depth of field - san francisco state universityonline.sfsu.edu/weimin/art/530depth of...
TRANSCRIPT
Depth of Field
Depth of Field The distance range between the nearest
and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus.
Depth of field depends on the lens opening, the focal length of the lens, and the distance from the lens to the subject.
The General Principles that Govern Depth of Field
Greater depth of field Less depth of field
Wide-angle lenses Telephoto lenses
High f-stop(small aperture) Low f-stop (wide aperture)
Subject far away from camera Subject close to camera
F-5.6 F-2.8
F-11 F-22
・First is a 35mm movie camera. ・Second is a 16mm movie camera (or a 2/3 inch broadcasting camera). ・Third is a 1/3 inch pro-consumer DV (Panasonic DVX100, Panasonic HVX-200) ・Forth is a consumer 1/4 inch mini -DV camera (Canon GL1, Sony TRV900)
DOF and size of film frame vs. CCD chip
Film vs. Video
Film vs. Video
Selective focus Blue - directed by Krzystof Kieslowfski
Type of Close-ups Cut-in close-up: a magnified portion of the
preceding large scene. The audience’s curiosity should be satisfied by bringing them closer, otherwise the viewer may lose interest.
Cut-away close-up: is related to, but not a part of, the previous scene. Cut-away close-ups may be filmed from three camera angles: Objectively, Subjectively and point-of view.
The Power of Close-ups A properly chosen, expertly-filmed,
effectively-edited close-up can cause dramatic impact and visual clarity to the event.
Close-up should be considered from both visual and editorial standpoints.
Important in theatrical production: camera angle, image size and lighting of theatrical close-ups.
The Double Life of Veronique by Krzysztof Kieslowski
The Path Through the Film Camera
The Film Shutter
Reasons to Change the Shutter Angle
Adjusting the shutter angle affects the amount of time that film is exposed to light
Digital Camera Shutter
Digital camera use an electronic shutter to achieve their shutter speeds. The camera just records for a certain amount of time for each frame.
Higher shutter speeds is that individual frames appear sharper, due to the minimization of motion blur.
Shutter off 1/120 second 1/500 second
Camera Movement 1. Pans 2. Tilts 3. Dolly Shots 4. Hand-held shots 5. Crane Shots 6. Zoom Lenses 7. The Aerial Shot
Demo Dolly and Track
Camera movement: Tracks and skateboard dolly http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DC3ZONIhKug
DIY your own dolly and track: http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ajZRTo5rr2M&NR=1 demo: reflector and diffusion