Design Tools for Governance in Cyber Social Systems:

Community Forma:on/Management, Delibera:on, Conflict Resolu:on

BenShneiderman,August28,2016

UniversityofMaryland

CSS Framing Document

•  Transformallmajorsectorsofoursociety:•  Healthcaredelivery,educaCon,communityservices,transportaCon,•  JusCce,civilrights,environment,•  Homeland&internaConalsecurity,bio-security,•  Business&commerce

•  Novelsynthesesofcomputer&informaConscience&engineeringwithhuman&socialsciences:•  HumancogniConandcommunicaCon;collaboraCon&teamwork;mechanismdesign,includingsocialreward&recogniCon;

•  Ethics;behavioral,social,andorganizaConaldesign;behaviorchange;socialpsychology;pracCceculture;implementaConscience;complexity&networkscience;

•  Onlinecommunitydesign;moCvaCon&persuasion;behavioraleconomics;sociology;poliCcalscience;humanisCcthinking;ethnographicmethods

Cyber-Social System Par:cipants

Journalists

ConcernedUsers/Stakeholders:PaCents,Customers,Passengers,Students

Professionals,Managers,Researchers,Designers,

Analysts,Staff

MaliciousActors

Governments

ProvideService

ProvideFeedback

Review/Report

Regulate

Threaten

Cyber-Social System Ac:vi:es

AcConData

Knowledge

AnalysisDiscussionDecisionPersuasion

Example CSS

Greatsuccesses• AirTrafficControlSystem• AmericanCollegeofCardiologists• WorldWideWeb:W3C,ICANN,etc.•  Linux/Apache,Mozilla,R,etc.• Wikipedia

Example CSS

Greatsuccesses• AirTrafficControlSystem• AmericanCollegeofCardiologists• WorldWideWeb:W3C,ICANN,etc.•  Linux/Apache,Mozilla,R,etc.• Wikipedia

BUT98%failurerate• NASA’sEOSDIS• NCI’sCaBIG• Opensourceprojects• Wikis

From Reader to Leader: Mo:va:ng Technology-Mediated Social Par:cipa:on

Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers

Leader

Preece&Shneiderman,AISTrans.Human-ComputerInterac5on1(1),2009 aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/

Governance Tools in Cyber Social Systems

1)DeliberaCvesystemsdesign2)Large-scaleteamworkmonitoringsystems

-enable1000+peopletoworktogethertowardsacommongoal.3)CollaboraContoolkits&remoteteamwork4)OnlinedisputeorconflictresoluContools

1) Delibera:ve systems design

• Howtoengagewithlargenumbersofpeoplein:•  Sharingideas•  Refiningideasintoplans•  Developingconsensus•  Obtaining&allocaCngresources•  Gejngcommitmenttosharedgoals

2) Large-scale teamwork monitoring systems •  Enabling1000+peopletoworktogethertowardsacommongoal• Assigningtasks(Linux-likestrategiesforposCngtasksthatmemberstakeon)•  SharingofcriCcalpathdiagramstomonitorprogress•  EvaluaCngpeers&mentoringforimprovement• BugreporCngschemes(e.g.Bugzilla)• Repairingproblemsastheyemerge(github-likeposCngofissuesandclosingthem)• CollecCngguidelinesforfutureuse

3) Collabora:on toolkits

• Checklists• CommunicaConstools•  Shareddocuments,calendars•  Tasklists&schedules• Remoteworksupport

4) Online dispute or conflict resolu:on tools

•  Ebay,PayPal,Amazon,etc.• OnlinemediaConservices• ModernDelphimethods

Science, Engineering & Design •  ScienCficMethod

•  ControlledLaboratoryTests•  ReducConistThinking

•  EngineeringProcess•  IteraCvelyrefineprototypes•  Guidedbymeasurablecriteria•  Modulardesign,interdependentcomponents

• DesignThinking•  Challengethegoals/requirements•  Empathizewithusers•  Divergent/Convergentthinking•  Celebrateteamwork&diverseviewpoints

Science, Engineering, Design

https://books.google.com/ngrams

Scien:st, Engineer & Designer NY Times articles

http://chronicle.nytlabs.com/

Applied & Basic Combined •  TeamsthatfollowSED&ABCPrinciplesaremorelikelytoproducebreakthroughs• NewcollaboraContechnologiesempowerresearchgroups• GreaterambiContotakeonsocietalchallenges•  Healthcaredelivery•  Environmentalsustainability•  EnergyconservaCon•  EducaCon,Housing,TransportaCon,…

Applied & Basic Combined •  TeamsthatfollowSED&ABCPrinciplesaremorelikelytoproducebreakthroughs• NewcollaboraContechnologiesempowerresearchgroups• GreaterambiContotakeonsocietalchallenges•  Healthcaredelivery•  Environmentalsustainability•  EnergyconservaCon•  Communitysafety•  EducaCon,Housing,TransportaCon,…

www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/newabcs