det may viet nam

7/31/2019 Det May Viet Nam

1/46

PH NG PH P NGHINC U KHOAH C

t i: TH C TR NGV GI I PH P NNG CAO NNG L C C NH TRANHCANG NH D T MAYVI T NAM TR C I TH

TRUNG QUC.

B I T P MN H C


2/46

L dochn ti. Theo s liu cng b ca Tng cc Hi quan Trung Quc ngy 10/1/2011, tng kim ngch XNK ca Tru

Quc trong c nm 2010 t 2.927,76 t USD , tng 34,7% so vi cng k nm 2009. Trong , XK t 1.577,93 tUSD , tng 31,3%; NK t 1.394,83 t USD , tng 38,7%; Thng d thng mi t 183,1 t USD, gim 6,4%. ng thi, t l gia thng d thng mi vi tng kim ngch XNK ca Trung Quc t 11,6% ca nm 2008 gim xung cn 8,9% ca nm 2009 v n nm 2010 tip tc gim xung cn 6,2%, tng th ngoi thngtrin theo hng c bn cn bng.

(HNM)- Ngy 30-12, BCng thng thng bo kt qu hot ng xut khu nm 2010 vi tng kimngch xut khu t 71,63 tUSD , tng 25,5% so vi mc thc hin nm 2009, ng thi l mc tng trng cao,vt xa ch tiu Quc hi ra.

Theo BCng thng , tng kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Trung Quctrong nm 2010 tng 23,6% sovi cng k nm 2009, t 206,53 t USD . Trong , kim ngch xut khu mt hng dt t 77,05 t USD, cc mt

hng may t 129,48 t USD.

So vi kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Vit Nam trong nm 2010 l 11,2 t USD , kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Trung Quc ln hn gp 20 ln , tip tc gi v tr qucgia xut khu hng dt may ln nht ton cu.


3/46

Ngun: TCHQ

Biu xut nhp khu, nhp siu ca Vit Nam vi Trung Quc (n v: t USD)


4/46

Ngun: Tng cc Thng k

Biu xut nhp khu ca Vit Nam (n v: t USD)


5/46

S b nh tr ng ca Trung Quc e dang nh dt may Vit Nam.

+ Tr c s b nh tr ng ca cc cng ty dt mayTrung Quc, rt nhiu quc gia ang lo phi imt vi tnh trng tht nghip gia tng. + Mt n nh v mt chnh tr x hi.

+ Mt n nh kinh t. + Tranh d nh cc ngun t i nguyn c bit l du m.


6/46

L DO CH N T I

S thua km ca kinh t Vit Nam ni chungv ngnh dt may ni ring so vi Trung Qu

S pht trin qu nhanh ca dt may Trung tng xu n kinh t Vit Nam ni chung vngnh dt may Vit Nam.

Yu cu pht trin ngnh dt may Vit Nam


7/46

Ch ng 2: C C L THUYT NGHIN CU

+ Kinh t hc Vi m.

+ Kinh t hc V m.

+ Marketing.

+L thuyt tr chi.

+ L thuyt v chin lc cnh tranh ca MichaelPorter.

+ Cc nghin cu trc khc


8/46

MC TIU NGHIN CU

1.MC TIU TNG QU T Tm gii php nng cao kh nng cnh tranh

ca ngnh dt may Vit Nam trc s bnhtrng ca Trung Quc.


9/46

2. MC TIU C TH Tm hiu nguyn nhn Ti sao cng mt xut

pht im m dt may Vit Nam li thua kmTrung Quc

Nguyn nhn lm ngnh trng bng VN khn pht trin Cc bin php ci thin nhm thc y xut

khu ngnh dt may VN Chin lc cnh tranh ca ngnh dt may VNtrc s bnh trng ca TQ


10/46

CU HI NGHIN CU

1. Ti sao cng mt xut pht im TQ li bxa VN trong kim ngch xut khu dt may? 2. TQ lm g t c cc thnh tu ln

trong XK dt may? 3. VN c nhng th mnh no trong cuc

chin vi TQ v XK dt may? 4. Dt may VN c thun li & kh khn g kh

gia nhp WTO? 5. Chin lc no cho ngnh dt may VN?


11/46

GII H N NGHIN CU

1. S dng s liu th cp: internet, cc bngthng k ca cc ngnh, trch dn pht biuca cc chuyn gia

2. Thi gian nghin cu: trong thi gian saucch mng thng 8/1945 n nay.

3. Khng gian nghin cu: trn c s so snh ngnh dt may VN v TQ.


12/46

NGHA NGHIN CU

Cnh bo s pht trin ca ngnh dt may TQe da n nn kinh t VN ni chung v ngndt may VN ni ring.

Chin lc pht trin ca dt may Vit Nam.


13/46

Ch ng 3: PH NG PH P NGHIN CU

+ PPNC m t kt hp PPNC lch s

+ PP thu thp thong tin:

+ Phng php phn tch


14/46

1.1Kim ngch xut khu h ng dt may ca Trung Quc v Vit Nam.

TT - Theo B Cng thng, tng kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Trung Quc tro2010 tng23,6 % so vi cng k nm2009 , t206,53 t USD.Trong , kim ngch xut khumt hng dt t77,05 t USD, cc mt hng may t129,48 t USD.

So vi kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Vit Nam trong nm2010 l 11,2 t USD, kimngch xut khu hng dt may ca Trung Quc ln hn gp20 ln, tip tc gi v tr quc giaxut khu hng dt may ln nht ton cu.

Ch ng 4: NI DUNG NGHIN CU


15/46

Thc trng ngnh dt mayVitNam.+ Nguyn liu phn ln nhp t ncngai.( c bit tTrung Quc.)+ 70% hng xut khul gia cng cho cc hng ca ncngai.+ Nng sutbng hinnay ca VitNam mi p ng c10-15% nhu cu

dtd c khong200.000 ha trngbng. 25.000ha trngdu nui tm , ng th2 th gii(ch sau Trung Quc). ( NgunViseri)

+ My mc thit b dt lc hudo nng sut dt vi ca VitNam ch bng 30% caTrung Quc.


16/46

Hin nay, hng dt may VN c mt nhiu th trng trn th gii, trong c ba ln nht l M, EU v Nht Bn . Ngoi ra, sn phm dt may ca Vit Nam cng

sang mt s th trng khc nh: Hn Quc, i Loan, Hng Kng, Lin bang Nga

M 55%

Nht Bn 10%

Th trngkhc 17%

EU 18%

* Ngun: S liu t Vinatex,http://www.vinatex.com

Th tr ng xut khu chnh ca h ng dt may VN

C cu th tr ng xut khu
http://www.vinatex.com/http://www.vinatex.com/


17/46

T l nhp khu h ng dt may ca M nm2005

Trung Quc22%Cc nc

khc74%

Vit Nam 4%

* Ngun: S liu t B thng mi M. Dn theo: Henrik Schaumburg - Muller.Vietnamese Garment Enterprises After the Termination of the Multi - Fiber Agreement.

Copenhagen Business School. March, 2007.


18/46

Kim ngch xut khu h ng dt may ca Vit Nam sang M (Triu USD)

2.7 16.8 23.6 26 26.4 38 49 45

951

1,9732,474

2,640

3,044

4,470

0500

100015002000

25003000350040004500

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

* Ngun s liu t Tng cc Hi quan,http://www.customs.gov.vn
http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/


19/46

Kim ngch xut khu h ng dt may ca Vit Nam sang M (Triu USD)

2.7 16.8 23.6 26 26.4 38 49 45

951

1,9732,474 2,640

3,044

4,470

0500

10001500200025003000

350040004500

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

* Ngun s liu t Tngcc Hi quan,http://www.customs.gov.vn


20/46

Kim ngch xut khu h ng dt may ca VN sang Nht Bn (Triu USD)

91.7134.5

261.8

352.3441.9

501.6

321 280

620 588 570 580

763

875

627705

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Tr gi

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

* Ngun s liu t Tng cc Hi quan, http://www.customs.gov.vn


21/46

Biu 6: Kim ngch xut khu hng dt may ca Vit Nam sang EU ( Triu USD)

250 285350 420

450620 606 609 599 570 580

763875

1,243

1,490

0

200400600800

10001200

14001600

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

* Ngun s liu t Tng cc Hi quan, http://www.customs.gov.vn
http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/http://www.customs.gov.vn/


22/46

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

%

T l tng KNXK ngnh dt may T l ng gp ca ngnh dt may vo tng KNXK

T l tng KNXK ca ng nh dt may

* Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2006 http://www.gso.gov.vn
http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/


23/46

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

%

Ga tr tng SL ton ngnh CN CN Dt CN May CN Dt + May

Gi tr tng tr ng sn l ng ng nh dt may(theo gi so snh nm 1994)

* Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2006 http://www.gso.gov.vn
http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/


24/46

CH NG II: KH NNG C NH TRANH CA NG NH CNG NGHI P D TMAY VI T NAM TR C I TH TRUNG QUC.

1.Lch s hnh thnh v phttrin lu i


25/46

2.Quy m tc tng trng.

T l tng trng hng nm l 20% (ngun vinatex) + Doanh nghip dt may Nh nc chim 5%, doanh nghip c vn FDI chim 25% vln l doanh nghip t nhn v cng ty c phn.

+ Hin nay ngnh hin s dng trn 2 triu lao ng trong hn 1,3 triu lao ng cngnghip, chim t trng trn 10% so vi lao ng cng nghip c nc v t kim ngch x


26/46

3. im yu ca cngnghip dt mayVitNam.

1.Vn thiu,

2. Hiu qu s dng vn thp Trong khi Trung Quc v Hng Kng c t l gi tr gia tng t vn kh cao (12,2% v

th gi tr gia tng t vn ca Vit Nam li vo hng thp nht (ch t 3,8%)


27/46

Vn SXKD ca doanh nghip dt, may (T ng)

171999666

20210

1 1 3 4 2

25205

1 3 7 2 7

28108

1 8 9 6 4

37522

2 3 5 4 6

45068

2 5 3 9 9

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Ngnh dt Ngnh may

* Ngun s liu t Nin gim thng k 2006, http://www.gso.gov.vn
http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.gso.gov.vn/


28/46

10.2

5.8 6

12.9 12.2

7.8

3.8

02468

101214

Canada M i Loan HngKng

TrungQuc

n Vit Nam

%

* Ngun nghin cu ca WTO,http://www.wto.org

Gi tr gia tng t vn ca ng nh dt may cc n c (%)
http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/


29/46

3 Ngun nguyn ph liu ph thuc th tr ng bn ngo i

10 8 6

1 0 0

3 0

6 5 7

0

9 0 1

0 0

1 0 0

4 3 628

0

20

40

60

80

100

Mymc,

thit b,ph tng

X siho hc

Bng xt nhin

Vi ccloi

Si dt Ph liu(ch,mex,

kho..)

Chtnhum

T l %

Vit Nam Trung Quc

* Ngun s liu t Vinatex, http:// www.vinatex.com


30/46

3. 5Nng sut lao ngv tc phong cngnghip ca lao ng VitNam cnthp.

Nng sut lao dng ca ngnh dt may Vit Nam nhn chung ch bng 2/3 so vi mcqun ca cc nc ASEAN

Dng nh Gim.Th tm hiu kh nng cnh tranh ca ngnh Cng nghip Dt - May Vit Nam. T/ch Cng nghip Vit Nam (4/2001).


31/46

.

Gi tr gia tng t lao ng ca ng nh dt may cc n c (%)

5.1 5.83.5

7.9

2.5 2.91.2

25.9

21 20.822.6

18.2

21.1

9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Canada M i Loan Hng Kng Trung Quc n Vit NamLao ng qua o to Lao ng cha qua o to

* Ngun s liu t nghin cu ca WTO,http://www.wto.org
http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/


32/46

4 Cht l ng sn phmHin nay, cht lng sn phm ngnh dt may tuy c nhng ci thin nhng nhn c

cht lng cha cao, cha ng u, t l gi c/ cht lng cao, thng cao hn cc nkhu vc khong 10- 15%, cao hn Trung Quc khong 20%[1] .

Cht lng sn phm ngnh dt thng khng p ng c yu cu may xut khu. Vtrong nc thng c kh hp, cht lng li thp hn tiu chun quc t.[1] Nguyn Anh Tun, Dip Th M Ho. Ngnh dt may Vit Nam sau khi ATC ht hiu lc: vn v gii php.T/ch Nghin cu kinh t, s 323 (4/2005).

5 .Yu t u vo caoKhi qut li c th thy, nhngphn tch v vn, kh nng cung ng nguyn ph liu, lao

ngv thit b, cng ngh ch ra rt nhiu yukm v yu t u vo ca ngnh dt may. Nhng yukm ny lm chi ph uvo trung gian cangnh dtmay VitNam tng ln rtcao(ti86%).


33/46

Canada M i

Loan

Hng

Kng

Trung

Quc

n VitNam

Tng GTGT

41,2 32,6 30,3 43,4 32,9 31,8 14,0

Chi ph u votrunggian

58,8 67,4 69,7 56,6 67,1 68,2 86,0

So snh tng GTGT v chi ph u v o trung gian ng nh dt may mt s n c n v: %

* Ngun s liu nghin cu ca WTO,http://www.wto.org

6 M k
http://www.wto.org/http://www.wto.org/


34/46

6 Mu m kmMt hn ch na l nng lc thit k thitrang cacc doanh nghpcn rt yukm, ch mi

cquan tm nghin cu gn y,nn cn nhb v mang tnh hnh thc.

MH. Hng dt may Vit Nam: Tiu th ni a ch chim nng lc sn xut. Bo Si Gn Gii Phng s thng 5/2006.

7 Yukm trongvic xy dng c th ng hiu.

Cc sn phm dt may XK hu ht phi s dng nhn mc nc ngoi.Cc cng vic qungb thng hiuv xc tin thng miv xy dng thng hiu tra yukm.Marketing cngl mtkhu yukm cacc doanh nghip dtmay VitNam. Mcdngnh dtmay xut khu sn phmsang rt nhiu th trngtrn khp th giitrongsut my chc nmqua, nhngcc doanh nghip ch yu vn nhnmay gia cng,khng c nhiu ngunkhch hng trc tip. th trng ni a thng yu th hnsovi xut khu(tiu th ni a ch chim khong 25%) *

Vit Nam trong chui sn xut & tiu th h ng dt may


35/46

V t a t o g c u s ut & t u t g dt ay

Cc trung gian phn phi, bn lton cu

Khch hng nc ngoi (EU, Nht Bn, Canada)

Cc trung gianbn bun

Nh sn xut khu vc (i Loan,Hng Kng, Hn Quc)

Nh sn xut VitNam

Lin kt b mt

* Ngun: Van, Dang Nhu. Vietnamese T&G firms in the global value chain: if and how value added pays off?. Center of Analysis and ,Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences, June, 2005

8.Cc quan h lin kt trong v ngo i ng nh


36/46

q g g gMt trong nhng yu km hin nay ca ngnh dt may l cha c s lin kt, khp kn

trnh sn xut cng nghip bao gm t sn xut thng ngun (nguyn liu u vo) mu m, sn xut thnh phm quy m cng nghip, to knh phn phi v xy dng th

9.C ch, chnh sch ca nh n c chuyn gia v th trng cho rng mi trng kinh doanh Vit Nam km thun li.

biu hin trn cc kha cnh nh: lut l khng r rng, chnh sch thu khng n nh, knh v quan liu trong b my hnh chnh, th tc xut khu thng phc tp

Chiv thch thc khi ca dtVitNam khi gianhp WTO


37/46

3.1Tcngtch cc Gia nhp WTO t11/1/2007 , Vit Nam c iu kin hi nhp su vo nn kinh t th githu ht u t nc ngoi.+Th nht, gia nhpWTO VitNam sc cmi trngkinh doanh bnh ng, thun li

hn v khng b phn bit i x.+Thhai, vicgia nhpWTO s to iu kincho ngnh dtmay ca VitNam c hng

li ch nh vic ct gimhng ro thuquan v phi thuquan.+Thba, hng dtmay ca VitNam skhng cn b p t ch hn ngch.+Th t, mt li ch khc tWTO l doanh nghip dtmay VitNam s c bo v tt hn

trc nhngco buc v vicbn ph gi v cc khon thu chngbn ph gi+Th nm, ngnh dtmay sc c hito ln thu ht vn u t ncngoi.+Thsu, ngnh dtmay sc c hi tip cn vikhoa hccng nghtin tin, ci thintrang

thit b,+Th by, tham gia vo WTO l c hi VitNam thc yqu tnh cicch ngnh dt

may trong nc, nng cao kh nng cnhtranh.

C hiv thch thc khi ca dt VitNam khi gianhp WTO


38/46

+ Cc nh sn xut dt may trong nc s phi cnh tranh khc lit khi cc sn phm ngoi t trn vo Vit Nam, nht l cc nc cnh tranh ln nh Trung Quc, n

+ Ngnh dt may cn phi i mt vi hin tng bin ng lao ng. Cc doanh nghicnh tranh trong vic thu ht ngun nhn lc, c bit l cnh tranh vi cc nh u t nngoi ti Vit Nam.

3.1Tc ng tiu cc

: Do phi cnh tranh vi hng ngoi v mc thu nhp khu dt may gim 2/3xung cn 5- 20%, trong khi chng ta cha nhn thc ht c nhng thch thc,p lc cnh tranh khi hi nhp, dn n vic thiu chun b, thiu phng n khi sxut kinh doanh kh khn. c bit t 1/1/2009, khi Vit Nam phi m ca thtrng bn l cho cc DN nc ngoi th sc p cnh tranh s ngy cng ln.

ng L Quc n, ch tch hip hi dt may Vit Nam


39/46


40/46


41/46

ith T Q h h ti (TT)


42/46

+Giao hng ng hn + Mt khc thi trang cao cp ca Trung Quc cng rt pht trin, Bc Kinh v ThHi tr thnh kinh thi trang ni ting.+TQ kh mnh v qung b thi trang qua cc Tun l thi trang quc t Trung Quc (TQ) thu- ng2007-2008 ti thnh ph Bc Kinh, TQ vi nhng mu thit k thitrang a dng, mi l v n tng. + Mt khc TQ cn c h thng o to ngnh dt may v thi trang rt mnh. C nhngtrng v hc vin ni ting nh: Hc vin thi trang Bc Kinh. Mt s tn tui thi tranTQ ni ting trn thgii nh: nhn hiu CABEEN, nhn hiu EDENBO,

i th Trung Qucv nhng sc mnh tim n (TT).

Nguy c m Trung Quc phi ng u


43/46

Nguy c m Trung Quc phi ng u v c hi ca Vit Nam

+ G i ng NDT lin tc c iu chnh tng + Gi du th v len ngy cng tng mnh trn th trng quc.+ Hng Trung Quc mang ting l gi r v cht lng khng cao. + Ngy 4 thng 4 nm 2007 U ban chu u b phiu ng h d lut cho php hnhp khu mt s danh mc dt may ca nhp khu t Trung Quc. Ngnh cng nghmay trong nc ca M cng c yu sch vi chnh ph M i hn ch hoc cm nh14 mt hng may mc nhp khu t Trung Quc. + Sau khi M v EU hn ch nhp khu hng dt may Trung Quc, hn 69% hng dqun o xut khu ca Trung Quc xut sang th trng ASEAN v cc nc chu Phi.

+ n trnh vic t hn nghch ca EU v M cho xut khu nghnh dt may Trungchuyn sang u t vo cc cng ty nc ngoi nh Vit Nam, khu vc chu phi, M


44/46

2.1Ngunlao ng dido c taynghcao:2.2L ng nhn cngr:2.3 Ngnh cngnghip ch lc:2.4 . Li th vmi tr ng chnh tr x hi n nh cng l iu kin tt

ngnh dtmay VitNam pht trin thun li.

2.4 .Vit nam l thnh vin WTOch hn ngch bi b c c hi hp tcpht trin

3.2 im mnh

+ Nguyn liu phn ln nhp t nc ngai. + Ch yu l gia cng + Chi ph u vo cao. + Mu m khng a dng.

3.2 im yu

CH NG III: CHIN L C C NH TRANHTR C I THTRUNGQUC.Phn tch SWOT


45/46

3.2 Nguy c

+ mt th trng vo tay trung quc v cc nc khc.+ Ph thuc v ngun nguyn vt liu nhp khu .+ Lut php Quc t v ro cn thng mi tc ng .

+ Mt th trng trong nc .

3.2 C Hi -ngNDT bt buc phi tnggi lm cho dtmay Trung Quc gpkhng t kh khn doanh nghip sn xuthng xut khuthm dnglao ngl mt thm ha. Ngnh thitrangv ni thtl hai ngnh thm dnglao ng, t l li nhun thp ch khong3%, s b nh hngnghim trng. y l c hicho VitNam tng tc

-Cc nc u tptrung kim hm s pht trin caTrung Quc. Vitnam l la chn thhai.- Nhiunh cung cpTrung Quc hng v xut khu,gia cng cc sn phm cn nhiulaong, phn lnginh c li th vgi do c qui msn xut ln. Tnh hnh ny angthayitheo hng bt li


46/46

Kt lun v kin ngh

1. Cn ch ng trong vic tm kim cc ngun nguyn ph liu trong nc. Vicny khng ch lm gim gi thnh m cn gp phn vo cng cuc gim t lhng gia cng. Pht trin sn xut nguyn ph liu, ch ng ngun nguyn ph liu. Cng nh ch to ph kin thit b my mc cho cng nghip dt may.

2. Cn phi xy dng thng hiu mnh khng nh v th ca mnh trn thtrng ni a v tng bc chim lnh th trng th gii.

3. Bn cnh , phi chm lo ci thin i sng cho ngi lao ng. Khuyn khccc DN tip tc di di cc c s sn xut may mc v cc th t, vng nng thnhm gii quyt c bi ton v lao ng. Tit gim chi ph nhm duy tr khnng cnh tranh, thu ht n hng.

4. Ngoi ra, nh nc cn c chnh sch n nh v gi, v thi gian cung cp iTnh trng ct cp in nh trong thi gian qua gy thit hi ln cho doanhnghip.

5. Cn c s hp tc cht ch vi cc c quan nh nc, cc DN cng nh hip hcc nh nhp khu, bn l, cc i tc t pha M. V cc nc khc.

6. Thit lp, cng c quan h lin kt trong v ngoi ngnh

det may viet nam

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