell when the information
was put on the website, or why the authors are experts, you shouldn‟t use that site. If you have
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any doubts, check with the instructor. (Also, 22e Evaluating Web Sites at
www.lib.Berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/Evaluate.html) You will lose points on your
papers if you use inappropriate websites as references (the amount of points depends on how
much your argument relies on this reference).
Group Presentation
Groups will consist of 6 students assigned to a specific set of countries. The presentation will
focus on a comparison of health care delivery and/or health problems specific to those countries
and must be presented on power point. Each group will have a total of 20 minutes. Each group
presentation should include a 15 minute presentation and 5 minutes for discussion of the issues in
focus. Presentations are limited to 20 minutes (additional question/discussion time will not count
against the group). The group‟s written reports are due on Sept. 15 and Oct. 20. Correct and
appropriate referencing is also required for presentations.
Final Paper/Project:
10-15 pages.
This is an individual paper but one that should be related to your oral presentation but be more
specific and in-depth. What is the problem? How is this problem being dealt with on a local and
national scale in each of the countries? How is this problem being dealt with on an international
scale (this is where globalization comes in)?
A minimum of 8-10 references are required for this paper (but for most, I would recommend
more).
Final Papers are Due Thursday December 8th, 2011 by 11:59 pm.
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Introduction
Sociology and the Study of the Social Organization of Health Care
*Annandale, Ellen A. 1998. “The Theoretical Origins and Development of the Sociology of Health
and Illness.” Chapter 1 in E.A. Annadale, The Sociology of Health and Medicine: A Critical
Introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.
*Mechanic, C. D. 1975. “The Comparative Study of Health Care Delivery Systems.” Annual
Review of Sociology 21:43-65.
*Mechanic, D. and D. A. Rochefort. 1996. “Comparative Medical Systems.” Annual Review of
Sociology 22:239-270.
The Cultural Context of Health, Illness and Medicine
Airhhenbuwa, C.B. Health and Culture beyond the Western. Paradigm, Sage Publications
Loustauneau, M.O. and Sobo, E.J. 1997. The Cultural Context of Health, Illness and Medicine.
Westport, CT: Bergin and Carvey.
#Lypton, D. 1994. Medicine as Culture. Sage Publications
*Payer, L. 1996. Medicine and Culture. Holt and Co.
*Zola, I.K., 1966 . “Culture and Symptoms –An Analysis of Patients Presenting Complaints” ASR,
31: 615-630.
*Zborowski, M. 1952. “Cultural Components in Responses to Pain,” Journal of Social Issues 8: 16-
30.
Comparing Health Care Systems
Blank, R.H. and v. Burau, 2004. Comparative Health Policy, New York, Palgrave MacMillan.
*Blendon, Robert et al. 1995. “Who Has the Best Health Care System? A Second Look.” Health
Affairs 14(4):220-230.
*Cately-Carlson, M. 1992. “Global Considerations Affecting the Health Agenda of the 1990s,”
Academic Medicine, 67:419-424.
Cross-National Trends in Health Policy, 2003. Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law,
28(4):Aug 2003.
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*Curtis, Sarah and Ann R. Taket. 1996. Health and Societies: Changing Perspectives. New York:
Arnold.
#Field, M. S. (Ed.) 1989. Success and Crisis in National Health Systems: A Comparative
Approach. New York: Routledge. (UK, Canada, France, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, Switzerland,
US, former USSR, Yugoslavia).
*Gallagher, E.B. 1989. “A Two-Pronged Foray into the Comparative Study of Health Care
Systems.” Sociological Forces:173-180.
#Gallagher, Eugene B. and Joan Ferrante. 1995. “Toward an Analysis of Medicalization in the
Global Context.” Pp. 332-345 in Eugene B. Gallagher and Janardan Subedi (eds), Global
Perspectives on Health Care. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Godt, P. 1987. Confirmation, Consent, and Corporatism: State Strategies and the Medical
Profession in France, Great Britain and West Germany. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law
12(3):459.
#Ham, Christopher. 1990. Health Check: Health Care Reforms in an International Context.
London: King’s Fund. (Canada, Netherlands, Sweden, W.Germany, US, UK).
Worldwide Health Trends 2003. Health Affairs, Special Issue. 22(3)
Global Health Priorities 2006. Health Affairs, Special Issue, 25(2).
Global Health. 2009. Health Affairs, Special Issue, 28(4).
Hsaio, W.C. 1992. Comparing Health Care Systems: What Nations Can Learn from One Another.
Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 17(4):613.
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Their Characteristics.” Pp. 1-25 in Lassey et al, Health Care Systems Around the World.
Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall.
#Light, D.W. 1994. “Comparative Models of Health Care” In The Sociology of Health and Illness:
Critical Perspectives. 4th ed., NY: St Martins Press
*Mechanic, D. 1975. “The Comparative Study of Health Care Delivery Systems,” Annual Review of
Sociology l: 43-65.
Potter, M.A. and Porter, J. 1989. American Perspectives on British National Health Service: Five
Myths. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 14(2):341.
*Roemer, M. I. 1993. “National Health Systems throughout the World.” Annual Review of Public
Health 14:335-353.
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*Roemer, M. I. 1991. National Health Systems of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2
volumes (covers nearly all nations).
*Saltman, R. B. 1988. International Handbook of Health Care Systems. New York: Greenwood
Press. (covers Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Egypt, Hungary, Israel, Mozambique, Nigeria, Poland,
Saudi Arabia, Turkey, former USSR.)
Smith, P. 2002. Performance Management in British Health Care: Will It Deliver? Health Affairs
21(3):103-168.
*WHO. 1998. The World Health Report 1998: Life in the 21st Century--A Vision for All. World
Health Organization.
#Health Care Systems and Their Patients: An International Perspective. Boulder: Westview Press,
1992. (Australia, UK, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, New Zealand Sweden,
US, former USSR).
“Methodological and Conceptual Issues in Health Care System Comparisons: Canada, Norway and
the United States.” The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy (18 Oct.1993): 437-476.
Health Systems in an Era of Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities for North America. 1995.
Washington DC: Institute of Medicine. (Canada, Mexico, US).
Health Care Costs
Anderson, G.F. et al. 1003. “It‟s the Prices Stupid: Why the U.S. is so Different From Other
Countries”. Health Affairs 22(3):89-105.
*Anderson, Gerard F. and Jean-Pierre Poullier. 1999. “Health Spending, Access, and Outcomes:
Trends in Industrialized Countries.” Health Affairs 18(3):178-192.
*Evans, R. W. and G. L. Stoddard. 1990. “Producing Health, Consuming Health Care.” Social
Science and Medicine 31:1347-1363.
*Evans, R. G. 1996. “Marketing Markets, Regulators: Who Gains? Who Loses? What Hopes:
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Global Health Financing (2007), Health Affairs, Special Issue 26(4)
Health Spending Worldwide, 2005. Health Affairs. Special Issue . 24(4).
Hughes, C. et al. 2002. “The Costs of Constraint and Prospects for Health Care Reform in Canada.”
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Ikegami, N. and J.C. Campbell. 2004. “Japan‟s Health Care System: Containing Costs and
Attempting Reform,” Health Affairs 23(3): 26-36r
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Ikegami, N. 1992. “Japan: Maintaining Equity through Regulated Fees.” Journal of Health Politics,
Policy and Law. 17(4):689.
#Lassey, M.L. et al. 1997. “Economic Organization of Health Care: Comparative Perspectives.” Pp.
333-349 in Health Care Systems Around the World.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
*OECD. 1990. Health Care Systems in Transition: The Search for Efficiency. Paris: OECD.
#OECD. 1993. OECD Health Systems. Paris: OECD.
*Peters, David H, et.al. 1999. Health Expenditures, Services, and Outcomes in Africa: Basic Data
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Pfaff, M. 1990. “Differences in Health Care Spending Across Countries: Statistical Evidence.”
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Reinhardt, U.E. et al. 2004. “U.S. Health Care Spending in an International Context,” Health Affairs
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Health Care Quality
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Countries.” Health Affairs 21(3). http://130.94.25.113/library/v01v3/s9.pdf.
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Blendon, R.J. et al. 2003. “Common Concerns amid Diverse Systems: Health Care Experiences in
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Blendon, R. et al. 2001. “Physician‟s Views on Quality of Care: A Five Country Comparison.”
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(eds.) Society, Health and Disease: Transcultural Perspectives.
*Goldstein, Ellen, et.al. 1996. Trends in Health Status, Services, and Finance. World Bank
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* “Measuring Plan Performance: Quality in an Information Age.” Health Affairs 17(4). July/August
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Access
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Wilsford, D. 1995. “States Facing Interests: Struggles over Health Care Policy in Advanced,
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Gender and Health
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Change in South Asia. Sage.
*Laurence, Leslie and Beth Weinhouse. 1998. Outrageous Practices: How Gender Bias Threatens
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*Yu, Mei-Yu and Rosemary Saari. 1997. “Women‟s Health Status and Gender Inequality in
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15
Health Care: Traditional, Alternative, Complementary, and Conventional
*Astin, J.A. 1998. “Why People Use Alternative Medicine: Results of a National Study.” Journal of
the American Medical Association 279:1548-1553
*Cant, S.L. and M. Calnan. 1991. “On the Margins of the Medical Marketplace? An Exploratory
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*Conrad, P. 1992. “Medicalization and Social Control.” Annual Review of Sociology 18:209-232.
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*Fontanarosa, P. and G. Lundberg. 1997. “Complementary, Alternative and Unconventional and
Integrative Medicine.” Journal of the American Medical Association 278:2111-2112.
Goldner, Melinda. 1999. “How Alternative Medicine is Changing the Way Consumers and
Practitioners Look at Quality, Planning of Services, and Access in the United States.” Research in
the Sociology of Health Care 16:55-74.
#Goldstein, Michael S. 1999. Alternative Health Care: Medicine, Miracle, or Mirage?
Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
#Kaptchuk, T. 1997. “The Gap between Conventional Medicine and Alternative Therapies.” Pp.
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*Longino, Charles. 1998. “The Limits of Scientific Medicine: Paradigm Strain and Social Policy.”
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*McKeown, T. 1976. The Role of Medicine: Dream, Mirage, or Nemesis? London: Nuffield
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*Root-Bernstein, Robert Scott and Michele Root-Bernstein. 1997. Honey, Mud, Maggots, and
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*Taylor, Christopher C. 1992. Milk, Honey, and Money: Changing Concepts in Rwandan Healing.
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16
*Zeichner, Christine I. 1988. Modern and Traditional Health Care in Developing Societies:
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Health Care Reform
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Lessons from Abroad 2001. Health Affairs, Special Issue 20(3)
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Medical Technology
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*Banta. H. David. 1986. “Medical Technology and Developing Countries: The Case of Brazil.”
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*Banta, H. David and Bryan Luce. 1993. Health Care Technology and Its Assessment: An
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London: Chapman & Hall Medical for the Royal Society. (International comparisons).
*Rettig, R. A. 1994. “Medical Innovation Duels Cost Containment.” Health Affairs 13(3):7-27.
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*Schwartz, William B. 1998. Life Without Death: The Pursuit of Medical Utopia. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
Health and the Environment
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Brown, Phil. 1995. “Popular Epidemiology, Toxic Waste and Social Movements.” Pp. 91-112 in J.
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Aging Populations and Long Term Care
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*Barker, Judith C., Joelle Morrow and Linda S. Mitteness. 1998. “Gender, Informal Social Support
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*Feder, Judith. 1991. “Improving Public Financing for Long Term Care: The Political Challenge.”
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*Generations, special issue on integration of acute and long-term care for the elderly in a changing
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Glendinning, Caroline, Michaela Schunk and Eithne McLaughlin. 1997. “Paying for Long Term
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*Journal of Applied Gerontology, special issue on rural nursing homes, 1996 vol.15.
Journal of Gerontological Social Work, special issue on cross-cultural practices of long term care,
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#Kraan, R.J. et al. 1991. Care for the Elderly: Significant Innovations in Three European
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*Quadagno, Jill. 1999. “Creating a Capital Investment Welfare State: The New American
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*Tran, Thanh V. 1998. “Ethnicity, Gender and Social Stress among Three Groups of Elderly
Hispanics.” Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 12(4):341-356.
*Wallace, Steven P. Lene Levy-Storms and Raynard Kington. 1998. “The Persistence of Race and
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21
Rationing
*Ayres, Philip J. 1996. “Rationing Health Care: Views from General Practice.” Social Science &
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*Barry, Robert L. and Gerald V. Bradley. 1991. Set No Limits: A Rebuttal to Daniel Callahan’s
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*Binstock, Robert H. 1994. “Old-Age-Based Rationing: From Rhetoric to Risk?” Generations
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*Callahan, Daniel. Setting Limits.
*Conrad, Peter. 1993. “Rationing Medical Care: A Sociological Reflection.” Research in the
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*Goold, Susan D. 1996. “Allocating Health Care: Cost-Utility Analysis, Informed Democratic
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*Gross, Edith B. 1994. “Health Care Rationing: Its Effects on Cardiologists in the United States
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*Hughes, David and Lesley Griffiths. 1997. “‟Ruling In‟ and „Ruling Out‟: Two Approaches to
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*Kuder, Linda Brasfield and Phillip W. Roeder. 1995. “Attitudes Toward Age-Based Health Care
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*Phelps, C. E. 1994. “Rationing Alternatives for Medical Care.” Annual Review of Public Health
15:413-436.
*Schroeder, S. A. 1994. “Rationing Medical Care--A Comparative Perspective.” The New England
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Public Health: Epidemics and Catastrophes
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Gulford Press.
#Bethel, E.R. 1995. AIDS: Readings on A Global Crisis. Allyn and Bacon
*Bloor, Michael. 1995. The Sociology of HIV Transmission. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.
(Developed and developing countries).
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Chapman, D.C. et al. 1989. The Cultural Dimensions of Alcohol Policy Worldwide. Health Affairs
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207.
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Levy, Barry S. and Victor W. Sidal (eds). War and Public Health. New York: Oxford University
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*Turshen, Meredith. 1989. The Politics of Public Health. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University
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#UNAIDS/WHO. Report on the Global HIV/AIDS. Epidemic, June, 1998.
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Contemporary Health Inequalities
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Blendon, R. et al. 2002. “Trends: Inequities in Health Care: A Five Country Survey.” Health Affairs
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23
*Freund, Peter E.S. and Meredith B. McGuire. 1999. “Who Becomes Sick, Injured, or Dies?” pp.
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*Williams, David R. and Chiquita Collins. 1995. “U.S. Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in
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Biomedical Ethical Issues
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Regulation of Pharmaceutical Institutions
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Barton J.H. 2004. “TRIPS and the Global Pharmaceutical Market,” Health Affairs 23(3):146-154.
Danzon, P.M. and M.F. Furukaua. 2003. “Prices and Availability of Pharmaceuticals: Evidence
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24
Frequently Used Journals
Social Science Journals in Health and Illness
*International Journal of Health Services (Baywood, quarterly)
*Journal of Health and Social Behavior (ASA, quarterly)
Qualitative Health Research (Sage, quarterly)
*Social Science & Medicine (Pergamon Press, 24 issues/year)
Sociology of Health and Illness: A Journal of Medical Sociology (Basil Blackwell, quarterly)
*Research in the Sociology of Health Care (JAI, annual)
Hastings Center Report
Kennedy Institute Ethics Journal
Journal of Medical Ethics
Sources on Current Issues, Social Policy and Health Ethics
Critical Public Health (Carfax, quarterly)
*Health Affairs (Project HOPE, bimonthly)
*Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law (Duke, quarterly)
*Milbank Quarterly (Milbank Memorial Fund, quarterly)
Medical and Public Health Journals
*American Journal of Public Health (APHA, monthly)
*Journal of the American Medical Association (weekly)
*The Lancet (weekly)
*New England Journal of Medicine (weekly)
Websites:
http://www.commonwealthfund.org
http://www.nih.gov
http://www.oecd.org http://www.unaids.org/publications/order.html
http://www.who.int/whr/2001/archives/2000/en/contents.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed
http://www.asa-asn.org/special/hiv/ethics.res.html
http://www.med.upenn.edu/bioethic
http://www.cdc.gov
http://www.gen.emory.edu/MEDWEB/keyword/bioethics/bioethics.html
http://www.ama-assn.org/public/journals/jama/jamahome.htm
http://www.ovid.lib.purdue/ovid
http://www.communityhealth.hrsa.gov
http://kuuc.chair.ulaval.ca/english/master.php?url=bulletin.php