design guidelines for maximizing lifetime and avoiding energy holes in sensor networks with uniform...
TRANSCRIPT
Design Guidelines for Maximizing Lifetime andAvoiding Energy Holes in Sensor Networks with
Uniform Distribution and Uniform Reporting
Stephan Olariu
Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University
Ivan Stojmenović
SITE, University of Ottawa
INFOCOM 2006
Outline
Introduction
System Assumptions
Evaluating The Minimal Energy Consumption
Evaluating The Balancing Energy
Conclusions
Background
The sensing data is routed to the closest sink
Multi-sink can increase the network lifetime
The circular sensing field with sink at the central point is the best network environment
Motivations
The sensors closest to the sink have least lifetime
The network is easily to be partitioned without power control
Goals
Minimizing the energy consumption of network
Balancing the energy consumption of network
System Assumptions(1)
All sensors have no ID
All sensors can adjust their transmission range
All sensors are location-aware
Each sensor has a maximum transmission range tx
System Assumptions(2)
System Assumptions(3)
r1
r2
r3
r4
System Assumptions(4)
Energy consumption model
The distance of two nodes
power attenuation(2~6)
technology-dependent positive constant(4500)
Minimal Energy Consumption
n: The number of sensor nodes
T: The number of tasks during the network lifetime
ρ: The density of network
Ei: The energy consumption of corona i
ni: The number of sensor nodes in corona i
Minimal Energy Consumption
r1
r2
r3
r4
1 1r rE ca= +
1 11
121
( )
( )
TrE c
n
Tr c
r
a
a
rp
= +
= +
Minimal Energy Consumption
r1
r2
r3
r4 21
2 2 21
1 1( )( )i
ii i k
rTE ci ir r r
r r arp
-
-
é ùê ú= - +-ê ú- ë û
-
i xr t£
Unbalanced-Energy Consumption
R: 240m
α: 3.5
Balancing Energy Consumption
Goal:
Strategy:
Determining r1
1 121
( )T
rE cr
a
rp= +
Determining r1
1 121
( )T
rE cr
a
rp= +
21
2 2 21
1 1( )( )i
ii i k
rTE ci ir r r
r r arp
-
-
é ùê ú= - +-ê ú- ë û
-
Balancing Energy Consumption
21
1 12 2 2 21 1
( ) 1 1( )( )i
ii i k
rT TrE c E ci ir r r r
r raa
rp rp-
-
é ùê ú= + = = - +-ê ú- ë û
-
Balancing Energy Consumption
R: 225m
tx: 55m
α: 4
Unbalanced-Energy Consumption in α=2
i = 2, rk = R, α= 2
Unbalanced-Energy Consumption in α=2
Unbalanced-Energy Consumption in α=2
Unbalanced-Energy Consumption in α=2
21r x=
Conclusions
Two energy consumption models– Minimal– Balanced
Balancing energy consumption can be achieved by different width of coronas
Unbalanced energy consumption in α = 2
Thank You !