Design of fiber optical sensor for atmospheric electric field measurement

H.V. Baghdasaryan, A.V. Daryan*, T.M. Knyazyan

Fiber Optics Communication Laboratory, State Engineering University of Armenia,105 Terian str., Yerevan 0009, Armenia

*A.Alikhanyan National Laboratory, Cosmic Ray Division,2 Alikhanyan brothers str., Yerevan 0036, Armenia

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

E-mail: hovik@seua.am

The atmospheric electric circuit

An equivalent diagram of the atmospheric electric circuit

Atmospheric Electric Circuit

http://incompliancemag.com/article/charges-are-forever-2/

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Atmospheric Electric field detection

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

The atmospheric electric field

When a storm is approaching  discharges are distributed as shown in picture: the clouds base is strongly negative, so, given its closeness to the ground  of 2-3 Km. It is forming an electric field of about 1000 V/m with a potential difference  between clouds and ground of 2 – 3 millions Volts. 

In a clean sky day the atmosphere is home of a  electric field with intensity of 100 V/m, produced of a superficial  negative discharge. 

http://www.vlf.it/nrs/nrs.htm

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Different antenna configurations for electric field measurements in the atmosphere

http://a-tech.net/ElectricFieldMill/

(a) Disc antenna. (b) Whip antenna. (c) Whip antenna with radioactive probe. (d) Long wire antenna.

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

http://tikalon.com/blog/blog.php?article=2013/electric_Kelvin

http://a-tech.net/ElectricFieldMill/

Electric field measurement by field mill

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Probe influence on electric field distribution

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Optical Fiber Electric Field Sensor for Antenna MeasurementHiroyoshi Togo†, Shoji Mochizuki, and Naoya Kukutsu

NTT Technical Review 2004

Conventional antenna measurement systems

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Electric field or discharge impulse can be precisely measured by the highly sensitive optical interference through Mach-Zehnder interferometer fabricated on a LiNbO3 electro-optical crystal substrate wafer.

Application of electro-optic crystal as sensing element

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Periodic relation of transmitted power and voltage difference in a Mach--Zehnder modulator, with UÏ€ being the voltage difference between zero transmission and full power transmission.

Lightwave, March 7, 2014.

Optical Fiber Electric Field Sensor for Antenna MeasurementHiroyoshi Togo†, Shoji Mochizuki, and Naoya Kukutsu

NTT Technical Review 2004

New antenna measurement systems

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Basic principle of electric-field measurement using Pockels effect.

Optical Fiber Electric Field Sensor for Antenna MeasurementHiroyoshi Togo†, Shoji Mochizuki, and Naoya Kukutsu

NTT Technical Review 2004TEPA-2015,  October 5-9,

Byurakan, Armenia

S. M. Chandani, “Fiber-Based Probe for Electrooptic Sampling,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18(12), 1290–1292 (2006).

Fiber based full optical electric field sensor

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Schematic of fiber-edge probe structure based on Fabry-Perot micro-resonator

Block diagram of system configuration is shown. All the opticalcomponents are connected by optical fibers.

S. Wakana, E. Yamazaki, S. Mitani, H. Park, M. Iwanami, S. Hoshino, M. Kishi, and M. Tsuchiya, “Fiber-Edge Electrooptic/Magnetooptic Probe for Spectral-Domain Analysis of Electromagnetic Field,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2611–2616 (2000).

Fiber based full optical electric field sensor

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia

Z

Metal E

Metal

Electro-optical

crystal

Light

Fiber

Electro-optic sensing Gires-Tournois structure

For LiNbO3

2/333

creozz Ernn

V

mr 1233 108.30

At m

VE 510

55124 108.110108.304 zzn

TEPA-2015,  October 5-9, Byurakan, Armenia