design a yard your plants will love-presentation slidesworks/... · washington natives –thrive...
TRANSCRIPT
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Design a Yard your Plants will Love
City of Kirkland - Natural Yard Care
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Choosing the Right Plants Setting up your garden to succeed
• Map Your Garden
• Imagine Your Garden
• Make a Plan
• Start Your Plants Off Right
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Map Your Garden
• Soil conditions • Sun exposure • Aspect • Wind Exposure • Microclimates • Maintenance
Access
NORTH
SW
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Soil Conditions of the Northwest
• Glacial Till • Hardpan • Outwash Soils • Lake/Marine Bed Soils • Volcanic Ash • Mudflows
These all lead to clay soil, sandy soil or loam
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•What causes the shade? •Is there variable exposure? •Does the exposure change with the seasons?
Where is Your Sun?
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Look Around!
• What buildings are nearby? • Trees next door? • Where are your views? • Where are the slopes in your yard? • Which direction do they face or drain to?
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Which Way the Weather?
• Prevailing winds from southwest or north • What is exposed and what is protected? • Reflection from sun off light colored surfaces
east
south
west
north
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Which Way the Weather?
• Large deciduous trees can shelter houses from summer heat and allow light in through the dark of winter
• Plant groupings can provide efficient windbreaks • Evergreen plants warm up their environments,
creating frost free pockets - microclimates
Courtesy University of Missouri Extension
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• Sheltered areas – tender plants • Water features – warm the air • Brick or rock – radiant heat
Take Advantage of Microclimates
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• For maintaining the garden • For utilities – meter boxes, moving curbside cans • For maintaining your house
Provide Access
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Imagine Your Garden
• How will you use your garden? • How much time and money will you spend? • What works in your neighborhood? • Take advantage of local expertise
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How will you use your garden?
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Budget for Time and Money
• Installation – Plants – Hardscape – Compost – Mulch – Tools
• Maintenance – Water – Plant Care – Seasonal Plantings
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• Focus area = Forbes Creek Watershed – Includes large parts of the North and South Rose Hill
neighborhoods, as well as portions of the Highlands, Totem Lake, Juanita, and Norkirk neighborhoods
• Free technical assistance
• Rebates up $3,500
• Installation of simple and beautiful projects to manage flow of rainwater from your property.
www.kirklandwa.gov/YardSmart
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Local Gardens
• Bellevue Botanical Garden • Dunn Gardens • Seattle Arboretum • McAualiffe Park • Juanita Bay Park • Tot Lot Pea Patch
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Make a Plan NORTH
trees & shrubs for screening and wildlife shade tree
patio
veggie garden
NORTHNORTH
trees & shrubs for screening and wildlifetrees & shrubs for screening and wildlifetrees & shrubs for screening and wildlifeshade shade shade shade
trees & shrubs for screening and wildlifetrees & shrubs for screening and wildlife
composting bins
lawn
rainbarrels
winter garden
fern garden
PNW native border
herbs
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USDA and SUNSET ZONES
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Washington State Zone Maps
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Group Plants with Like Needs
• Drought tolerant plants – Euphorbia, grasses, Sedum, Ceanothus, lavender, sea holly, Russian sage
• Bog plants – Bog rosemary, blueberry, red stemmed dogwood, Carex, Juncus More efficient to water
Soil conditions are similar
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Choose Low Water Need Plants Know a plant’s origin!
– Washington natives- wet winter, dry summer
– California and Mexico – dry and sunny
– Mediterranean – windy and sunny slopes
– New Zealand – small leaved plants to reduce
transpiration
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Washington Natives –thrive without irrigation and are pest and disease resistant • Groundcovers – Wild Ginger, Sword Fern, Deer Fern, Salal, Vancouveria, Trillium, Oxalis, Low Oregon grape
• Shrubs - Red Stemmed Dogwood, Snowberry, Ninebark Tall Oregon Grape, Oceanspray, Evergreen Huckleberry, Mock Orange, Red Flowering Currant, Thimbleberry, Salmonberry, Rhododendron
• Small Trees – Serviceberry, Vine Maple, Elderberry
• Large Trees – Douglas Fir, Bigleaf Maple, Western Hemlock, Western Red Cedar
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California and Mexico• Salvia • Yucca • Ceanothus • Manzanita • Carex • Fleabane
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Mediterranean • Lavender • Santolina
• Rock Rose • Calendula
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New Zealand • Libertia • Euphorbia • Hebe • Phormium • New Zealand Flax
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Plan a Diverse Garden
• Provide year round interest – fall color, winter structure, spring bloom, summer fruit
• Attract beneficial wildlife – birds, bees, bats and more! • Include edibles – plan for water management • Provide two functions – espalier an apple fence!
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Design Considerations
• Height variation – Canopy Layer • Texture • Mass groupings • Odds and thirds • Evergreen and deciduous
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Avoid Noxious Plants!
• Get to know your local noxious weed board and their list • Class A regulated weeds MUST be managed by law • Class B and C are regulated at local levels depending on need • Non- regulated Noxious Weeds not mandated for control but
recognized as a nuisance • King County Weeds of Concern – not regulated and not on the lists
but recognized as being problematic • Any weed can change status
Bishop’s Weed – Weed of Concern
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• Made up of many individual plants
• They are grasses that like to grow tall
• They are good competitors when healthy
• Can be permeable when healthy
• They are Hungry!
• They are Thirsty! - America’s lawns now cover an area three times larger than any irrigated crop in the U.S.
Lawns
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• Mowing height – 2 inches minimum to outcompete weeds, shade soil, conserve moisture – especially important as we go into winter weather
• Grasscycle – reduces need for fertilization to one application in the fall
• Use natural, organic lawn fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizers
• No Phosphorus is allowed in lawn fertilizers unless your soil test shows P depletion – protects waterways
Growing a Healthy Sustainable Lawn
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Basic Needs Of a Healthy Sustainable Lawn
• Lawns need 6-8 hours of sun – if too shady try alternatives
• Provide adequate water - 1 inch per week to 6 inch depth
• Good drainage matters - aerate and de- thatch and spread compost and reseed regularly to keep them invigorated
• Choose the best site for your lawn!
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Activity Time
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Start Your Plants Off Right
• Healthy Soil is key • Learn how to plant properly • Mulch your plants • Establish drought tolerance
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Good soil is about - half mineral
- half pore space (air & water) - plus a smaller but essential
amount of organic matter and soil life
“Loam” is a mix of sand, silt, clay and organic, formed over time by nature
Soil Components Soil Components
• “The Dirt” (mineral particles) – sand (0.05 to 2 mm) – silt (0.002 to 0.05 mm) – clay (<0.002 mm)
• Air and Water (in pore spaces)
• Organic Matter and Soil Life (create aggregates & pores)
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Correct Planting Techniques
• Trees and shrubs: Minimally amend soil, watch size of planting hole, avoid girdling roots
• Perennials: Loosen root ball, watch size of planting hole, amend with compost
• Vegetables: Space correctly, amend with compost, fertilize
• Lawn: Prepare soil well, avoid compaction, fertilize, stagger ends
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Choose the Right Mulch Conserve moisture, moderate soil temperature, keep weeds down
• Wood Chips: perennials, tree and shrub beds, groundcovers, paths • Compost: vegetable gardens, annual beds • Leaves: All of the above! • Straw: veggie gardens, perennials • Commercial Mixes: manure and wood products for all areas • Gravel: paths
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Why Plant in the Fall?
• Soil temperatures - warm enough to encourage root growth • Plant establishment • Winter rain will keep them watered for you! • Spring bulbs – good time to add • Less stress for the plants • Comfortable working temperatures
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Winter Soil Temperatures • http://weather.wsu.edu/index.php • Washington State University soil
temperature map
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Winter Rains
Seattle Measurements
• Winter rainfall helps establish plants • June rain helps recharge soil to get plants
through July and August
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Plants and Stress
• Cooler temperatures create less stress on plants when planting in the fall. • Add mulch to the soil after planting to help moderate soil temperatures –
allows plants to grow healthy roots
PLANT IN THE RIGHT PLACE • to ensure successful establishment of your plant • to allow for proper water management • to allow plant to reach its potential – less pruning = less stress
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Plan for Smart Watering Practices Choose the Right Irrigation Option
• Automatic Irrigation Systems • Drip Irrigation • Soaker Hoses • Hand Watering • Rain Collection Systems
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Rainwater Collection
Cisterns Versus Rainbarrels • Cisterns are larger more permanent containers than rainbarrels • Rainbarrels can be connected in a row to make them more useful • All must be attached to the downspout from a roof to make them
effective • Capture and hold water for later use • Help to slow stormwater entering storm drains • Learn more details about roof surfaces and use of water from the
Garden Hotline
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• Garden Hotline – 206-633-0224 – www.gardenhotline.org • Tilth Alliance- www.seattletilth.org • Cascade Water Alliance - www.cascadewater.org • Puget Sound Starts Here www.pugetsoundstartshere.org
Resources
Please join us next for: Cisterns, Rain Barrels and Rain Gardens Wednesday – September 25, 2019 6:30-8:30 pm