desenvolvimentos recentes em surfactantes catiônicos para fabric care e car care – andras nagy...

Recent Developments in Cationic Surfactants for Fabric & Car Care

Andras Nagy, Ph.D.Applied Technology ManagerHousehold Care/CS NA

Agenda

Consumer Specialties | Business Line Household Care Page | 2

� Traditional and Unique Applications: Substantivity

� Antibacterial agents/Corrosion inhibitors/Asphalt emulsion/Ore flotation� Fabric softeners� Vehicle drying agents

� Emulsifiers/surfactants: cleaning/drying aids/protectants

� Anionic Scavengers – Softergents: car care - fabric care� Silicone Quats: special organomodified silicones

� Latest Developments: Smart molecules

� Low temperature dispersible fabric softener quat

� Readily biodegradable emulsifier for vehicle rinse aids

� Quats are positively charged ions, R being alkyl or aryl

group(s)

� Permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution.

� Cationic surfactants are salts of quaternary ammonium cations with an anion.

� Made by alkylation of tertiary amines

� Have hydrophobic tail(s), polar head(s) with positive charge(s) and counter-anion(s) with negative charge(s)

What Is a Cationic Surfactant (Quat)


X-

-

+ -

An Important PropertySubstantivity

� An attractive force is required to deposit caring

agents from dilute formulations to the target

surface

� Most surfaces are negatively charged mainly due

to oxidation

� The Coulomb attraction between cationic

surfactants and surfaces can be used as a

deposition mechanism

- - - - - - - -

Page | 4Consumer Specialties | Business Line Household Care

Traditional and Unique Applications


Antimicrobial Quats:� Disruption of intermolecular interactions (bacteriostatic, fungistatic, algistatic,

antiviral activity)

Corrosion Inhibitors:� Substantivity of the cationics will create protective coatings

Ore Flotation:� Quats will form monomolecular films on negative particles. Air bubbles will

float the hydrophobic components

Asphalt Emulsions:� Cationic emulsions will coat inorganic particles and metal surfaces even in

wet conditions (highway construction, vehicle undercoating)

Miscellaneous Applications:� Cosmetics, Hair conditioners, Pigment dispersants, etc.

Page | 6

Fabric Softening

1. Overview

2. Rinse Cycle Products

3. Dryer Cycle Products

Consumer Specialties | Business Line Household Care

Fabric Softeners OverviewPhase Behaviour of Quats

Double-chain cationic surfactants

form vesicles

from: J.N. Israelachvilli et al., J. Chem. Soc.,

Faraday Trans. II, 72 (1976) 1525-1568

+


Page | 8

Fabric Softening

1. Overview




Rinse Cycle Fabric Softeners:

1. Quats are heated and homogenized

How Are Fabric Softeners Made?


-

“heat” quat to T °C

T °C

-Homogenize



2. Dispersed into warm water



T °C

Disperse quatinto water at T °C; mix




3. Cooled down while being mixed



t °C

Cool to t °C; mix




3. Cooled down while mixed

4. Fragrances and other additives are added

How Do Fabric Softeners Work?


Add dye, fragrance, etc.; mix thoroughly



2. Dispersed into warm water3. Cooled down while mixed


5. These liquid softeners are added during the rinse cycle in the washing machine





2. Dispersed into warm water3. Cooled down while mixed


5. These liquid softeners are

added during the rinse cycle in the washing machine

6. The positively charged molecules are attached to the negative fibers to make them soft, and antistatic



Page | 15

Fabric Softening

1. Overview




Dryer Cycle Fabric Softeners:

1. Quats and other ingredients are heated and homogenized



-

“Melt” ingredientsat T °C

T °C

-Homogenize



2. Poured on a hot plate (lab process)

3. Nonwoven substrate is put on the plate

4. Quat is spead evenly with a roller





2. Poured on a hot plate (lab process) 3. Nonwoven substrate is put on the plate


5. Coated substrate is lifted to solidify

6. Dryer sheet quat is ready for use




• Industrial process



Supply Roll

Take-up RollHeated Dip Tank

Squeeze

Roll

Heating

Cans

Cooling

Cans

Cutting Blade

Doctor Blade


1. Quats are heated and homogenized2. Poured on a hot plate, 3. Nonwoven substrate is put on the plate


5. Coated substrate is lifted to solidify

6. Dryer sheet quat is ready for use

7. The positively charged molecules are attached to the negative fibers to make them soft, and antistatic



Page | 21

Fabric Softener Actives

1. Chemistry, Biodegradability

2. Chemistry, Performance

3. Physical State

4. Improvement: Room Temperature Dispersible Quat



Evonik – The Global Leader in Fabric Softener Actives

Full Range of Softener Chemistry

Dialkyl cationic surfactants

� Nitrile (ADOGEN® 442)

� Amidoamine (VARISOFT® 222)

� Imidazolinium (VARISOFT® 475)

� Ester Quat (REWOQUAT® WE 45)

Monoalkyl Quats

� Anionic scavengers

� Softening boosters

� ADOGEN® 471

Organomodifed Silicones (I&I)

� Fabric care benefits

� Easy ironing

� Reduced wrinkling

� Faster drying

� REWOQUAT® SQ 1

2-in-1 Softener Additives

� ADOGEN® 477 D


Biodegradability

Ester bonds as potential “breaking points”:

N

CH3

OO

O

R

O

RCH3

X-

N

CH3X

OH

OO

O

R

O

R

R O

O

R'

� Smaller molecules are more easily

accessible by microorganisms

� Fatty acids are readily biodegradable

� The other molecular fragments are also

completely biodegradable*

* Puchta et al: Tenside Surf. Det. 30 (1993) 3


Environmental Impact ofQuaternaries

Dialkyl-dimethyl and Ester Quaternaries

Biodegradation of Quaternaries

0

20

40

60

80

100

Dialkyl-dimethyl Ester

OECD 301 E (5 d) OECD 301 C (30 d)

%-Degradation

Aquatic toxicity of Quaternaries

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

Dialkyl-dimethyl Ester

OECD 201 (Algae) OECD 202 (Daphnia) OECD 203 (Fish)

EC50 [mg/l]

Ester quaternaries yielded significantly better data than the standard dialkyl-

dimethyl quaternaries

Page | 25




3. Physical State




Nitrile Quats

• Premium softening and anti-stat properties

• Yellowing with age, limited biodegradability and rewet

Key Product Offerings

ADOGEN® 442 75% Tallow based

AROSURF® TA 100 Powder, for warm water wash


Amidoamines

• Wide range of formulations: (up to 25% active)

• Versatile: household, industrial & institutional, textile

• Good softening and rewet


VARISOFT® 222 LM 90% Cold water processable


Imidazoline Quats

• Excellent antistatic benefits with good softening

• Good for clear fabric softener formulation.

Imidazolinium

VARISOFT® 475 75% Paste, tallow

VARISOFT® 3690 Liquid, oleyl

VARISOFT® 3696 Liquid, 100% active, ethyl sulfate


Ester Quats

• Readily biodegradable (best in class)

• Wide range of formulations: (up to 25% active)

• Good fragrance impact


REWOQUAT® WE 16 E Tallow based w/ ethanol

REWOQUAT® WE 28 E US Vegetable based w/ ethanol

REWOQUAT® WE 18 E US High viscosity version w/ ethanol

REWOQUAT® WE 45 Clear, liquid, easy to handle


Rinse Cycle Quat Characteristics

ProductADOGEN®

442VARISOFT®

475VARISOFT®

222REWOQUAT®

WE 28 E

Type Nitrile Imidazolinium Amidoamine TEA Ester Quat

Softening ��

Fragrance Impact ��

Static Control ��

Range of Formulation � ��

Biodegradation � ��

**** = most favorable

Page | 31




3. Physical State




N

OH

OO

O

R

O

R

CH3OSO3

Ester Quat

N

HN

HN

O

R

O

R

((CH2)2O)nH

CH3OSO3

Amidoamine

NN

R

CH3OSO3NH

R

O

Imidazolinium

R N R ClNitrile

Page | 32



TEA Ester Quats

� Biodegradable

� Globally accepted

� Regional CAS numbers

� Descriptor matches fatty acid

� Complex mixture

� Mono, di, tri ester quats

� Esteramines

� Typical concentration of 90%

� Paste or solid at 25 °C

N

OH

OO

O

R

O

R

CH3OSO3

Ester Quat

N

HN

HN

O

R

O

R

((CH2)2O)nH

CH3OSO3

Amidoamine

NN

R

CH3OSO3NH

R

O

Imidazolinium

R N R ClNitrile

Page | 33



Consumption of Surfactants for Fabric Softeners by Region

+3.8%

+5.7%

+2.5% -0.1%

Global Demand (t)

328,000 (2009)

361,000 (2014)

XX% CAGR 2009 – 2014

*CAGR 2011 – 2016

+6.0%*

Sources: SRI Consulting, Coimbra Consultoria& Representações Comerciais Ltda


Fabric Softener ActivesCurrent Technology


Paste or solid products require continuous heating which impacts

� Storage time

� Transportation

� Color and odor

� Solvent level

Page | 35




� Storage time

� Transportation

� Color and odor

� Solvent level

Fabric Softener Formulations

Paste or solid products impact

� Processing and handling conditions

� Energy use

� Cycle time

Page | 36

Fabric Softener ActivesCurrent Technology

Page | 37




3. Physical State




Our Goal

A new product that meets multiple requirements for processing and use

� Easy-to-handle and transport

� Room temperature processing

� Biodegradable

� Globally accepted

� Wide range of stable formulations

� Competitive softening performance



� Storage time

� Transportation

� Color and odor

� Solvent level

Fabric Softener Formulations

Paste or solid products impact

� Processing and handling conditions

� Energy use

� Cycle time

Page | 38

Fabric Softener ActivesProposed Technology


Fabric Softener ActiveAttempts to make a liquid product

� Additives (solubilizers & emulsifiers)

� Additional solvent

� Highly unsaturated fatty acid raw materials

� Partially hydrogenated fatty acids

� Fatty Acid Blends

None of these reached the goal!

Page | 39


Making a Liquid Active at RT with Appropriate Synthesis Conditions

Clear, liquid, easy-to-process TEA ester quat

� Liquid at room temperature

� Ethanol solvent

� Freeze/thaw stable

� Dispersible at room temperature

� No heating (or cooling) required

� As low as 18 °C

� Robust formulation range

� Formulates from 5% to 20% actives

� Base formulas are stable

� Softening equal to competitive products

Page | 40


REWOQUAT® WE 45*Physical/Chemical Property Comparison

Improved Ester Quat*

Amidoamine QuatTraditional Ester

Quat

Appearance @ 25 °C (77 °F) Clear Liquid Opaque Liquid / Paste Solid

Quaternary 84-88% 89-91% 89-91%

Flash Point 24 °C (76 °F) 24 °C (76 °F) 24 °C (76 °F)


REWOQUAT® WE 45*Physical/Chemical Property Comparison

Improved Ester Quat*

Amidoamine QuatTraditional Ester

Quat

Appearance @ 25 °C (77 °F) Clear Liquid Opaque Liquid / Paste Solid

Quaternary 84-88% 89-91% 89-91%

Flash Point 24 °C (76 °F) 24 °C (76 °F) 24 °C (76 °F)

Storage Temperature 20 °C (68 °F) 38 °C (104 °F) 45 °C (113 °F)

Pumping Temperature 25 °C (77 °F) minimum45 °C (113 °F) minimum

55 °C (131 °F) minimum



Fabric SoftenersUsing a Low Temperature Dispersible Quat


-

“heat” quat to T °C

T °C

-Homogenize






T °C

Disperse quatinto water at T °C; mix







t °C

Cool to t °C; mix








Add dye, fragrance, etc.; mix thoroughly


Fabric Softener Dispersion Lab Batch Process – Timeline

EVONIK TEA Ester Quat

Traditional Ester Quat

Heat Water and Quat

Cool

FragranceQuat & Salt

Preservative

FragranceQuat & Salt

Preservative

Time(min)

20 40 60 80 100

Time(min)

20 40 60 80 100

Page | 47


Fabric Softener Dispersion Softness Evaluation

Panel Testing PHABROMETER® - Nu Cybertek, Inc.

Page | 48


Fabric Softening Performance Comparison - Panel

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Control EVONIK Brand A

So

ftn

es

s S

co

re

Fabric Softener DispersionSoftening Performance – Panel Test

Methodology – Panel Test and Statistics

� Fabric samples prepared according to ASTM Method D 5237

� Statistical differences reported at 95% confidence level (Friedman Simple Rank)

� Brand A is based on TEA Ester Quat technology

EVONIK TEA Ester Quat and Brand A are statistically equal

So

fter

Page | 49


Fabric Softener DispersionPHABROMETER® - Force vs. Displacement

Extraction Curve(s) for Class: Unknown

Evaluation Type: Hand

Density Type: Heavy Fabric (H) > 3440 µg/cm

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1 5 9

13

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

10

1

10

5

Control REWOQUAT® WE 45 Brand A

Fo

rce

Displacement


Fabric Softening Performance Comparison - PHABROMETER

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

Control Brand A EVONIK

So

ftn

es

s S

co

re

Fabric Softener DispersionSoftening Performance – PHABROMETER®

PHABROMETER® – Nu Cybertek, Inc.

� Quantitative fabric softness comparison

� Fabric samples prepared according to ASTM Method D 5237

� Average of five replicates per sample

� Statistical differences reported at 95% confidence level

� Brand A is based on TEA Ester Quat technology

EVONIK TEA Ester Quat and Brand A are statistically equal

So

fter

Page | 51


REWOQUAT® WE 45Summary

REWOQUAT® WE 45 offers

Potential cost savings for

� Storage and handling

� Processing

� Energy use & cycle time

Formulation flexibility and performance

� Ability to produce both non-concentrated and ultra formulas

� Stable formulations from 5% to 20%

� Softening and anti-stat equal to other ester quats

Patent pending technology


Dryer Sheet Quats

� Chemistry, Improved Biodegradability

� Performance Test


VARISOFT® Dryer Sheet Quats

Active Type Dryer Cycle ProductActives

(%)Anti-Static

Biodegradability1

Storage Temperature

(° F)

TEA Ester Quats

VARISOFT® DS 355 65 ****Readily

(OECD 301)

155-165

VARISOFT® DS 362 65 ****Readily

(OECD 301)

160-170

Dialkyldimethyl

VARISOFT® DS 136-100 70 *** Inherently 150-170

VARISOFT® DS 150 50 *** Inherently 135-150

Amidoamine VARISOFT® DS 110 70 **** Inherently 155-165


VARISOFT® Dryer Sheet QuatsAntistatic Testing Equipment (ASTM D 5237)

Static Decay Meter

Humidity Chamber


� Antistatic tests performed on polyester fabrics (ASTM Method D 5237)

� Shorter decay times indicate better performance

� Control samples exceeded 300 seconds (not shown on graph)

� Product coating weights were 1.4 grams

VARISOFT® Dryer Sheet QuatsAntistatic Test Results

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

National Brand VARISOFT® DS 355 VARISOFT® DS 362

Sta

tic

De

ca

y T

ime

(s

)


Ethoxylated Quats

1. Antistatic Sprays

2. Cleaner blends


ProductActives

(%)x+y R R’ Counter Ion

Adogen 66 100 15 CH2CH3 Tallow Ethyl Sulfate

Variquat

K 1215100 15 CH3 Coco Methyl Chloride

Rewoquat CPEM

100 5 CH3 Coco Methyl Sulfate

Variquat

638100 2 CH3 Coco Methyl Chloride

N+(C2H5O)xH (C2H5O)yH

R

R’

Ethoxylated QuatsAntistatic Sprays

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

Static Guard Varisoft 137 90 Varisoft 222 LM90

WE 45 RewoquatCPEM

Adogen 66

Sta

tic

De

ca

y T

ime

(s)


Antistatic Spray Performance: Ethoxylated Quats Work Well

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

Static Guard Varisoft 137 90 Varisoft 222 LM90

WE 45 RewoquatCPEM

Adogen 66S

tati

c D

eca

y T

ime (

s)


Ethoxylated Quats

1. Antistatic Sprays

2. Cleaner blends

Car Care Basics and Challenges


-

� Cleaning

� Rinsing

� Drying

Hannah Carwash System

Car Care Basics and ChallengesCleaning


-

Major Factors of Cleaning

1. Mechanical energy� Most carwashes do not use brushes anymore to protect the car

finish� “Touchless” systems are getting more popular

2. Time� Longer reaction time: better cleaning, but higher chance of

damaging the car finish� Longer time → less capacity → time is money

3. Temperature� Higher temperature: better cleaning, but higher chance of

damaging the car finish, higher energy cost

4. Chemistry� Most important factor� Should be highly efficient, safe, economical� Environmental friendly: minimum waste (water/chemical)


Car Wash: Step I

1. Removal of contaminants by using surfactants:

Water

Oil

Paint


REWOQUAT® CQ 100 GMultipurpose Surfactant Blend

Composition

� Specialty blend of cationic and nonionic surfactants

Performance

� Excellent degreasing and soap scum removal

� Good emulsification, anti-redeposition

� Provides antistatic property

� Easy rinsing, quick drying

� Imparts gloss

Ease of Formulation

� Good surfactant compatibility (even with anionics)

� 100% active liquid, easy to process

� No solvent or hydrotrope needed

� Moderate foaming

� High/low pH, temp., hard/soft water


Kitchen soil Soap scum Engine soil

Improved Detergency & Degreasing

Rating“2”

National BrandAll Purpose

Cleaner10.9 % active

Rating“8”

CQ 100 G basedAll Purpose

Cleaner2.0 % active

Rating“3”

National BrandTub & Tile Cleaner

3.5 % active

Rating“8”

CQ 100 G basedTub & Tile

Cleaner1.0 % active

Rating“2”

National BrandTraffic Film Remover

10.9 % active

Rating“9”

CQ 100 G basedTraffic Film Remover

2.0 % active

REWOQUAT® CQ 100 GHard Surface Cleaning Results


Rinsing (Anionic Scavengers)

1. Car Care

2. Fabric Care


Car Wash: Step II

2. Rinsing with water:

Water film adheres to the surface upon washing and rinsing

Water

Paint

- - - - - - - -

Car Care Basics and ChallengesRinsing


-

Major Challenges

1. Anionic surfactants are efficient cleaners, but difficult to rinse them off from surfaces.

2. Carry over anionics can react with quaternary emulsifiers –Car

care drying agents will work less efficiently

3. Insoluble soap scums ruin the final aesthetics

Step 1.

Cleaning

(Anionic)

Step 2.

Rinsing

(Water)

Step 3.

Drying -

Softening

Anionic carry over Insoluble scum

Anionic Scavengers - SoftergentsMechanism

Anionic surfactant

Anionic surfactant

Anionic surfactant

Cationic emulsifier

Scavenger (monoquat)

Scavenger (diquat)

Inactive, insoluble

Inactive, soluble

Active, soluble (cationic emulsifier)

A

B

C


Net positive charge


Rinsing (Anionic Scavengers)

1. Car Care

2. Fabric Care

Anionic Scavengers – SoftergentsChemistry

Recommendations:

• Use level:

� Depending on rinse efficiency

� Use at least the same amount as the anionic carry-over concentration

• Chemistry:

� Monoalkyl diquats are the most efficient

ClN CH3

R

CH3

CH3 Cl

NR

CH3

CH3

N

CH3

CH3

CH3

Cl

RN

(CH2-CH2-O)xH

CH3

R = tallow, x, y, z > 1

N

CH3

(CH2-CH2-O)yH

(CH2-CH2-O)zH

2CH3OSO3



Drying, Protection

1. Theory and Practice

2. Organomodified Silicones

3. Traditional and Biodegradable Systems

Car Care Basics and ChallengesDrying


-

Major Factors of Drying

1. Cleaned cars have a thin water film which sticks

strongly to the surface

2. Manual (towel) drying is very inefficient, slow and costly3. Blow drying is inefficient due to the stubborn water film

4. Water needs to be beaded for� Easy and quick water removal� Dryer, shinier cars � Customers associate semi-wet cars with poor

cleaning: they can easily be resoiled, water droplets leave spots after drying


What are they?They are oil in water microemulsions containing emulsifiers, hydrophobes,

solvents/coemulsifiers and water

How do they work?They are diluted and sprayed on wet surfaces to make the surface hydrophobic

and to enhance the removal/draining of water

Drying Agents / Rinse Aids


Drying Aids/Protectants: Microemulsions of Cationic Emulsifiers and Oils

surface

water film 1. Water film adheres to the surface upon washing and rinsing

Water

Paint- - - - - - - -

Vehicle Rinse Aids

Page | 75



rinse aid

2. Sprayed -on rinse aid penetrates through water film and spreads over the surface

surface

water film

1. Water film adheres to the surface upon washing and rinsing

Water

Paint- - - - - - - -

+ +++

+++++

+ + +++

+++

++

+

Page | 76



surface

water film

hydrophobic filmwater film

rinse aid

3. Rinse aid displaces water film, deposits hydrophobes (Sheeting)

2. Sprayed-on rinse aid penetrates through water film and spreads over the surface


Water

Paint- - - - - - - -++++++

+ +++

+++++

+

Page | 77



surface

water film

hydrophobic filmwater film

rinse aid

water droplets

3. Rinse aid displaces water film, deposits hydrophobes (Sheeting)

Water beads up, smaller droplets combine to bigger ones (Beading) and removed bya blower

2. Sprayed-on rinse aid penetrates through water film and spreads over the surface


hydrophobic film

Water

Paint- - - - - - - -++++++ + + + + + +

Page | 78


Increasing the Contact Angle Why is It Beneficial?

θ1

B1

A1

θ2

B2

A2

If the contact angle increases: θ2>θ1

the face area increases: A2>A1

� higher droplet profile (“larger sail”), easier water removal by the blower or driving

wind

the footprint decreases: B2<B1

� less contact between the droplet and the surface: less sticking, easier

water removal by the blower or driving wind

Page | 79


Drying, Protection




Organomodified Silicones Compatibility Chart

LipophilicHydrophilic

Siliconophilic

Polyether-siloxanes

Ionic Siloxanes

Silicone Oil

Alkylpolyether-siloxanes

Alkylsiloxanes


Page | 82

Basics of Silicone Quats

+

+ /

++



Silicone QuatsStrong Bond Between Surface and Molecule


Surface



Silicone Backbone

Surface

Two anchor points



TEGOPREN® 6922 (shorter silicone backbone)

TEGO® Polish Additiv Q70 (longer silicone backbone)

Silicone Backbone

Surface

Two anchor points



Silicone QuatsMiracles Can Happen…..

What a difference!!! ☺


Drying, Protection





� Nitrile Quats� Mineral Seal Oil

� Ester Quats� Ester Oils

FORMULATIONS

PERFORMANCE

ENVIRONMENTAL

� Unlimited water� Environmental,

Safety concern is low

� Waste water restrictions

� Environmental, Biodegradability, Safety issues

� New regulations

� Fast drying� Spot free

surface� Visual:

Aesthetics� Low price

� Fast drying� Spot free surface� Visual cues� Competitive price

/ performance

HISTORICAL EVOLVING

Drying Agent / Rinse Aid Trends


Biodegradable Rinse Aids Drying and Protection of Surfaces

Goal:

Develop an emulsifier that enables the formulation of rinse aids/drying

agents to address the needs of the evolving market

� Biodegradability

� Environmental friendliness (low aquatic toxicity)

� Formulation versatility (for both traditional and biodegradable ingredients)

� Water reclaim system friendly formulations (due to droughts)

� Performance: improved drying/protection for less spotting

� Safety: low toxicity

� Raw materials from renewable resources

� Price/performance advantages


Traditional and New Emulsifiers

Dialkyl Quats:� good performance, stable products

� low biodegradability

� (high di-fatty-alkyl content)

Ester Quats:

TEA type:� medium performance, limited formulas

� good biodegradability, low toxicity

� (1:2:1 mixture of mono-, di- and tri-fatty-alkyl ratio)

MDEA type:� good performance, versatile formulas

� good biodegradability, low toxicity

� (enhanced di-fatty-alkyl content) N

CH3

OO

O

R

O

RCH3

(+ monoquat)(R = Fatty Alkyl)

X-

R N R

CH3

CH3

X

R=Fatty Alkyl

N

CH3X

OH

OO

O

R

O

R

(+ monoquat and triquat)(R = Fatty Alkyl)


Traditional and New Hydrophobes

Mineral Seal Oil:� good performance, stable products

� low biodegradability

� unpleasant odor (aromatics)

� source dependent characteristics

Ester Oils:

Alkyl Laurate, Palmitate, Stearate, etc.� good performance, versatile formulas

� good biodegradability

� low toxicity

� low odor

Aliphatic petroleum naphtas(Middle distillate)

R = Fatty AlkylR'=straight or branched Alkyl >C5

R O

O

R'

Performance Comparison“Split-hood” test


Readily Biodegradable Emulsifier Carspray 800

MDEA Ester Quat emulsifier for vehicle rinse aids/drying agents

to address the needs of the evolving market:

� Readily Biodegradable

� Environmental friendly, safe (low toxicity)

� Formulation versatility (for both traditional and

biodegradable ingredients)

� Water reclaim system friendly formulations

� Performance: improved drying/protection for less

spotting

� Raw materials from renewable resources

� Price/performance advantages

� Patented technology

N

CH3

OO

O

R

O

RCH3

(+ monoquat)(R = Fatty Alkyl)

X-



Acknowledgements

BL Household Care – Hopewell, Virginia

• Dennis Parrish

• Miyako Hisamoto

• Gonglu Tian

• Erin King

• Jennifer Goodyear

• Saiid Mohammed

• Phuong Le

• Dana Nystrand

Evonik Industries – Janesville, WI, Mapleton, IL

BL Household Care – Hanau, Germany

Interfacial Technology – Essen, Germany

Evonik Degussa Brasil Ltda

Page | 95

desenvolvimentos recentes em surfactantes catiônicos para fabric care e car care – andras nagy...

Business

rinse cycle fabric softeners

dryer cycle fabric softeners

fabric softeners work

fabric softening1

liquid softeners

rinse cycle products3

cationic surfactant

warm water3