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Final Project

Fuzzy Logic Washer Machine

By :

Ibrahim H. Banat

Sameh S. Abu Zer

Mohammad T. Al-Khozondar

Khalil T. Mattar

Supervisor : Discussion by:

Dr. Hatem El Aydi Dr. Iyad Abuhadrous

Video

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Definition of Washing Machine:

Washing machine: means an appliance for cleaning and rinsing of textiles using water which may also have a

means of extracting excess water from the textiles.

Automatic washing machine:means a washing machine where the load is fully

treated by the machine without the need for user

intervention at any point during the programme prior to its completion.

Programme duration:means the time from the initiation of the programme until the completion of the programme.

If the end of programme is not indicated, the programme time is equal to the cycle time. the

programme is complete when the power consumption of the appliance drops to some steady

state condition and is not performing any function.

Types of Washing Machine

Washing Machine

Top loading washing

machines

Front loading washing

machines

Depending on the position of loading the clothes in washing machine.

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Washing machines classifications

1. Semi-automatic washing machine

2. Fully automatic washing machine

To wash the clothes you have to put the clothes in the wash vessel, put sufficient quantity

of the water and detergent and then press (On/Off) button. After the specified time, the

washing machine will stop. You can remove the clothes and dry them partially in the drier

vessel by setting suitable time.

There is only one tub that serves as the washer, rinser as well as the drier, the machine takes

in the sufficient amount of water and detergent automatically and sets the timer for wash

and drying automatically.

Simplest graphical model of washer

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Principle of washing machine

To understand how a washing machine cleans, we must understand the components of

washing machines

Important parts of the washing machine:

1) Water inlet control valve

2) Water pump

3) Tube (washer drum)

4) Agitator

5) Motor

6) Door safety sensor

7) Detergent drawer

8) Drain pipe

9) Controller

10) Mechanical programmer

Wash sensor (Optical sensor)

An optical sensor is a device that converts light rays into electronic signals. it

measures the physical quantity of light and translates it into a form read by the

instrument. The features of an optical sensor is its ability to measure the changes from

one or more light beams.

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A washing machine includes an optical sensor for detecting a light permeability of detergent

solution and rinse water in a washer tank.

The optical sensor includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element.

A microprocessor (Fuzzy Controller) is provided for controlling a luminous intensity of the

light emitted from the light emitting element.

How Wash sensor work

The working of the sensors is not a matter of concern. We assume that we have these inputs

at our hand.

1. The degree of dirt is determined by the transparency of the wash water. The dirtier the

clothes, less transparent the water being analyzed by the sensors is.

2. Type of dirt determines the quality of dirt. Greasy cloths, for example, take longer for

water transparency to reach transparency because grease is less soluble in water than

other forms of dirt. type of dirt is determined by the time of saturation.

Saturation is a point, at which there is no more appreciable change in the color of the

water.

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Unfortunately, there is no easy way to formulate a precise mathematical relationship

between volume of clothes and dirt and the length of wash time required.

Because the input/output relationship is not clear, the design of a washing machine controller

has not in the past lent itself to traditional methods of control design.

We address this design problem using fuzzy logic.

Fuzzy logic has been used because a fuzzy logic controlled washing machine controller gives

the correct wash time even though a precise model of the input/output relationship is not

available.

Fuzzy Logic Control

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Fuzzy controller

How is fuzzy logic used?

1) Define the control objectives and criteria?!

2) Determine the inputs and outputs of the plant.

3) Create FL membership functions that define the meaning (values) ofInput/Output terms used in the rules.

4) Assign the fuzzy relationships between inputs and outputs, thus forming therule base IF X AND Y THEN Z .

5) Fuzzify the inputs to the controller.

6) Use one of inference methods for fuzzy systems based on linguistic rules toinfer the output contributed from each rule.

7) Apply defuzzification to form a crisp output.

8) Test the system, evaluate the results, tune the rules and membership functions, and retest until satisfactory results are obtained.

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Problem Definition (Main Idea of the Project)

To automate the project, we use sensors to detect these parameters :1. degree of clothes dirt 2. Type of dirtThe wash time is then determined from this data

Membership function of dirt

Membership Function of type_of_dirt

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Membership Function of wash time

Type of Dirtiness

Dir

tin

ess

Rules in MatLab:

Rules

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FPGA

Introduction

FPGA: standard for Field Programmable Gate Array.

They are an integrated circuit that can be configured by the user in order to implement digital logic functions of varying complexities.

FPGA over DSP or other microprocessors.

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Why we use FPGA?

PLD: Configured by engineers to perform a variety of different functions. (logic gates limited , functions smaller a simpler) compared to FPGA

ASIC , ASSP: Customized to specific application (Millions of logic gates ,Functions Complex). Take long time to manufacture and con not be modified.

FPGA : Middle ground

Trade off between FPGA and ASIC

Cost.

Implementing design.

Time to market.

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History

PLDs was existed in the market from 1970.

PLAs

PAL

simple version of PLA

Less flexible than PLA

Faster

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SPLD (PLA , PAL)

At each junction there is a fuse so the programmer can select the junctions how want by software tools.

CPLD purpose extend density (increase Logic block)

FPGA provided programmable logic using multi-level logic of arbitrary depth.

Types of FPGA

There are two types: SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)

OTP (One Time Programmable)

SRAM as Xilinx ,Altera , Atmel

OTP as Actel

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FPGA Architecture

consists of

N*N configurable logic block (CLB).

programmable I/O (IOB) .

programmable interconnection network.

Logic cell

The core building block.

Consist of: 4 input LUT.

Multiplexer.

Register.

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Slice

Contains two logic block

CLB

Xilinx FPGAs have two slices in each CLB, while others have four

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Xilinx Software

WebPACK ISE Software

Designed reached by

Description language as (VHDL , Verilog) .

Schematic capture package.

Both.

Xilinx FPGA families

Old family.

XC3000, XC4000, XC5200

High performance family.

Virtex

Low cost family.

Spartan

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Software and Simulation

WebPACK ISE

Our project module

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Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) module

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display )

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Matlab Work

Fuzzy Interference System (FIS) work

Work

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GUI

GUI work

Xfuzzy tool

Xfuzzy

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Results table

Output

InputFPGA kit GUI Fuzzy tool Xfuzzy tool

Wash time (min)

Dirt = 50%

20 20.6 20.7 20Type_dirt =50%

result is acceptable and the controller is able to control all hardware components for washing machine effectively.

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Conclusion

1. By the use of fuzzy logic control we have been able to obtain a wash time for different

type of dirt and different degree of dirt.

2. The conventional method required the human interruption to decide upon what should be

the wash time for different cloths.

3. The situation analysis ability has been incorporated in the machine which makes the

machine much more automatic and represents the decision taking power of the new

arrangement.

4. The strength of fuzzy logic is that we are able to model words by the use of fuzzy sets.

Future Work

1. A more fully automatic washing machine is straightforward to design using fuzzy

logic technology.

2. Increasing the controller work that controls only the wash time of a washing machine,

to design process can be extended to other control variables such as water level and

spin speed. The formulation and implementation of membership functions and rules is

similar to that shown for wash time.

3. If the Optical sensor is available in the future, the hardware also will be available to

construct it in the real world.

4. Full "Fuzzy Logic automatic control system, includes the correct temperature, washing

time, and washing speed.

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