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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Chandkheda, Ahmedabad.

Affiliated

L.D. College of Engineering

A report on

Gas-Liquid Chemical Reactions

Under the subject of

DESIGN ENGINEERING – 1A

B. E., Semester-II

Chemical Engineering

Submitted by: -

Sr. Name of student Enrolment No.

1. Patil Mayur 160283105009 2. Chetan Rohit 160283105010

3. Sindhav Jaydrath 160283105011

4. Vasava Yogesh 160283105012

Guided By:

Prof. Dr. Purvi Shukla

Academic Year

(2016-2017)

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L.D. ENGINEERING COLLEGE –AHMEDABAD

Certificate

Date:

This is to certify that the project entitled “Gas-Liquid Reactions” has been

carried out by Patil Mayur (160283105009), Chetan Rohit (160283105010),

Sindhav Jaydrath (160283105011) and Vasava Yogesh (160283105012) under

my guidance in fulfillment of the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Chemical

Engineering – Semester-III of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad

during the academic year 2016-2017.

Name of Guide Head of Department

Prof. Dr. Purvi Shukla Dr. Sachin Parikh

Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to extend our heartily thanks with a deep sense of gratitude and

respect to all those who has provided us immense help and guidance during our

project.

We would like to express our sincere thanks to our internal guide Dr. Purvi

Shukla for providing a vision about the system and for giving us an opportunity

to undertake such a great challenging and innovative work. We are grateful for

the guidance, encouragement, understanding and insightful support given in the

development process.

We would like to extend my gratitude to Dr. Sachin Parikh, Head of Chemical

Engineering department.

Last but not the least we would like to mention here that we are greatly indebted

to each and everybody who has been associated with our project at any stage but

whose name does not find a place in this acknowledgement.

Yours Sincerely, Patil Mayur (160283105009)

Chetan Rohit (160283105010)

Sindhav Jaydrath (160283105011)

Vasava Yogesh (160283105012)

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INDEX

Sr.no. Contents Page no. 1. Introduction 5

2. Mind mapping 6

3. AEIOU summary 7

3.1 Environment 8

3.2 Interaction 8

3.3. Objects 9

3.4 Activities 9

3.5 Users 9

4 Empathy Mapping 10

4.1 User 11

4.2 Stakeholders 11

4.3 Activities 11

4.4 Story Boarding 12

5. Ideation Canvas 13

5.1 People Activities

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5.2 Activities 14

5.3 Situation /Location /context 14

5.4 Possible Solutions 15

6. Product Development Canvas 16

6.1 Purpose 17

6.2 Product Experience & Product Features & Product functions 17

6.3 People 18

6.4 Components 18

6.5 Customer Revalidation 19

6.6 Reject, Redesign, Retain 19

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1. INTRODUCTION

Gas-liquid reactions, it’s one the most important heterogeneous reactions. when it comes to

gas-liquid reactions, there are two broad application areas where these reactions are used.

One is the gas purification processes and these are important not only from the environmental

point of view, but quite often when we want to use certain gases for reactions and we do not

want any impurities associated with it. We have a gas purification process as a most important

part of any reactor system.

We have things like carbon dioxide removal from synthesis gas. for example, using aqueous

solution of hot ammonia and hot potassium carbonate or ethanoamines we can scrub the CO2

gas. So, CO2 removal essentially is useful with the synthesis gas or with the thermal power

plant flue gases.

The idea is that we want to remove CO2 in hot potassium carbonate or ethanolamine. Now,

why hot why potassium carbonate? Because the carbon dioxide will react with it very easily

in suitable conditions.

Then another common polluting agent is sulphur. So, we want to remove it in hydrogen

sulphide or by sodium hydroxide or reacting ethanolamines and so on. So, there are broad

classes of reactions, we can say that these reactions are more of a purification step than any

production step.

The production processes where gas-liquid reaction occur, on the other hand as a target

product. For example, air oxidation of aldehydes to acids or oxidation of cyclohexane to atopic

acid, which is an important monomer. Chlorination of benzene formation of or production of

nitric acid, sulphuric acid and so on. Where product namely acids or chlorobenzenes or

sulphuric acid, these are important products which we want to manufacture using gas-liquid

reactions.

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2.Mind Mapping

The image of mind mapping is given below

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3.AEIOU SUMMARY

First, we started working in AEIOU summary.

• A: Activities

• E: Environment

• I: Interactions

• O: Objects

• U: Users

This canvas is totally based on the observations. Activities as the name suggests we have

to describe all the activities we observed like if we are in chemical plant we have seen

like…

The image of AEIOU summary is Given below.

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3.1) Environment:

• It can be noisy due to certain operations

are going on simultaneously.

• Here if we are working in the chemical

industry, obviously, there will be Chemical

smell.

• Apart of the equipment’s in which

gas-liquids are going on there is another

processes are also going on with it so all

the processes are considered as the process

industrial environment.

• There are no. of employee are working in

the industry around and industry, so work

environment of workers can be seen around.

3.2) I n t e r a c t i on s :

• there are interactions between engineers and

worker outside the reaction system.

Workers like ITI, technicians etc.

• other interactions are between worker to

their helpers

• HR-department to all employees of company

for improvement of the production, financial

states and for other matters.

• Industrial meetings: it’s one of the most

way in industry for the interaction.

Other important interaction is between

employee with supplier and buyers of the

company.

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3.3) Objects:

We have to describe observed object and

user to correspondingly object frame and

user framework. In our case, there is

chemical plant, so objects are

• LAB

• Equipment

• Flow-charts

• Power supply

• Safety instruments

3.4) Activities:

In this section, we have to mention the

things happening around the system

• Raw material to procedure

• Research and Development

• maintenance

Employer’s work

Mass transfer operations (industrial)

3.5) Users:

The main user of gas-liquid industries

are given below

• Customer

• Other industries

• Chemist

Pollution control department

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4.EMPATHY MAPPING

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Basically, there are four sections in Empathy Canvas,

1. User

2. Stakeholders

3. Activities

4. Story Boarding

To fill empathy canvas, we have studied problems related gas-liquid industries and the people

affected with it, their activities and experience.

4.1) User

• Customer

• Other industries

• Chemist

Pollution control department

4.2) Stakeholders:

Due to Gas-liquid operation, people

that would be indirectly affected are

• Customer

• Engineer

• Workers

Helper

H.R. Department

4.3) Activities:

The activities carried out by stakeholders are

• Raw material to procedure • Research and Development

• Maintenance

Employer’s work

Mass transfer operations (industrial)

Plant controlling

Testing of material

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4.4) Story Boarding

• There are two happy experience and two sad experience which are given below: first happy experience is about the how the gas-liquid operation is useful for purification purpose and second experience is about the product, which can be useful the other industries.

There are two bad experience also, which is related to hazards and another story is about the not complete removal of some material.

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5. IDEATION CANVAS

• Ideation Canvas contain main four sections

1. People

2. Activities

3. Situation/Context/Location

4. Possible Solution

• If we talk about Ideation Canvas then it is something near to our main problem which we want

to find. In people part, only those people mention which is only related to our problem only.

• In Activities means during which you are facing problem. In location/Situation means in

which situation and location problem become in picture that things must be maintained.

• The thought for context/location/situation and finally for possible solutions is at last we have

to find problem and that can be possible solution and way that things can be mentioned.

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5.1) People:

So, people we have mentions different peoples like which are direct related to our problem

• Engineer

• Workers

Helper

H.R. Department

Customer

Suppliers

Manager

Chemist

5.2) Activities:

In activities like studying, operating,

testing electrical material means these

activities come in picture when we are

talking about our mentioned problem

• Machine Breakdown

• Power failure

• Maintenance

Impurities in Raw-material

Shortage of Raw-material

Over production

Shortage of employee

Process conditions not maintained

5.3) Situation/Context/Location:

In this section, we have mentions the

Situations in which the problem

occurs

• Heavy Rainfall

• Earthquake

• Storm

• Fire

• Hazards

• Wastage of material

• Strikes

• Unavailability of area for

Plant expansion

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5.4) Props/Possible solutions:

In this section, the possible solutions are given for above mentioned problems

• Proper maintenance of machine

• Save electricity and use of Generators

• Proper availability of Raw-material

• Increase capacity of storage tank

• Find good quality Raw-material

• New recruitment of employees

Maintain the process condition properly

Flood control system

Fire extinguishers

Controlling the production

Proper material handling

Healthy Working environment

Installations of safety equipments.

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6.PRODUCT DEVLOPMENT CANVAS

Product Development Canvas contain

1. Purpose

2. People

3. Product Experience & Product Function & Product Features

4. Components

5. Customer Revalidation

6. Reject, Redesign & Retain

Now, when we are discussing about the product development canvas we have to define the main

problem after completion of user canvas and Ideation Canvas.

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6.1) Purpose:

The purpose of our project is to design a product

that should perform the following functions

• To provide finished product as per the requirement

of the customer

• To provide good quality Raw material to industries

• For purification of materials

• Good mass transfer so product can obtain in short time

and easily

6.2) Product Experience & Product Features & Product functions:

6.2.1) Product Experience

• Satisfy with quality of product

• Satisfy with cost and quantity of the product

• Product should be ease in application

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6.2.2) Product Features

• Safety

• High efficiency

• Increase in working capacity

Maintain operating conditions

6.2.3) Product functions

• Newer technology equipments

• Easily prepare and less time consuming

• Good quality

Available in different-different requirements

6.3) Customer Revalidation : 6.4) People:

In this section the review of our products The people to whom our product may

which are taken from the customers be useful are

Good quality Customer

Comfortibility Chemist

Ease in application Other industries

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6.5) Components:

In this we have to mentions all the components used in our gas-liquid operations

• Reactor • Storage tank

• Pipelines

• Types of packing

• Valves

• Trays

• Condensers and Heat exchanger

6.6) Reject, Redesign, Retain

In this section the improvements are

mentioned, which are based costumer’s

review and their suggestions:

Low diffusibility

Unavailability of product in large amount

High product cost

REFERANCE:

1. Mass Transfer Operations by Robert E Treybal

2. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering by McCabe Smith

THANK YOU