Design Review

P13418

John MarkidisDan CharlesIsrael Powell

An Vu

Specifications• Filter all particles above 5 Microns• Production cost of <$20• Reduce Turbidity by 50-75 %• Life Cycle of 6000 Hours (2-5 years)• Flow rate of 1 L/min• Little to no upkeep, consumables needed

should be locally available • Reduce fluoride content by 50-70%

Functional Decomposition

Feasibility StudiesFluoride RemovalParticle Removal

Fluoride Removal

• Electro dialysis

• Adsorption – locally available sources

o Fixed bed adsorption in a packed column• Bone Char – charred at 500 degrees C or

optimal adsorption• Egg Shells

Fluoride Removal Concerns

• Assuming starting concentration of 20 mg/L, A life expectancy of 6000hrs with a flow rater of 1 L/min

• 5.5 milligrams of fluorine adsorbed per gram of adsorbent required

Adsorption of Fluoride from Water Solution on Bone CharNahum A. Medellin-Castillo,† Roberto Leyva-Ramos,*,†,‡ Raul Ocampo-Perez,†

Ramon F. Garcia de la Cruz,† Antonio Aragon-Pin˜ a,† Jose M. Martinez-Rosales,§Rosa M. Guerrero-Coronado,† and Laura Fuentes-Rubio†

• To achieve a 50% reduction in fluoride concentration over the life of the filter 654.545 kg (1443.02 lbs) of bone char would be required

Particle Removal• Mesh Screening

o Plastic/Nylono Stainless Steel

• Mechanical Sieve• Cloth/T-shirt• Centrifuge• Crumb Rubber• Flocculent

Brain Storming &System Selection

System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4Mesh Filter Bag Filter Mesh Flocculant/T-Shirt

Bone Char In a Packed Column

Bone Char in a Packed Column

Bone Char/Egg Shells in a Packed Column

Bone Char/Egg Shells in a Packed Column

System 5 System 6 System 7 System 8Membrane Filter Slow Sand Filter Flocculant Series of Mesh Filters

Bone Char/Egg Shells in a Packed Column

Concrete Container T-shirt

System ComparisonPugh Diagram’s

Pugh T-shirtSystem 1Datum System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6 System 7 System 8

- -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 -1- 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1- 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0- -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0- 0 0 0 0 -1 1 0 0- -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- 0 -1 0 0 0 0 1

0 -2 -3 -2 -2 -3 -1 0 1

Flow rate

Easy to clean

Filter LifeConumable parts Taste changeDangerous Ease of assembly Ease of use

No Fluoride Removal

CostFluoride removalParticle RemovalPortable

Pugh System 1T-Shirt

Datum System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6 System 7 System 8- 0 1 1 -1 1 1 1- 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0- 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0- 0 0 0 0 -1 1 1- 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0- 0 0 -1 0 1 0 1- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- 0 0 0 0 0 1 0- 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0- -1 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 -1 1 0 -3 0 2 3

No Fluoride Removal

Dangerous Ease of assembly Ease of useEasy to clean

PortableFlow rateFilter LifeConumable parts Taste change

CostFluoride removalParticle Removal

Risk Assessment

ID # Risk Effect Cause

Like

lihoo

d

Seve

rity

Impo

rtan

ce

Risk Category

Actions Owner

1 Conflicting ConstraintsA Customer Constraint may need to be adjusted

Removal of fluoride is expensive and requires consumable filter media

2 2 4 TransferCommunication with customer about project priorities

Dan

2Components not acquired on time

Prototype cannot be built and tested by deadline

Not completing detailed design concept on time

1 3 3 PreventCompleted detailed design and order components in a timely manner

Izzy

3Media are not locally available in all locations

Only particle filtration system can be used, fluoride will not be removed

Economy and environment of region 2 3 6 ReduceResearch what resources will be available each region, select media available in the most regions possible

An

4Design cost higher than anticipated

To expensive to be manufacturedThe cost of removing particle and fluoride is too expensive

3 3 9 ReduceReduce the cost by searching for alternative parts with cheaper price

John

5Filter media fully saturated sooner than anticipated

Fluoride will not be removedFluoride concentration higher than anticipated

2 2 4 PreventResearch media properties and fluoride concentrations to accurately estimate life expectancy of filter media

Dan

6Cannot created a sample identical to water in a specific location

Testing not 100% conclusiveWater varies from region to region, and samples hard to obtain

2 2 4 ReduceResearch for local water conditions and characteristics, create a sample that best match the local water conditions

An

7 Exceed budgetCannot complete testing/prototyping

Not spending budget wisely 1 3 3 PreventShop around for cheapest option, confirm the demand for the purchase

Izzy

8Damages to system during maintenance

Working mechanism is not able to work anymore

have to repair the system. Increase the cost of system

1 2 2 PreventSelect durable material during detailed design

John

10 Member drops outMore work for each remaining group member

Personal issues 1 3 3 Accept Provide emotional support for teammates Izzy

11Member doesn't complete assigned tasks

Progress will be delayed Lack of responsibility and diligence 1 3 3 PreventKeep members accountable for there work, don’t overload a single person with too much work

John

12Poor quality of one members work

Certain aspects of project lack meet the standards of the group

Not prioritizing work and allocating required time to thoroughly complete assignments

1 2 2 Prevent Speak to member about lack of quality John

13 Poor communication Project progress is slowedMember not being team-player, too independent

1 2 2 Prevent Keep in contact, attend group meetings An

14Member not meeting task deadlines

Project deliverables not completed on time

Group member not being responsible 1 2 2 PreventRemind member of their responsibilities and deadlines, hold member responsible

Dan

Project PlanningGantt ChartCritical PathNext Steps

Gantt ChartTimeDays

SpecificationsInitial Customer Meeting 1Identify Constraints 7Prioritize Objectives 4

Norms and Values Create Norms and Values 1Develop code of ethics 1Create a Peer Review System 1

BenchmarkingResearch current particle removal systems 14Research fluoride removal systems 14Research current filter systems for third world countries 7Research current methods used by locals to "clean" water 7

Risk AssessmentBrainstorm Potential Risks 1Analyze each risk 1

Feasibility StudiesTest Different Design Concepts 14Models / Calculations 10Research / Scholarly References 14

Functional Decomposition 3Morphological Chart

Construct Morphological chart 2Select systems for Pugh diagram 1

Pugh DiagramSetup Pugh diagram (systems/things were comparing) 1Select a datum 1Analyze systems 2

System Architecture 1Design Review

Presentation 1Invite customers 1Invite experts/faculty 1Put together pre-read 2Prepare any questions 2

Test PlanModify Test Structure/build test Rig 4Sample Preparation

Order Water Fluorination (NaF) 7Order Material to make water turbid (Bentonite Clay) 7Locate useable water source 3

Sample TestingContact Scott Wolcott about lab time 2Order fluoride strips/Color wheel 7

Test ProcedureDevelop test procedure for Fluoride 2Develop test procedure for Particles 2

Detailed DesignTesting 10Analyze data 4Develop Detailed Design 4Detailed Design Review 1Bill of Materials 2Design Drawings 2Estimated production cost 1

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Critical PathDesign Review

• Propose Design Concept• Refine Project Based on Customer/Expert

Feedback

Testing

• Test System Design• Analyze Data, Further Refine Design

Detailed

Design

• Finalize Functional Design• Finalize Structural Design/Create BOM

Next Steps• Order Required Components

o Order filter componentso Order components to create sample

• Sample Preparationo Select a starting turbidity level and standard preparation methodo Select a starting fluoride concentration and standard preparation

methodo Modify test rig to test overall system

• Develop Test Procedureo Develop test procedure for fluoride removalo Develop test procedure for particle removalo Develop test method for overall system