design applications and computer modeling
TRANSCRIPT
Design Applications and Computer Modeling
Applying ANSI/IES RP-8, American National Standard for Roadway
Lighting
Rick Kauffman Kauffman Consulting, LLC
3/16/2012
1
Contents Roadway Classifications/Pedestrian Conflict Areas Recommended Illumination Levels Luminance Criteria Use of Mesopic Factors
Determination of lighting design targets Calculation of light loss factors (LLF) Computer modeling Site calculations
2
Illuminance Criteria
Road class Pedestrian
conflict Pavement
3
RP-8 Table 2
Roadway Classifications Freeway: A divided major roadway with full control of access (no crossings at
grade). This definition applies to toll as well as non-toll roads. Freeway A: Roadways with greater visual complexity and high traffic volumes. Freeway B: All other divided roadways with full control of access.
Expressway: A divided major roadway for through traffic, with partial control of access and generally with interchanges at major crossroads.
Major: That part of the roadway system that serves as the principal network for through-traffic flow. The routes connect areas of principal traffic generation and important rural roadways leaving the city.
Collector: Roadways servicing traffic between major and local streets. These are streets used mainly for traffic movements within residential, commercial and industrial areas.
Local: Local streets are used primarily for direct access to residential commercial, industrial, or other abutting property.
4
Pedestrian Conflict areas High - Areas with significant numbers of pedestrians expected to be
on the sidewalks or crossing the streets during darkness. Examples are downtown retail areas, near theaters, concert halls, stadiums, and transit terminals. >100, 1 hour sample
Medium - Areas where lesser numbers of pedestrians utilize the streets at night. Typical are downtown office areas, blocks with libraries, apartments, neighborhood shopping, industrial, older city areas, and streets with transit lines. 11 - 100, 1 hour sample
Low - Areas with very low volumes of night pedestrian usage. These can occur in any of the cited roadway classifications but may be typified by suburban single family streets, very low density residential developments, and rural or semi-rural areas.
<10, 1 hr. sample
5
Pavement Classifications
6
Luminance Criteria
7
RP-8 Table 3
Ex. Local Road, High Pedestrian Conflict requires 0.6 cd/m2
minimum maintained average.
Mesopic Factors
8
S/P Ratio Eavg ELM New Eavg Approx.
CCT 1.5 0.6 0.9324 0.56 3400K 2.0 0.6 0.8773 0.53 5000K 2.5 0.6 0.8313 0.5 7500K
Effective Luminance Multiplier 1. Determine target luminance from Table 3. 2. Select light source with desired S/P ratio (CCT). 3. Look up ELM value in RP-8, Table A13. 4. Calculate new target luminance value.
9 Ref. IES TM-12-2012 for calculation of Illuminance factors.
Factors Affecting LLF in SSL Luminaires LLF = LLD x LDD x LATF x HE x VF x BF x LCD
Ref. ANSI/IES RP-8, Appendix A 11
Maintenance Factors Lamp (Source) lumen
depreciation – LLD Luminaire dirt depreciation
– LDD System burnout or failure Changes in local conditions
Equipment Factors • Luminaire ambient temperature
effects – LATF • Luminaire heat extraction -- HE • Voltage (Power, Transients) -- VF • Ballast (PSU) & Lamp (LED)
Factors -- BF • Luminaire component
depreciation -- LCD 10
MSSLC Model Luminaire Specification
Defines: Typical Site/Roadway
data Photometric
requirements Luminaire
requirements
11
MSSLC Model Luminaire Specification
12
MSSLC Model Luminaire Specification
13
MSSLC Model Luminaire Specification
14
Computer Modeling
Equipment Selection- Photometric review Site modeling Site calculations
15
Equipment Selection
16
Equipment Selection
17
CU= 55%
Equipment Selection
18 Ref. IES TM-15, Outdoor Luminaire Classification System
B=1 U=1 G=1
Equipment Selection
19
Equipment Selection
20
Equipment Selection
21
128w HPS 68w LED 68w LED 63w LED
A B C D
EQUIPMENT SELECTION
22
Luminaire Power In (W)
Lumens out
Target CU
Target LPW B U G CCT
K A (HPS) 128.4 6422 .48 24 2 3 2 2200 B (LED) 67.8 5399 .55 44 1 1 1 4200 C (LED) 68.2 6087 .53 47 1 1 1 4500 D (LED) 62.7 5356 .55 47 1 1 2 4300
All photometric data taken from IES LM-79 test reports from independent test labs conducted for the US DOE.
Site Modeling Luminaire configuration Select luminaire(s) Specify: arm length, mounting height, LLF
Roadway configuration Select Roadway lighting standard (configure own) Select Pavement type, R1, R2, R3, or R4 Select Pole arrangement, single-sided, opposite, etc. Define road/street geometry, i.e. no. of lanes, width
Run calculations 23
Luminaire Configuration
24
Select Luminaire Geometry
Input Arm
Length
Specify LLF
Luminaire Configuration
25
Luminaire Configuration
26
Add Luminaires
to the analysis
Site Calculations
27
A (HPS)
Site Calculations
28
A (HPS)
Site Calculations
29
B (LED)
Site Calculations
30
C (LED)
Site Calculations
31
D (LED)
Site Calculations
32
Luminaire Eavg (lux)
Max (lux)
Min (lux) Avg/Min Max/Min VL/Lp
Target 4.0 4.0 0.4 A (HPS) 5.1 16.7 1.4 3.8 11.8 0.4 B (LED) 5.3 12.4 1.7 3.0 6.9 0.3 C (LED) 5.5 9.0 1.0 2.7 4.5 0.3 D (LED) 5.1 8.4 2.8 1.8 2.9 0.4
Target requirements match those in RP-8 for a collector road with low pedestrian conflict.
Site Calculations- Fairview Parkway Fairview, TX
Fairview Fire Station
Conclusions MSSLC Model Specification is a very useful
tool for defining luminaire requirements. Photometric Toolbox is a useful tool for
luminaire selection based on specifications. AGi32 is a useful tool for evaluating luminaire
performance, performing site calculations and verifying specification compliance. LED luminaires do exist that outperform
existing good HPS luminaires and save energy.
39
It’s time to send out the RFQ!
Contact info: Rick Kauffman
Kauffman Consulting, LLC 3280 Emma Marie Place
Buford, GA 30519 (901) 219-6979