DEPRESSIONDEPRESSION

Dr Ros Weston

Psychology

DSM IV ClinicalDSM IV ClinicalCharacteristicsCharacteristics

See attached sheet

&

Anaclitic depression

Advantages &

Disadvantages

Of

DSM IVDSM IV

&

Theories as well

as causation

EvidenceEvidenceFamily studies

Gershon (1990)on genetic factors in first

degree relatives(or depression andbi-polar disorders )2-3rate for normal

population.Egeland (1987) studied

Amish – Eleve / 81Relatives in one familyAffected – against trend

of lowlevel in Amish community.

Gene mapping may bepossible in future.

Hodgekinson (1987)Extended

families in Iceland – no evidence

of geo.Perhaps it is ‘social learning’

in depressive families.Adoption studies (Wender et

al)Twin Studies Allen

(1976;Betelsen et al (1977))

TheoriesTheories Permissive Amine Theory

e.g. noradrenalin & serotonin

dopamine may be involved.

So neuro – transmitter originate

(Kety, 1975)

Tueting et al (1981) Treatment : Anti-depressants

‘Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

“Treatment aetiology fallacy” Biological : Endocrine system

e.g. PMT

(Abramowity et al (1982)) PPD (Post Natal Depression) Coati sol (stress)

Barlow & Durand, (1995))

Also - Depression Schemes in Cognitive Model.

(Beck & Clark 1988) Cognitive triad

• Depression & Diet trypohan & serotonin in

carbonate intake.

Causation Causation ExplanationExplanation

All your approaches

(choose 2+2 as back up) or

use Multi-dimensional model.

“Theory of learned helpenen” Seligman

Stress Diathesis

Causation Evolutionary

Psychologicalfactors

-Culture Biochemistry-Social factors Neurochemistry-experience Interactivity

Culture between all of these

Social Genesfactors

BiologyExperience