1

Design test case technique Equivalence partitioning

And Boundary value analysis

Estimated Time: 120 mins

Trainer: Tran Thanh Tuan

2

At the end of this course, you are going to know:

To provide an approach to design test case.

Understand how to apply equivalence partitioning and boundary to design test case.

PurposePurpose

3

1.Introduction

2.What is equivalence partitioning?

3.Identify equivalence classes

4.Define the test cases

5.Combining with boundary analyze to choose data

6.Examples

7.Q&A

OutlineOutline

4

IntroductionIntroduction

Google search :

how many test cases do we need?

5

Advantages of EPAdvantages of EP

- To reduce the number of test cases to a necessary minimum

- To select the right test cases to cover all possible scenarios ( of course not to be absolutely sure)

6

What is EP?What is EP?

Input, output domain

Equivalence classes

7

How to use to design testcaseHow to use to design testcase

Test case design by EP proceeds into 2 steps:

- Identify equivalence classes

- Define the test cases

8

1. Introduction

2. What is equivalence partitioning ?

3. Identify equivalence class4. Define the test case5. Combining with boundary analyze to

choose data6. Examples7. Q&A

OutlineOutline

9

• Input, output: clue from requirement

• Equivalence classes are of 2 types: valid and invalid

• Ex: identify equivalence classes for this requirement “ if a pupil has total score >= 75, he will pass the exam, otherwise will fail (total score is an integer)”

Identify equivalence classesIdentify equivalence classes

10

Identify equivalence classesIdentify equivalence classes

Total score Error messageSystem

Fail

Pass

11

Valid equivalence classes

Invalid equivalence classes

Total score 1. >=75 2. <75

3. Null

4. String

Result of the exam

5. Pass

6. Fail

7. Error message

Identify equivalence classesIdentify equivalence classes

12

1. Introduction

2. What is equivalence partitioning ?

3. Identify equivalence class4. Define the test case5. Combining with boundary analyze to

choose data6. Examples7. Q&A

OutlineOutline

13

• Assign a unique number to each equivalence class

• For valid case: until all valid equivalence classes have been covered by test case, write a new test case covering as many uncover valid equivalence classes as possible.

• For invalid case: until all invalid equivalence classes have been covered by test case, write a new test case that cover one, and only one, of the uncovered invalid equivalence classes.

Define test casesDefine test cases

14

• Example: write test case for “ if a pupil has total score >= 75, he will be past the exam, otherwise will fail ”, using equivalence partitioning.

Define test casesDefine test cases

Conditions Valid equivalence class

Invalid equivalence class

Total score 1. >=75 2. <753. Null4. String

Result of the exam

5. Pass6. Fail7. Error message

Test case:

• 1, 5

• 2, 6

• 3, 7

• 4, 7

15

1. Introduction

2. What is equivalence partitioning?

3. Identify equivalence classes

4. Define the test cases

5. Combining with boundary analyze to choose data

6. Examples

7. Q&A

OutlineOutline

16

Boundary analyze and EPBoundary analyze and EPWhat is Boundary analyze?- Is a technique to refine

equivalence partitioning- Concentrate on cases at the

extreme ends of each equivalence class.

17

Boundary analyze and EPBoundary analyze and EP

Boundary values

18

Boundary analyze and EPBoundary analyze and EPBoundary value analysis?- Is to use input variable value at the

minimum, just above minimum, just below minimum, normal, at the maximum, just below maximum, just above maximum

19

Boundary analyze and EPBoundary analyze and EP

Example:

• “ if a pupil has total score >= 75, he will pass the exam, otherwise will fail (total score is an integer)”

Conditions Valid equivalence classes

Invalid equivalence classes

Total score 1. >=75 2. <753. Null4. String

Result of the exam

5. Pass6. Fail7. Error message

Test case:

1. 1, 5

2. 2, 6

3. 3, 7

4. 4, 7

Data to test:1a. 75, pass

1b. 76, pass

2. 74, fail

3. Null, error message

4a. A, error message

4b. I am a tester of EW and I love this job, error message

20

1. Introduction

2. What is equivalence partitioning?

3. Identify equivalence classes

4. Define the test cases

5. Combining with boundary analyze to choose data

6. Examples

7. Q&A

OutlineOutline

21

1. Login function- Requirement:

The Registered User enters credentials – a username and password – and submits the credentials.

The System verifies the user’s credentials.The System presents the homepage with hello user name and log out link.

If the user has been inactive, the system presents a message indicating that the account has been inactive.If invalid username or password, the system determines that the combination of username and password is in error.( username: maximum 25 chars, not have space, unique, a-z, A-Z, number, password: minimum 6 chars long)

ExamplesExamples

22

ExamplesExamples

Database

Homepage

SystemPassword

Username

Button Submit

Error message of username or password is incorrectError message of inactive account

Nothing happen

Relation of username and password

23

• Identify equivalence class:

ExamplesExamples

24

• Identify test caseValid case– 1,2,3,4,5,12,13,14,18,20,21,24,27– 1,2,3,4,12,13,14,18,20,21,25,27Invalid case– 1,6,12,13,14,19,22,21,24,28– 7,12,19,22,21,25,28– 8,4,5,14,19,22,21,25,28– 9,1,2,3,4,12,18,20,21,24,29– 10,14,18,22,21,24,28– 11,13,19,21,22,24,28– 1,3,4,15,19,20,23,25,28– 1,3,4,16,19,20,24,28– 1,3,4,17,19,20,24,28– 1,3,4,12,13,18,25,26,30

ExamplesExamples

25

1. Search function- Requirement:

User fill in search field then click search. The system will find all search string in the document and highlight them.If no one is found, message on form to indicate no result found.( search like Notepad)

ExamplesExamples

26

ExamplesExamples

Relationship of search text and search data

SearchSearch data

Search text

Message indicates that no search found

Highlight all the occurrences of the search text in the search data

Nothing happen

Button Search

Relationship of search text and button Search

27

• Identify equivalence class:ExamplesExamples

28

• Identify test caseValid case– 1,10,12,13, 17,21,22– 2,10,12,14,18,21,25– 3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,14,17,21,25Invalid case– 9,21– 3,4,8,11,12,17,21,24, 26– 3,6,7,10,13,15,18,21,22– 3,10,12,14,19,20,23

ExamplesExamples

29

One page summaryOne page summary

30

• To provide an approach to design test case • Understand how to apply equivalence partitioning and boundary analysis

to design test case

PurposePurpose

31

1. Introduction

2. What is equivalence partitioning?

3. Identify equivalence classes

4. Define the test cases

5. Combining with boundary analyze to choose data

6. Examples

7. Q&A

OutlineOutline

32

Q&AQ&A

33

ReferencesReferences

• The art of software testing

• Internet

34

Thank you!!!Thank you!!!