DEPT OF BOTANY

PROGRAMME OUTCOME

i)B.Sc BOTANY

A. Knowledge and understanding of:

1. The range of plant diversity in terms of structure, function and environmental

relationships.

2. The evaluation of plant diversity.

3. Plant classification and the British flora.

4. The role of plants in the functioning of the global ecosystem.

5. A selection of more specialized, optional topics.

6. Statistics as applied to biological data.

Program Specific Outcome B.Sc Botany PSO 1:Understand the importance of plants ,their diversity and its conservation PSO 2: Understand contribution of botany in increase and improve our supply of medicines, food ,fibers and other plant products. PSO 3 : Understand health and environmental protection and to solve the pollution problems. ii)M.Sc BOTANY Programme outcome

1. Clear, comprehensive and advanced mastery in the field of Botany.

2. Understand the advanced areas of biological sciences with special reference to

Botany and its applied branches.

3. Skill in practical work, experiments, use of biological tool and techniques

4. Expertise in statistical analyses of data for better interpretations and problem-

solving.

5. Confidence to apply the acquired knowledge in practical life so as to make our

country self reliant.

6. Ability to suggest innovative programs to care for nature and life for

sustainable development.

7. Awareness to explore the intricacies of life forms at the cellular, molecular and

nano level.

8. Inspiration to disseminate the concept of biodiversity conservation.

9. Problem-solving skills in students to carry out innovative research projects

thereby enkindling in them the spirit of knowledge creation.

Program Specific Outcomes M.Sc Botany

PSO1. Understand the nature and basic concepts of plant cell biology,

Biochemistry, Taxonomy, physiology ,anatomy genetics and ecology in master

level.

PSO2. Analyse the relationships among different types of plants and microbes

PSO3. Perform procedures as per laboratory standards in the areas of

Biochemistry, Bioinformatics, Taxonomy, Economic Botany and Ecology

DEPT OF BOTANY

Course Outcome BSc

1.Angiosperm anatomy

1. Understand different types of plant tissues.

2. Understand the internal structure of different plant organs with reference to their functions.

3. Understand the process of normal and anomalous secondary thickening in plants.

4. Know the morphological and anatomical adaptations of plants growing in different habitats.

5. To understand the applications of anatomy in taxonomy

6. To differentiate the anatomical features of various groups of plants

2. Research methodology and micro technique

1. Make the student aware of the nature of the very large amount of detailed information about

ourselves and other species that has become available.

2. Understand the students about the research methodologies in science

3. To familiarize the major instruments like microscopes, centrifuges, etc. and their working

4. Understand the evolving state of knowledge in a rapidly developing field.

5. To familiarize the biophysical methods in science

6. To provide a knowledge about different micro-preparation methods

3. Micro biology, mycology, plant pathology

1. To familiarize the world of microbes to the students

2. Understand the diversity of microbes with respect to Viruses ,Bacteria, Fungi and Lichens 3. To have a

thorough understanding of the techniques involved in microbiology

4. To understand the diversity of microorganisms

5. To understand the various diseases of plants, causative agents and their control measures 6. To

appreciate the economic importance of microorganisms

4. Phycology, Bryology & Pteridology

1. Acquire fundamental knowledge in plant science and to make the student to understand that Botany

is an integral part of the human life and developments.

2. Foster and encourage an attitude of curiosity, appreciation and enquiry of various life forms of plants

3. Understand the indentifying characters of the different types included in the syllabus

4. Understand the diversity of plants with respect to Algae, , Bryophytes , Pteridophytes

5. To understand the morphological, anatomical features of each group of plants described in the

syllabus 6. To study the evolution within these major groups.

5. Gymnosperms, Paleobotany, Phytogeography and Evolution

1. Acquire fundamental knowledge in gymnosperms, fossils, phytogeography

2. Understand the identifying characters of the different types included in the syllabus

3. Understand the evolution of different plant forms

4. Understand the significance of modern technology to locate the distribution of endangered species.

5. To understand the various theories of evolution

6. To analyze the phytogeographical distribution of various plants

6. Angiosperm Morphology and systematics

1. Understand and apply the basic principles and rules of botanical nomenclature, and

use taxonomic literature.

2. Be familiar with methods of systematics, both traditional and modern.

3. Apply a working vocabulary used in description of plant structures.

4. Understand the history of classification, and recognize various systems of classifying angiosperms.

5. Use dichotomous keys for the identification of plant species.

6. To appreciate the different morphological adaptations of plants

7. Embryology, Palynology, Economic Botany, Ethnobotany and Horticulture

1. Acquaint the student with the history and evolution of crop plants, and their diversity.

2. Familiarize the student with the available plant genetic wealth and the measures adopted for the

conservation of these resources.

3. Help the student to identify the crop plants and their wild relatives.

4. To study about the plants used as ethno-medicines

5. To study about the major tribes in Kerala

4. Help the student to explore the potentialities of various underutilized plants to project as the future

food prospects.

8. General and Bioinformatics, Introductory Biotechnology, Molecular Biology

1. Make the student aware of the nature of the very large amount of detailed information about

ourselves and other species that has become available.

2. Make the student aware of the role of computers and computer science in the investigations and

applications of these data.

3. To understand the various biotechnological techniques like recombinant DNA technology, PCR,

blotting etc.

4. To study about various approaches in tissue culture like meristem culture, somatic embryogenesis etc.

5. Make him/her aware of the range of applications of bioinformatics to molecular biology, clinical

medicine, pharmacology, biotechnology, agriculture, forensic science, anthropology and other

disciplines

6. To appreciate the applications of biotechnology

9. Open Course-Applied Botany

1. Understand the importance of horticulture in human welfare.

2. Understand the propagation and cultural practices of useful vegetable, fruit and garden plants.

3. Understand the impact of modern technologies in biology on horticultural plants.

4. Understand the basic concepts of landscaping and garden designing.

5. To understand the methods of organic farming, vermiculture, mushroom cultivation etc.

6. To familiarize with the plant protection methods

10. Genetics and Plant breeding

1. Understand the basic genetic make up of plants

2. Familiarize the student with the history and evolution of crop plants, and their diversity.

3. Familiarize the student with the available plant genetic wealth and the measures adopted for the

conservation of these resources.

4. Understand various conventional plant propagation methods in agriculture

5. To understand the various modern plant propagation methods

6. To understand the achievements of various plant breeding institutions

11. Plant Physiology and Metabolism

1. Understand the mechanism of various physiological processes related to plant life.

2. Understand the various metabolic pathways in plants

3. To study about the structure and function of various primary and secondary metabolites

4. To study about the various theories related to ascent of sap

5. To study about different types of macro and micronutrients and their roles in plants

6. To appreciate the roles of different phyto -hormones in plants.

12. Cell Biology and Biochemistry

. 1. To understand the ultra structure and functioning of the cell at submicroscopic and

molecular level.

2. To study about the special type of chromosomes

3. To differentiate mitosis and meiosis stages

4. To study about the various chromosomal aberrations

5. To understand the structure and function of different biomolecules

6. To familiarize with the different classes of enzymes

13. Environmental Sciences

1. To enable students to create an awareness on aspects of the ecosystem and interactions within the

system

2. Have an idea on diverse group of plants, their survival and their interactions in different environments

3. Understand the flow of energy & route of elements through the ecosystem

4. Assess the inter-relationship between organisms at population & community level

5. To understand the characters of different types of ecosystems

6. To understand about the different types of environmental pollutions

14. Elective-Genetics and Crop improvement

1. Understand the floral biology of different crops

2. Familiarize with different plant breeding institutions

3. Understand the different plant breeding methods

4. To study about various abiotic stress breeding methods

5. To study about the disease/pest resistance breeding in plants

6. To study about the angiosperm parasites

Practicals of BSc

Practicals aims to test the candidates skill in understanding specific task and do the same in stipulated

time in the best possible way rather than their theoretical knowledge.

Practical paper 1.

1.To identify different types of Tissues,vascular bundles and stomata. To study the primary structure of

stem,root, and leaf of dicots and monocots

2.Work out the problems related to mean, median,mode,and standard deviation .

3.To acquire the method of simple staining and Gram staining of Curd.

4.To identify various plant diseases, pathogen and symptoms and control measures .

5. To identify different lower plants like Algae, Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

6.To familiarize the technique of algal herbariums.

Practical paper 2.

1. To understand the morphology and Anatomy of gymnosperm materials like Cycas, Pinus and Gnetum.

2. To understand the phytogeographical zones of India and World.

3. To understand different types of inflorescences and fruits mentioned in the syllabus.

4. To observe and study the taxonomic features of two members from each family mentioned in the

syllabus.

5. To observe different types of ovules . 6. To identify different economically and ethanobotanically

important plants.

Practical paper 3.

1. To work out problems related to monohybrid cross, Dihybrid cross, testcross, epistasis. Also problems

related to chromosome mapping .

2. To learn the technique of emasculation and hybridization.

3. To learn the various experiments related to plant physiology.

4. To identify various stages of mitosis and meiosis.

5. To analysevarious biochemical molecules. 6. To understand about various types of plant

communities.

Course OutcomeM.Sc

BO01CT01; Phycology, Bryology, Pteridology and Gymnosperms

1.To understand various classification of Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Pteridophytes.

2.To understand morphological and anatomocalfeatures of lower plants like algae bryophytes

,pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

3.To acquire a basic knowledge about the economic importance of algae ,bryophytes ,pteridophytes and

Gymnosperms.

4.To understand the origin and evolution of bryophytes.

5. To understand the phylogenetic importance of Gymnosperms.

6. To understand the contribution of Indian pteridologists.

BO01CT02; Mycology and Lichenology, Microbiology and Plant Pathology

1.To impart basic knowledge about lower plants such as , fungi, Lichen and the diseases caused by these

organuisms in plants.

2.This will give an account on the life cycle,habitat, anatomy, classification and its involvement in t he

life cycle of other memebers of living world.

3.Tounder stand the basic knowledge about microorganisms like Bacteria, Cyanobacteria,Viruses,

Actinomycetes, and Mycoplasma.

4.To understand about Microbial ecology and Agricultural Microbiology.

5.To study the principles of Plant Pathology and plant disease management.

6.To study various symptoms of plant disease and the process of infection

BO01CT03; Angiosperm Anatomy, Embryology, Palynology and Lab Techniques

1. To gain knowledge of plant cells , tissues and their functions.

2. To make connections between plant anatomy and the other major disciplines of biology.

3.To identify and compare structural differences among different taxa of vascular plants.

4.To know the structure and development of monocot and dicot embryos.

5.To compare the function and morphology of pollen grains.

6. Describe and illustrate modern and fossil spores and pollen grains

BO02CT05; Cell Biology, Molecular Biology and Biophysics

1.Discuss the most significant discoveries and theories through the historical progress of biological

scientific discoveries, and their impacts on the development of molecular biology.

2. Explain the fundamental principles of phylogeny and systematics of the living world, with the

application of the principles of classification.

3. Link the structure of tissues, organs, organ systems and organisms with their functions in plants .

4. Compare the structure of eukaryotic cells with the structure of simpler prokaryotic cells and with the

structure of viruses

5.To understand about mutation and cancer, DNA repairing mechanisms.

6.To acquire knowledge about PH and buffer solutions,Chromatography, Electrophoresis,

Centrifugation, colorimetry and spectrophotometry.

BO02CT06; Cytogenetics, Genetics, Biostatistics Plant Breeding and Evolution

1.To describe linkage ,crossing over and mutations

2.To have knowledge of the nature and function of genes, processes of inheritance

3.To describe cell division in plants.

4.To explain the structure of Cell components and their functions.

5.To understand about linkage and gene mapping .

6.To understand about different aspects of plant breeding like selection, hybrization,mutation breeding,

polyploidy breeding and biotechnological approaches. ,

BO02CT07; Plant Ecology, ConservationBiology, Phytogeography and Forest Botany

1. To understand the concepts of plant Ecology

2. To enhance the knowledge of the students in wide array of plant and their interaction with the

environment

3. To understand the productivity and energyflow in different ecosystems.

4.To understand various threat to environment.

5.To understand various strategies of conservation.

6.To enhance the knowledge of social forestry and agroforestry.

BO02CT08 ;practicals

1. To observe various stages of mitosis and meiosis , and isolation of plastids and Mitochondria.

2. Working about the problems of molecular genetics.

3. Preparation of buffers and measurement of pH

4. Preparation of karyotype and ideogram of plant cells

5. Working about the problems from linkage, population genetics and quantitative genetics. 6.

Determination of minimum size of quadrat suitable for an area.

BO01CT08 ; practicals

1. To collect and study the different types of algae, fungi, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms

mentioned in the syllabus

2. To prepare herbarium sheets of algae, pteridophytes etc.

3. To analyze the morphological and structural features of bryophytes and pteridophytes

4. To identify the fossil pteridophytes and gymnosperms

5. To prepare semi and permanent microslide preparations

6. To analyze the pollen morphology and study of different types of ovules

BO03CT9 Plant physiology,Metabolsm and Biochemistry

1. To study about the properties of water, ascent of sap and mineral nutrition in plants

2. To study the nitrogen metabolism of plants

3. To understand about the major physiological process like, respiration and photosynthesis in plants

4. To study about the roles of phytohormones and their structure

5. To analyze the physiological adaptations under stress conditions in plants

6. To familiarize with the major biochemical pathways in plants

BO03CT10; Angiosperm Morphology and Taxonomy and Plant Resources

1.To study the principles of taxonomy of angiosperms

2. To know the local flora 3.To get training in the identification of angiospermous taxa

4. To appreciate the diversity of morphological traits in different angiospermic taxa

5. To study about the origin and evolution of various plant organs

6. To study the modern trends in taxonomy

BO03CT11; Biotechnology and Bioinformatics

1.Discuss the most significant discoveries and theories through the historical progress of biological

scientific discoveries, and their impacts on the development biotechnology.

2. To study the basic aspects of plant tissue culture.

3. To understand the different methods in biotechnology.

4. To appreciate the major applications of genetic engineering

5. To study the major methods in bioinformatics

6. To study the characters of large biological data using software

BO03CT12 practicals 1. To determine different kinds of pigments by leaf extraction

2. To understand enzyme extraction

3. To estimate protein content by using Biuret reagent

4. To collect and study the different types of flora mentioned in the syllabus

5. To understand preparation of culture media.

6. To acquire graphic processing skill by studying different kinds of software packages

BO04CT14 Elective I – Advanced Angiosperm Taxonomy

1. A deep and practical understanding of various aspects, and plant identification

2. A detailed understanding of Plant Nomenclature based on International Code of Botanical

nomenclature ICBN

3. Students will be able to have a deep knowledge in Historical and advanced systems of Plant

classification and detailed account of various types

4. A detailed understanding of Botanical Gardens, their role, Advanced methods in taxonomy including

numerical taxonomy and floral Imaging, Electronic herbarium and Digital Taxonomic Data bases

5. Geographic Distribution of Plant families and contributions of important Indian Taxonomists

6. A detailed understanding of 25 important angiosperm families important to our area

BO04CT13 Environmental Science Elective II – Environmental Biology and Biodiversity Conservation

1. Students will earn adequate knowledge in Population and Community Ecology including Human

Population Dynamics

2. A detailed understanding of Major Global Environmental Challenges, Global Initiatives of

Conservation and protection of environment and International and National Environmental Laws

3. A deeper understanding various thoughts on Ecology and Eco philosophy of International and Indian

ecophilosophers and scientists

4. A detailed understanding of Biodiveristy, Biodiversity management, data bases and sustainable use

5. An understanding of Wetlands, Mangroves and Forest Types of Kerala and Global perspective on

conservation, Preservation and Restoration of biomes and ecossytems

6. A brief outline of modern concept and term in ecology and biodiversity such as IPR, Ecological Foot

Print, Cybernetics and role of NGOs and Educational institutions in Conservation

7. A brief understanding of Climate Change and its impacts and disaster management

BO04CT15 Practicals Practicals of Elective Paper I

1. The students will be able understand floristic composition of important ecosystem of south India with

preparation of Checklist

2. Practical familiarisation of 25 families and its plants through collection and preparation of Herbaria

3. Practical knowledge in collection, morphological analaysis, identification, herbarium preparation and

nomenclature of Angiosperms

4. Phenology observations of Angiosperms and understanding of flowering pattern

BO04CT16 Practicals Practicals of Elective paper II

1. Filed level knowledge on local Ecosystems, Its environment and biodiversity

2. Practical understanding of Waste Water Treatment, quality testing of water through Dissolved

Oxygen and BOD

3. Physical and Chemical analysis of Soil and Water

4. Practical knowledge on Community Studies, Mapping and biological spectrum

5. Practical understanding of Ecological succession