detailed cv -...

DETAILED CV

Dr. S.K. Chaudhary, Doctrate in Civil Engineering from B.R.A Bihar University,Muzaffarpur and

M.Tech in Structural Engineering from Regional Engineering College, Durgapur (West Bengal).

He is presently Advisor (Technical) in Bihar State Disaster Management Authority, Bihar,

Patna. He has been involved in System development and expertise promotion for effective

disaster mitigation, Promoting awareness and enhancing knowledge and skills of all stakeholders

and general people, Networking and facilitating exchange of information, experience and

expertise, Research & Development and documentation of best practices, Coordinating the

enforcement and implementation of the policy and plan for disaster management, Lay down

guidelines to be followed by the District Authorities in drawing up the District Plan and to be

followed by the different State Departments for the Purpose of integrating the measures apart

from Capacity building of Engineers and, Govt officials and Public representatives He has been

actively involved in design and estimate of concrete structures, research and consultancy work

since the last 20 years. He has published 170 (One hundred seventy) papers in conferences

(International and National) and Learned Journals and Two Books namely “Bhukamp ka

Rahasya,Vigyan evan Bachao” and “Bhukamprodhi Bhavan Nirmaan evan Sudridhikaran”.

He has received 26 National and International award. Getting NACE International award,

Mascot National Award, Engineer of the Year Award, are some of the golden feature in his

cap of achievement. He is the member of G3 Committee on Reduction of Carbon footprint in

Road Construction of Indian Road Congress. He is member of many technical societies of

International & National Repute and has organized several seminars also. He has worked in three

countries and travelled widely as a Consultant for deteriorated Concrete Structure. His research

interest include development of concrete composites, high performance concrete, utilization of

industrial waste, durability of concrete structure, assessment of distress and repair and

rehabilitation of Concrete Structures. He has taken initiative for Building inclusive and resilient

societies as under:-

1. Mitigation, Preparedness, by helping people in constructing Disaster resistant (Earthquake

resistant, Cyclone resistant, Flood resistant) houses by Effective and innovative use of technology

–-As a result of which 7100 Disaster resistant houses built so far in different parts of

Country

2. Post disaster Rehabilitation by constructing Disaster resistant (Earthquake resistant, Cyclone

resistant, Flood resistant) house in affected area-- As a result of which 1700 no in different

parts of Bihar

3. Technical Research, Innovation and Development of Disaster Resistant Technology and

Material –-As a result of which Golden feather of 170 publications and 26 National and

International Award in the Cap of his Achievement

4. Capacity building of communities for response and risk reduction--As a result of which 5300

Masons, 1500 Engineers and 6200 people have been trained so far

5. Creating awareness among the masses for preparedness and risk reduction through Meeting,

Seminars, Conferences, Print Media, Electronic Media, Social media--Excellent Media Coverage

FATHER’S NAME : Sri Mithila Prasad Chaudhary

CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS : Dr.Sunil Kumar Chaudhary,

Flat No-B/404, Quality Campus

Lohiya Path, Jagdeo Path

Patna-800014

Cell: 08210057245, 08969761969

E-mail:[email protected]

DATE OF BIRTH : 08-02-1968

NATIONALITY : Indian

CATEGORY : General

DISCIPLINE OF ENGG. : Civil

SPECIALIZATION : Structural Engineering

LANGUAGES KNOWN : English, Hindi, Sanskrit, Maithili

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS : PhD, M. Tech (Structural Engineering), EXPM

Sl Examinatio

n/Degree/Di

ploma

Name of the

Board/University/Institution

Year of

Passing

Subjects/Specia

lization

% of Marks/ grade

1. 10th B.S.E. Board, Patna 1984 Science,Math,

Eng,Hindi

77.11

2. 12th B.I.E. Council, Patna 1986 Phy,

Chem,Math,

62.0

3. B.Sc.Engg B.B.A.Bihar

University,Muzaffarpur (Bihar).

1993 Civil Engg 76.5

4. M.Tech NIT Durgapur 1998 Structural

Engg

65.4

5. Ph.D B.B.A.Bihar

University,Muzaffarpur (Bihar).

2015 Civil Engg Awarded

WORK EXEPERIENCE-(i)

Bihar State

Disaster

Management

Authority,Patna

Advisor

(Technical)

25th

June

2018

Till

now

1. Coordinate the enforcement and implementation of the

policy and plan for disaster management, Lay down

guidelines to be followed by the District Authorities in

drawing up the District Plan and to be followed by the

different State Departments for the Purpose of integrating

the measures.

2. Planning and monitoring of Capacity building of

Engineers and Masons

Road

Construction

Deptt, Patna

Executive

Engineer

18th

Jan‟

2018

24th

June

2018

1. Planning and monitoring of Road, Bridge and Building

Construction funded by ADB, Central Govt, State Govt,

NABARD,PPP Mode etc including tender finalisation.

2. Providing procurement support during project

preparation; and project implementation.

Road

Construction

Deptt, Patna

Assistant

Engineer

Sept

2004

17th

Jan

2018

1.Planning and monitoring of Road, Building and Bridge

Construction funded by ADB, Central govt, state

govt,NABARD,PPP Mode etc including tender finalisation

2.Providing procurement support during project

preparation; and project implementation

East Coast

Railway

Visakhapatnam

Head

Estimator

Nov.

1998

Aug‟

2004

Planning and monitoring of civil engg work which involves

Design , Estimate, Construction, supervision and contract

management of Civil Engineering structures such as

Railway track, Railway Bridge, Road, Water tank,

Building,, repair and rehabilitation of distressed concrete

structure, quality control, non-destructive testing of

concrete structure, testing of civil engg. Materials, ballast,

design mix, prescribing and supervision of innovative, cost

effective and eco-friendly building material in several

projects and tender finalization etc.

Ashiana land

development

and project

private

Ltd.,Patna

(Bihar)

Constructio

n Engineer

Sept.

1993

Sept

1996

Design, Estimate, Supervision of multi storied building,

repair and rehabilitation of civil engg. Structures such as

Roads,Bridges and Building

Arctic

Company,

Dubai

Structural

Consultant

Oct.

1996

Feb

1997

Strengthening and improving the load carrying capacity of

Building and Bridges

(ii)Teaching Experience : 1.Guest Faculty (Civil Engg) since last 10 years in MIT

Muzaffarpur, WALMI, Patna, IUTP New Delhi

(iii) Researcher, Advisor on climate Change, natural Resource and Water Management

Since 16 years

(iv) 5 years as Trainer of Civil Engineers, Managers, Transport officials, Police Officers,

financial advisor& financial trainer

WRITING & EDITING EXPERIENCE

1. Writing of technical and scientific articles in different science magazine and conference proceedings since

last 15 years.

2. Editing of magazine and conference proceeding since last 10 years. (9

Knowledge and Technical Competence:

Academic Background: 1. Stood first at M.Tech level

2. Distinction at B.Sc Engg level

ACHIEVEMENTS: 1. Development of high early strength, Self Curing Self

Compacting Concrete.

2. Development of High volume fly ash Concrete.

3. Development of High volume fly ash PSC Sleeper.

4. Development of Banana Fibre –reinforced fly ash Cement

Mortar Composite (BFRFCMC)

5. Development of Rice Husk Concrete

6. Rehabilitation of distressed concrete structure using advanced

Composite Material

RESOURCE PERSON FOR : 1. Institute of Environment and development, Patna

2. Sankalp-A NGO involved in Environmental, cultural, Social

and Literary activity

3. Sarvopakar Sangathan, Visakhapatnam

4. Institute of Urban Transport, New Delhi

5. SEBI, Mumbai

6. WALMI, Patna

AWARDS AND RECOGNITION:

Nominated as Member of G3 Committee: Reduction of Carbon footprint in Highway

Construction

NACE International Award-2014

Maulana Azad Puraskar-2014

VISWAKARMA Award-014

Indian Building Congress Best Paper Award-2014

HUDCO DESIGN Award from Govt of India-2013

Rajiv Gandhi Rastriya Ekta Samman-2012

MASCOT National Award-2010 from ECSI, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

NACE International Award-2008

Railway Minister Award-2008

Bronze Medal from Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad for Innovative Idea.

Engineer of the year Award from Government of Andhra Pradesh and The Institution

of Engineers (India), A.P. State center Hyderabad for innovative and Outstanding

contribution in the field of Civil Engineering.

Best concrete Engineer Award from The Institution of Engineers (India), A.P. State

center Hyderabad for Innovative technology

Best Paper Award from The Institution of Engineers (India), A.P. State center

Hyderabad.

Gold Medal from Indian Concrete Institute, Visakhapatnam for significant Contribution in

the field of Civil Engineering.

Bharat Jyoti Award -2009 from India International Freindship Society,New Delhi

Best Citizen of India Award-2009 from Best Citizen Publishing House,New Delhi

Indira Gandhi Priyadarshini Award -2009 from All India National Unity Conference,

New Delhi

Bharat Samman Award-2010

RASTRIYA GAURAV AWARD-2010

Felicitation by Prof. P. Dayaratnam (Formerly Professor in IIT Kanpur) for significant

contribution in the field of Civil Engineering.

Award on Debate, Essay, Song by N.S.S.

National Scholarship from 7th

Class to B.Sc. Engg. (Civil)

GATE Scholarship

ANY OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION:

I. Status of Membership:

Associate member of Institution of Engineers (INDIA)

Member OF Indian Concrete Institute

Member of Indian Nuclear Society

Member of Swadeshi Science Movement of India

Fellow Member of the society for Advancement of Electrochemical Science and

Technology (SAEST), Karaikudi.

Member of Indian Institution of Bridge Engineers.

Fellow Member of International Centre for Fibre Re-inforced Concrete Composite

Member of various social organizations.

Member of Organising committee of 4th

International Conference on “Concrete

for new age structure” and ICI Silver Jubilee Celebrations to be held on 11-14

December, 2008.

Member of Sovenir committee of 70th

Indian Road Congress to be held at Patna

on 14-17 Nov, 2009.

II. Computer Awareness:

Knowledge of Computer Aided Design of Road, Bridges and Building

Knowledge of STAAD-Pro, CSI Bridge, MX Road, Auto Road, RM Bridge, Leap

Bridge, PROKON, Prota structure, RISA Suite, AFES, SAP, RCDC, Pro Structure,

Strap, Auto Cad, Autodesk RCC Detailing,„C‟, MS-Word, MS-Excel etc.

III.PAPER PUBLISHED, PRESENTED & :170 (One Hundred Seventy) Papers

ACCEPTEDIN PROCEEDINGS OF

INTERNATIONAL/NATIONAL

CONFERENCES AND JOURNALS

III. Books under Publication : 05(Five)

IV. Work Recognized by various

Organization : Attached as Annexure-A

List of Publication : Attached as Annexure-B

Consultancy works undertaken : (Attached as Annexure-C)

Sponsored Projects undertaken : (Attached as Annexure-D)

Sports and extra-curricular activities

: (Attached as Annexure-E)

Post Disaster Rehabilitation/Reconstruction

of low cost and Disaster Resistant house

in Darbhanga & Madhubani (Bihar) : (Attached as Annexure-F)

Green Construction of Disaster Resistant

(Earthquake Resistant, Cyclone Resistant

and Flood Resistant), Cost Effective and

Eco friendly Rural Houses : (Attached as Annexure-G)

Capacity Building of Masons, Engineers

& Local people for Disaster Preparedness,

Civic Awareness and Mitigation &

What Media Says : (Attached as Annexure-H)

HOBBY : Yoga, Writing poem (Hindi)

Date: 10-02-2019

Place: Patna (DR SUNIL KUMAR CHAUDHARY)

ANNEXURE-A

His Innovative work recognized by various platforms is below -

Sl.

No

Name of Innovation /

Concept

Organization which

recognized the work

Remarks

1. Disaster Resistant

(Earthquake resistant,

Cyclone resistant &

flood resistant), Cost

effective eco-friendly

and housing

HUDCO, Govt of India Disaster Resistant, Cost effective and

Eco friendly housing solution to

disadvantaged Section of society in

earthquake prone ,Cyclone prone and

flood affected, area of Bihar which is

an appropriate technology for Disaster

mitigation and preparedness.

2. Banana Fibre –

reinforced fly ash

cement mortar

composite(BFRFCMC)

Deptt. Of Science

&Technology, Govt of

Andhra Pradesh

Cyclone Resistant, Corrosion resistant,

Cost effective and eco- friendly

Roofing.

3. Green Rehabilitation of

Civil Engineering

Bridges / Building

Structure.

Indian Railway Disaster Resistant(Earthquake

resistant ,Cyclone Resistant and Flood

Resistant) and Cost effective

technology

4. Fly ash for stabilization

of swelling soil

Fly ash mission, TIFAC,

New Delhi

Having potential to produce Stable

foundation in flood prone area and

reduce the cost of foundation

5. High Volume Fly Ash

Concrete

Research, Development

and Standard

Organization, Lucknow

This concrete is high strength durable,

corrosion resistant in Disaster prone

area,, cost effective and promises to

reduce the CO2 load on atmosphere.

6. Utilization of waste

product in Civil Engg.

Structures.

Institution of Engineers

(India)

Disaster Resistant ,Corrosion resistant,

Cost effective and eco- friendly.

8. Ultrasonic pulse

velocity test for

Integrity of concrete

Structure

Indian Railway Quick, Accurate and Reliable

9. Geo Polymer Concrete Indian Building Congress This concrete is high strength durable,

Disaster resistant ,corrosion resistant

in hostile environment, cost effective

and promises to reduce the CO2 load

on atmosphere

10. Self-curing & Self

Compacting concrete

a) Indian Institute of

Management, Ahmedabad.

b)Central Electro-

chemical Research

Institute, Karaikudi,

Tamilnadu

c) International Centre

for Fibre Reinforced

concrete composites,

Chennai.

d) Indian Concrete

Institute, Visakhapatnam.

This concrete promises to increase the

life of the structure twice besides, high

early strength, self-curing and eco-

friendly.

11. Green Rehabilitation of

Disaster Affected

Building

Indian Building Congress Cost effective and Eco friendly

ANNEXURE-B

PAPERS PUBLISHED---170(One hundred Seventy)

List of Important Publications

Research Papers presented PUBLISHED IN CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS:

SN Author Year Title Name and place of conference

1. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary 28 Feb-01

March'19 Turnaround of Disaster Management in

Bihar: A critical appraisal 4th World Congress on Disaster

Congress,IIT Mumbai 2. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary 28 Feb-01

March

2019

Capacity Building for Earthquake, Cyclone

& Flood Resistant Construction: A

Revolutionary Mitigation Approach

4th World Congress on Disaster

Congress,IIT Mumbai

3. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary 28Feb-01

March

2019

Climate Change, Disasters and Security Issues, Concerns and Implications For India


Congress,IIT Mumbai

4. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary 28Feb-01

March

2019

An Effective and Way Forward Approach for Road Safety Acquisition of Knowledge – Correlative Study for Patna


Congress,IIT Mumbai

5. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary 28Feb-01

March'19 Role of Civil Engineers in Disaster

Mitigation 4th World Congress on Disaster

Congress,IIT Mumbai

6. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary

25-26

February

2017

Impact of Farakka Barrage on the Human Fabric: Lesson for the Future

International conference on “Incessant

Ganga”to be held on 25-26 February

2017

7. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary

25-26

February

2017

Erosion on U/S & D/S of Farakka Barrage -

A Holistic Approach



2017

8. Dr.S.K.

Chaudhary

25-26

February

2017

Impact of Proposed Six lane Greenfield

Ganga Bridge on the River Ganga and

Environment



2017

9. S.K.

Chaudhary

7-8 Mar

2003

1. Repair and Protection of Concrete

Structure: A systematic Approach.

2. Rehabilitation of Distressed Concrete

Structures.

All India Seminar on Rehabilitation of

Structures, Bhubaneswar.

10. S.K.

Chaudhary

7-8 Mar

2003

Rehabilitation of Disaster affected

Prestressed concrete Sleeper-A Case

Study


Structures,

11. S.K.

Chaudhary

7-8

March’

2003

Rehabilitation of Flood Affected Langulia

Bridge


Structures, Bhubaneswar.

12. S.K.

Chaudhary

21st Mar

2003

Repair and Protection of Concrete Sleeper

exposed to Coastal environment:A

systematic approach.

Technical Seminar on Manual

Maintenance of concrete sleepered

Railway Track, Visakhapatnam.

13. S.K.

Chaudhary

8-10

Jan-04

Durability of Concrete Structure exposed to

aggressive environment –A Holistic

Approach.

ICFRC Conference (International) held

at Chennai.

14. S.K.

Chaudhary

03-07

Jan’2006

Self-curing & Self Compacting concrete: An

Innovative and silent revolution in the field

of Concrete Technology

93rd Indian Science Congress held at

Hyderabad

15. S.K.

Chaudhary

2010 1.Effect of Disaster on Climate Change

2.Effect of Disaster on Water Resources

International Conference on Global

Climate 2010,Shanti Niketan,West

Bengal

16. S.K.

Chaudhary

2010 Turnaround of Road Sector of Bihar:A

critical Appraisal

Fifth Annual International Conference on Public Policy and Management ,IIM Bangalore,2010

17. S.K.

Chaudhary

2010 1.Corrosion inhibitor and climate change 2.Investigation and rehabilitation of Disaster affected concrete structure-A holistic approach

CORCON-2010,Goa

18. S.K.

Chaudhary

2010 Turnaround of Road Sector of Bihar:A

Critical Appraisal

Fifth Annual International Conference

on Public Policy and Management ,IIM

Bangalore,2010

19. S.K.

Chaudhary

2011 Impact of Highway Widening on Carbon Footprint

International Seminar on Reducing

Carbon Footprint, New Delhi

20. S.K.

Chaudhary

2013 Geosynthetics Reinforced Walls -A Disaster Resistant Approach

National Conference on Innovation in Indian Science Engineering & Technology, New Delhi

21. S.K.

Chaudhary

2013 A Comprehensive Approach to Information Technology in Managing Disaster

Eight Annual International Conference on Public Policy and Management ,IIM Bangalore,2013

Papers published in Journal:

SN Author (s) Year Title Complete reference of journal

1. S.K. Chaudhary

and

A.K.Chaturvedi

Sept.

2002

Rehabilitation of Earthquake affected

concrete structures

Civil Engineering and construction

review,pp18-21

2. S.K. Chaudhary Dec

2003

Rehabilitation of Flood Railway

Bridges :Three case studies

Civil Engineering & Construction

Review,New Delhi pp23-26

3. S.K.

Chaudhary

Feb-

March’

2004

Repair and Strengthening of Disaster

affected Concrete Structure: A Holistic

Approach

Master Builder, Feb-March, 2004, Vol 6,

No1, pp 75-80

4. S.K.

Chaudhary

Oct

2003

An Innovative Solution for deterioration

of Railway Track

Journal of Metallurgy & Material Science

Jamshedpur, Jan-March’2003, Vol 45,

No.1,pp 45-53

5. S.K. Chaudhary Dec

2005

Performance of Rice Husk Concrete

Exposed to Industrial Environment

New Building Material &Construction

World(NBM &CW),pp 76-81

6. S.K.

Chaudhary

April

2008

Rail failure: Causes, Investigation & its

control

Journal of Metallurgy and Material

Science, Jamshedpur

7. S.K. Chaudhary June

2009

Rehabilitation of Disaster affected

Railway Bridge

Civil Engineering & Construction

Review,pp 6-9

8. S.K. Chaudhary Feb

2011

Rehabilitation of Flood affected School

Building

Journal of Indian Building Congress,pp 8-

15

9. S.K. Chaudhary Sep

2012

Disaster Resistance Behaviour of fly

ash Concrete

Science India,pp 6-10


2012

Use of Geotextile in Disaster Resistant

Road Construction

Master Builder,pp10-20

11. S.K. Chaudhary Nov

2012

High Volume Fly Ah Concrete: An

Innovative, Corrosion Resistant Cost

effective and Eco Friendly Solution for

PCC Roads

Indian Highway,pp7-14


2013

A Systematic Approach to Information

Technology in mitigation of Disaster

Journal of Indian Building Congress,pp8-

15

http://www.iimb.ernet.in/centre-public-policy/conferences/sixth-cpp-international-conference-2011






ANNEXURE-C

Consultancy works undertaken

Sl

No

Period Organization Nature of Work Disaster

1. 1998 Indian Railway Ultrasonic pulse velocity test for Disaster affected concrete structure

2. 2000 Indian Railway Condition Assessment of Flood affected Railway Bridges on KK Line of

E.CO.Rly, Waltair-5Nos.

3. 2001 Indian Railway Condition Assessment and Rehabilitation of Disaster affected PSC

Sleeper of E.CO.Rly,Waltair

4. 2002 Indian Railway Condition Assessment and Rehabilitation of Disaster affected Water

Tank in Visakhapatnam-6 Nos

5. 2004 Min of Home,

Govt of India

Design of Disaster Resistant Rajbhasha Swarna Jayanti Bhavan at

Visakhapatnam

6. 2005 Indian Railway Rehabilitation of corroded Railway Bridges of E.CO.Rly,Waltair -7 Nos

7. 2007 Indian Railway Rehabilitation of Flood affected Road Bridges on NH-57 of Bihar-8 Nos

8. 2008 Indian Railway Rehabilitation of Disaster affected School Building at Jamui,Bihar-1 No

9. 2008 Indian Railway Rehabilitation of corrosion affected Temple in Srikakulam-2 Nos

10. 2009 BCD,

Bihar

Design of Disaster Resistant, Cost Effective, eco friendly and Disaster

Resistant Rural Houses in Bihar- 62 Nos

11. 2010 RCD,

Bihar

Design of Disaster Resistant PQC Road-26 Nos

12. 2010 Indian Railway Design of Advanced Composite Material for Rehabilitation of Pier of

Railway Bridges of E.CO Rly- 10 Nos

13. 2011 BCD,

Bihar

Design for Conservation of Historic School Building in Jamui,Bihar

14. 2012 RCD,

Bihar

Design of Disaster Resistant and Eco friendly Chief Engineer cum

Superintending Engineer Office Complex at Darbhanga,Bihar

15. 2014 R&B,AP Rehabilitation of Disaster affected Temple in Srikakulam-2 Nos

ANNEXURE-D

Sponsored Projects undertaken Sponsoring

Agency

Title of the Project Area Period Amount of

grant

Indian

Railway

Ultrasonic pulse velocity test for Disaster

affected concrete structure

Structure 07/06/1998 to

06/09/1999

Rs.

200000/-

MIT,

Muzaffarpur

Utilization of fly ash for stabilization of

Swelling Soil‟

Soil 05/02/1999 to

04/02/2000

Rs.

250000/-

Indian

Railway

Performance of Concrete Exposed to

corrosive environment

Concrete 07/08/2000

to 06/08/2001

Rs.

300000/-

RCD,Bihar Investigation of Disaster affected concrete

structure: A systematic approach

Corrosion 07/07/2000 to

06/07/2001

Rs.

250000/-

BCD,Bihar Disaster Resistance Behaviour of Affordable

housing Material

Corrosion 04/04/2000 to

03/04/2001

Rs.

450000/-

NIT

Durgapur

Performance of sulphur concrete exposed to

corrosive environment

Concrete 05/02/2002 to

07/09/2003

Rs.

500000/-

MIT,

Muzaffarpur

Effect of Oil Contamination on Geo Technical

Behaviour of Soil

Soil 04/04/2003 to

01/04/2004

Rs.

450000/-

NIT

Durgapur

Performance of Rice Husk Concrete Exposed

to Industrial Environment


07/02/2005

Rs.

800000

NIT

Durgapur

Performance of High Volume Fly Ash

Concrete Exposed to Industrial Environment


07/02/2007

Rs.

440000

NTPC,Kanti Utilisation of Fly-ash & Stone Dust for Stone

Dust for Soil Stabilization

Soil 05/04/2007 to

04/04/2008

Rs.

350000/-

RCD,Bihar Impact of Highway Widening on Climate

Change

Transport 05/04/2009 to

04/04/2011

Rs.

530000/-

RCD,Bihar Turnaround of Road Sector of Bihar:A

Critical Appraisal

Transport 08/06/2012 to

04/06/2013

Rs.

260000/-

MIT,

Muzaffarpur

Development of Geo-Polymer Concrete


04/02/2013

Rs.

350000/-

ANNEXURE-E

Sports and extra-curricular activities

Sr No.

Activity from to Remarks

1. Organizing

Symposia/Seminar

(International and National)

10/08/2006

Till

now

Member of Organising Committee, Editing

the papers

2. Organizing Disaster Risk

Reduction awareness

programme, environment

awareness programme

10/08/2006

Till

now

Secretary, member of Organising

Committee,

3. Organizing Disaster

preparedness activity at grass

root level

10/08/2006

Till

now

member of Organizing Committee,

technical society

4. Writing Poems (Hindi) and

Songs on Disaster Risk

Reduction

10/08/2006

Till

now

Writer

5. Blood Donation Camp 10/08/2006

Till

now

Member of Social Organization involved in

various Project 6. Earthquake Relief Camp 10/08/2006

Till

now

Member of Social Organization involved in

various Project 7. Social, cultural, literary and

environmental activity

10/02/2007 Till

now

Joint Secretary of „SANKALP‟-a

Social,cultural,literary and environmental

Organisation 8. Writing Paper/ Articles 10/08/2006

Till

now

Author-Recognition- Best Paper Award

from Institution of Engineers (I)/170

Papers published in renowned journals

and proceeding of International/National

conferences

ANNEXURE-F

Post disaster rehabilitation/reconstruction of low cost and

Disaster Resistant House in Madhubani(Bihar)

PURPOSE:

The main purpose was

Post Disaster Rehabilitation of flood victim homeless people by constructing disaster

resistant (Earthquake Resistant, Cyclone Resistant and Flood Resistant),Cost

Effective, Eco-friendly, climate sensitive and House;

To reduce the vulnerability of rural communities of Bihar, which is affected by floods

nearly every year

To promote „environmentally conscious‟ and „people-centred‟rehabilitation processes,

where technological innovations can make them safer and more durable in time of

disasters

Generate employment based on environmentally-friendly bamboo technology and local

techniques

Spread awareness about the Causes, Mitigation and Preparedness for Natural Disaster like

Flood, Earthquake and Cyclone, benefits of Disaster Resistant House and advantages of

environmental conservation towards disaster resilience.

BACKGROUND

The regions of Bihar in the Kamla Valley are constantly affected by floods, as the river naturally

changes its course nearly every year. The floods that occurred in August 2017 are exceptional for

the scale of the event and damages to the crops, cattle and houses.

The River Kamla diverted from its natural course in proximity of the Nepal border, at about 12

km up the existing barrage, and as it breached its embankments, the river started flowing on a

completely different course, washing away human settlements and cultivations on a breadth of 15

km and a total length of 150 km towards South. Over 2 million people were affected in five

districts; more than 340.700 houses were damaged along with significant losses of crops and cattle

due to the protracted inundations. Long-term homelessness seriously affects health; the average

lifespan of a chronically homeless person is 25 years less than that of the average Indians. The

area is known as having the high rate of tuberculosis, as well as the higher proportion of people

living with HIV in Bihar.

Fig 1: General View of Kamla Flood

Situation in the area before the initiative

Fig 2: Situation before the initiative

Fig 3 : Situation before the initiative

Generally, there is no sanitation facility in the rural villages; open defecation is a widespread habit

and a big health issue. Water is plentiful available as aquifers are extremely shallow; manual

pumps are generally well accessible (mostly one for each cluster of houses or even

household).Quality and safety of water are instead becoming big concerns in the area: recent

water testing revealed high concentrations of salts and arsenic, but rural communities have no

alternative source or supply system and largely employ ground water for domestic and drinking

use in complete unawareness of the health implications

Major issues:

Post Disaster Rehabilitation of a large number of low income group

High costs of construction on account of Conventional Building materials such as clay

bricks, OPC and Asbestos sheet causing harmful effect on environment and health of

human beings.

The most effected group were

Disadvantaged section of society, Minorities, and Widows

ESTABLISHMENT OF PRIORITIES:

In the present case followings were important priority:

Damage assessment

Assessment of Innovative local resources

Community Meetings

Bamboo Model Houses and Exposure Visits

Setting up the Demonstration Hub and Artisans Training

Participatory Design

Disaster Resistant House Design

Mobilisation of financial resource from Public and Private source

Construction of house in prescribed time

Disseminate knowledge Disaster, its negative impact, Disaster resistant Construction

,negative impact of greenhouse gas emission due to construction activity on environment

to grass root level of society

These priorities were established by extensive field visit, deep study of socio-economic condition

of different community of the area, a number of meetings with different section of society and

participatory approach in decision making process.

MOBILISATION OF RESOURCES:

The main source of finance was Disaster management department, Building construction

Department, Govt of Bihar and Donation from public and Private Source. There is currently no

cost to the participating communities..

PROCESS: The process consisted of the following steps:

1. Damage assessment

A total of 44 households out of 110 in Khirhar and 80 out of 102 in Siriyapur village resulted

seriously affected by the flooding and were chosen as the beneficiaries of the two pilot projects.

The villagers are all marginal farmers which make their living on cattle breeding (few cows,

buffaloes and goats) and rice cultivation on small plots of land.

2. Assessment of Innovative local resources

Disaster assessments were conducted to identify the major local resources available in the area. It

encountered an exceptional abundance of bamboo with compatible features for building purposes,

along with well-established skills and capacities of local masons and artisans with bamboo

techniques. Bamboo is extremely cheaper than any other building material in the area, due to its

large availability, rapid growth and regeneration (it grows naturally everywhere and after being

cut it grows again in two year‟s time). This makes bamboo buildings a diffused house typology

among the rural communities and highly familiar practice to local masons and artisans. The main

building materials which were identified as eco-friendly and cost effective for post disaster

rehabilitation/reconstruction of house are summarised below:

1. Walling: Fal-G Bricks with Fal-G mortar; bamboo structure and bamboo mats (generally the

cheaper option consists of a double mesh of bamboo filled with thatch; other options are split

bamboo canes and more elaborated woven patterns).

2. Roofing: Banana fibre reinforced fly ash cement mortar composite.

3. Elevated Plinth: mud/rammed earth.

4. Wall finishing: no finishing; mud/cement plaster and painting.

5. Flooring: Mud floor or concrete floor

3. Setting up the Demonstration Hub and Artisans Training

A Community Hub was created , which is a complex of resource facilities made to provide

technical support to beneficiaries and local masons in form of knowledge sharing, quality control

of construction, skill trainings and workshops on bamboo techniques, crafts, treatment processes

etc. The Community Hub has been set up in a particularly favourable location for its proximity to

a local rural market and good visibility from the main road. In fact, a central location is ideal for

the purpose of attracting as many visitors as possible among the surrounding populations and

provides a safe place where to find refuge in case of emergency.

Fig 4: Artisans’ training session at the Community Hub of Madhubani,

4. Participatory Design Community meetings were set up to outline the design features of their houses through sketches

and building exercises. This way, design concepts were tailored on community‟s housing needs

and resulted into a commonly agreed house shape. Unified design features were essential to better

monitor the progress of reconstruction and facilitate replicability.

5. House Design

All the 44 houses have the same shape, and plan. The rectangular plan is divided in two rooms of

equal surface, the first used as bedroom and the second used as storage for grain, rice, seeds and

food in general. The house has an attached veranda on the longer front. This is a traditionally

multi-purpose work space used by occupants.

The structure is made of bamboo columns and beams, generally tied together with recycled ropes

from zippers (an industrial by-product found in plenty in the area). The bamboo structure is

supporting the roof cladding made of Banana Fibre –reinforced fly ash cement mortar composite

sheets. This material is known to have an extremely poor thermal insulation capacity; therefore it

is coupled with an internal layer of straw for better insulation.

The walling system consists of a frame of bamboo (a mesh of horizontal and vertical elements)

filled with thatch, split bamboo canes or woven strips. This layer is then covered with 3 inches of

mud plaster finished with a layer of cement plaster on the outer face as it is more durable and

resistant to the monsoon rains and simple mud plaster on the inner side. Mud plaster is the

cheapest and most available solution. The perforated pattern on the upper belt was made to

facilitate the air flow and penetration of sunlight in the loft. The bamboo loft also works as an

insulating false ceiling for the interiors below.

Salient features of the project:

1. These Single story houses have foundation of FaL-G Block

2. These houses are made of a bamboo structural frame and roofing, bamboo mat walls

3. Houses were plastered with Mud mortar

4. Plinth Area single House : 41.28 sqm

5. Cost of the Building: Rs 35000/-

6. CFL Bulb and renewable energy sources like Solar PV and Solar Lights were used

Novelty of this Project:

Made with Simple, Low cost locally available materials, tools and skills material

Resistant to natural hazards

Environmentally Sustainable and Energy Efficient

Socially, aesthetically and culturally appropriate to the context

Flexible for future upgrading and extensions

Easy to maintain

Easy to disconnect, reuse and recycle in its parts

Fig 5: Bamboo Plantation

Fig 6: Bamboo Treatment

Fig 7: Bamboo Mat wall

Fig 8: Bamboo Mat wall and Application Daub Plaster

Fig 9: Construction of Low cost disaster resistant House in Progress

Fig 10: Two Bed Room Low cost disaster resistant House

RESULT ACHIEVED:

This Campaign has shown a successful way of implementing Post disaster

rehabilitation/reconstruction of low cost and Disaster Resistant House using a cost-

effective eco-friendly and community-based approach

The experience has already had an important impact, both for the residents who have been

actively involved throughout the process and for other grassroots groups around the state

and other part of country

The campaign led by me is a silent revolution in the field of Post disaster Rehabilitation

through Disaster resistant technology, Economic empowerment and Social Empowerment

of Women, Dalits, Widows, Minorities, marginalised and vulnerable women, Women

with disabilities and internally displaced women due to social strife.

More than 3500 affected homeless People (Dalits, Widows, Minorities, marginalised and

vulnerable women, Women with disabilities and internally displaced women due to social

strife) have been permanently housed, with provision of safe drinking water

(Chapakal)

Women are active in leadership roles and 80 per cent of the property titles are in the

names of women

Over 1700 no Disaster Resistant houses in different parts of Bihar and 7100 no Disaster

resistant houses built so far in different parts of Country

Employment generation for low income persons, Widow and disadvantaged section of

society

The project has succeeded in mobilising a diverse group of people who previously felt a

sense of hopelessness.

Unprecedented levels of collaboration between and across agencies and not-for-profit

organisations active in the community

Over 5300 Masons, 1500 Engineers and 6200 people have been trained so far.

Peoples have been trained in building construction and self-management of resources and

have been able to access employment opportunities and set up their own small businesses.

Two social enterprises, including a community bakery and jewellery-making business

using recycled materials already running are established to date

People of disadvantaged section of society have started manufacturing FaL-G Bricks and

Blocks, Banana fibre reinforced high volume fly ash cement mortar composite for

roofing purpose and have started earning nicely.

Carbon savings of 200 tons of CO2-equivalent achieved compared to alternative

construction Methods

6000 Women ( masons, apprentices, labourers...) have benefited directly from this

practice

Heightened awareness about the need to focus on Earthquake Resistant, Cyclone

Resistant and Flood Resistant ,cost effective and eco-friendly material and construction

technology

There have been many policy changes that have taken place at different level

SUSTAINABILITY:

Financial‐ The Campaign is funded from public and private sources. A series of cost-efficient

solutions already have been demonstrated that could be suggested as alternatives to

government.

The Campaign believes that the best way of ending homelessness permanently is to

provide an integrated but tailored package of housing + health + employment support.

Income generation is key element of the project, with two social enterprises established to

date, including a community bakery, a jewellery-making enterprise using recycled

materials.

Where relevant, homeless people receive employment support, which has increased

income and employment. Having a permanent address is important in being able to access

employment.

Housing is made much more accessible to chronically homeless persons.

The involvement of communities and a wide range of partners has enabled the

development of innovative solutions and the pooling of resources that have made the

provision of housing to homeless persons more cost-effective

Social and Economic:

One of the aims of the Campaign is to reduce the extreme social and economic inequalities

prevalent in Indian society and to ensure access to land, housing and employment for low-

income groups.

All houses are of the same quality and design, regardless it is owned by different section of

society.

All decision-making is carried out in Assemblies and residents work together at all stages

of the process. The experience has brought together residents from different backgrounds

and helped to create strong social networks.

The project approach and mutual help construction process promote the values of

solidarity and cooperation, prioritising collective action and social integration. Social

inclusion is a key priority of project and residents include traditionally excluded groups,

promoting the participation of all with the same rights and responsibilities, regardless of

any social, ethnic or cultural differences.

Women are active in leadership roles and 80 per cent of the property titles are in the

names of women.

The Campaign provides capacity building and support to enrolled homeless peoples and

has developed various tools to help communities tackle homelessness.

Cultural –

Vernacular: incorporating traditional practices and aesthetics of earth architecture

This practice on Elevated on a structural platform offering spectacular views and access to

nature, the building‟s placement also offers protection against future flood concerns

received respect from all section of society

Protects landscape and traditional customs by reducing the use of metal roofing sheets and

restoring the traditional uses of earth plaster


Environmental –.

Locally available Environment friendly building materials are used for house such as

Bamboo, bricks and cement for walls, Banana fibre reinforced cement mortar composite

for roofs. Local wood is used for windows, doors.

Training and approach applies a number of appropriate building technologies increasing

the positive environmental impact of the project.

Bricks are produced in an environmentally friendly process

The house construction process requires the use of fewer building materials.

The sites and buildings have a reduced environmental footprint, including the materials

and technologies used but also the active engagement of the residents in the process.

Sharing of experience through the Panchayat Assembly enables other villages in the region

to learn from the good environmental practice

The Campaign is respectful of environmental principles. For example, communities are

trained on how to use existing resources efficiently,

All tenants sign a pledge to commit to greening their lifestyles and reducing their

environmental footprint

TRANSFERABILTY: This practice of Rehabilitation is a scaling-up process in itself, taking a proven approach in

Madhubani and Darbhanga to the Bihar as a whole and beyond. This practice itself

attempts to accept as many invitations as possible to visit external organizations in the

India to discuss and advocate the practice‟s methodology.

This practice now works on a regular basis with 17 local coalitions across India.

Many visitors have come to see the project, including grassroots groups, community

leaders, international visitors and university students

I have carried out a number of workshops and exchanges with other communities to

transfer knowledge and tools, and a blog is under preparation to share the experience more

widely.

The project was extended to include a second phase, with the additional 17 units that are

currently under construction

The approach has been discussed with political and community leaders in Bihar,

Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh. In the first two, this has now led to similar campaigns;

support has been provided to five cities or regions. In Saharsa, the methodology was

applied to flood victims and rehouse them very rapidly. Take up in Sitamarhi and

Muzaffarpur is imminent.

ANNEXURE-G

GREEN CONSTRUCTION OF DISASTER RESISTANT

(EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT,FLOOD RESISTANT & CYCLONE

RESISTANT ),COST EFFECTIVE AND ECO FRIENDLY RURAL

HOUSES

Client Requirements

In the present case the client was Bihar State Disaster management Authority, Govt of Bihar. The

Client requirement was to construct two types of disaster resistant building –One type having

plinth area-41.28 sqm and the other type having plinth area-20.64 sqm with minimum cost with

beautiful appearance. Since it was Earthquake prone, flood prone and Cyclone prone belt of State,

expectation was to use such innovative materials which were cost effective and disaster resistant

in Earthquake prone, flood prone and Cyclone prone environment. Material and technology used

should be cost effective and eco-friendly in nature. Time for construction was given only 06

month.

Keeping in view the above requirements the Building was designed and constructed adopting

efficient design and using innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly material within 06 month.

Hence satisfies client requirements.

Brief Description of Project

All the 52 houses constructed in Singhwara village of Bihar. One type of Twenty six number of

houses have plinth area-41.28 sqm and the other type of Twenty six number of houses have plinth

area-20.64 sqm . The rectangular plan is divided in two rooms of unequal surface. The house has

an attached veranda on the longer front. This is a traditionally multi-purpose work space used by

occupants.

Structure type-I

The structure is made of bamboo columns and beams, generally tied together with recycled ropes

from zippers (an industrial by-product found in plenty in the area). The bamboo structure is




The walling system consists of a frame of bamboo (a mesh of horizontal and vertical elements)

filled with thatch, split bamboo canes or woven strips. This layer is then covered with 3 inches of

mud plaster finished with a layer of cement plaster on the outer face as it is more durable and

resistant to the monsoon rains and simple mud plaster on the inner side. Mud plaster is the

cheapest and most available solution. The perforated pattern on the upper belt was made to

facilitate the air flow and penetration of sunlight in the loft. The bamboo loft also works as an

insulating false ceiling for the interiors below.

Salient features:

1. These Single story houses have foundation of FaL-G Block

2. These houses are made of a bamboo structural frame and roofing, bamboo mat walls

3. Houses were plastered with Mud mortar inside and with FaL-G mortar outside.

4. High volume fly ash Concrete was used for PCC in foundation

4. Plinth Area single House: 41.28 sqm

5. Cost of the Building: Rs 35000/-

6. CFL Bulb and renewable energy sources like Solar PV and Solar Lights were used

. Table 1-Comparison of cost for construction materials for Structure type-I

SNo Item Quantity(No) Unit Rate(INR) Cost(INR) Remark

1. Clay brick 3500 No 7.0 24500

2. Fly ash

brick 3500 No 3.5 12250 50% less

3. OPC 20 Bag 240 4800

4. PPC 20 Bag 170 3400 29.0% less

Source: Quantity of construction materials has been worked out and rates are taken

from current scheduled rates of PWD-2017.

Table 2-Comparison of energy consumption for electrical appliances/Month

SNo Item Quantity(

No)

Installation

Cost(INR)

Electricity

Cost (INR)

Total Cost (INR) Remark

1. Tube Light 4 5500 6500 12000

2. CFL Light 4 2500 2500 5000 58.30% less

Source: Cost of electricity as per Bihar State Electric Board (BSEB) tariff 2017

Table 3-Comparison of carbon emission for construction materials

S

No

Item Quantity Unit KgCO2/per

unit

Total Kg CO2 Remark

1. Clay brick 3500 No 0.59 2065.00

2. Fly ash brick 3500 No 0.11 385.00 81.36% less

3. OPC 20 Bag 0.89 17.8

4. PPC 20 Bag 0.60 12.0 32.6% less

Table 4-Comparison of carbon emission for electrical appliances

SNo Item Quantity(No) Total power

Kwh

Tonne CO2/

Kwh

Total

CO2 onne

Remark

1. Tube Light 4.0 1507 0.0005883 0.89

2. CFL Light 4.0 561 0.0005883 0.33 63.0% less

Source: Department of Energy‟s Energy Information Administration. Electricity sources

emit 1.297 lbs CO2 per kWh (0.0005883 metric tons CO2 per Kwh)

Structure type-II

The structure is made of Fly ash Brick Pillars and beams. Reinforcement having L shape at all

corners and of Flyash Brick Pillar is inserted in foundation and Beam upto 450 mm ensures proper

tie-up of beam and column and maximize the box action of building .The bamboo structure is




The walling system consists of Fly ash brick with fly ash mortar 1:4. This wall is then covered

with fly ash cement plaster on both face as it is more durable and resistant to the monsoon rains..

The perforated pattern on the upper belt was made to facilitate the air flow and penetration of

sunlight in the loft. The bamboo loft also works as an insulating false ceiling for the interiors

below.

Salient features:

These Single story houses have foundation of FaL-G Block

These houses are made of bamboo roofing, Fly ash Brick walls

Houses were plastered with FaL-G mortar

High volume fly ash Concrete was used for PCC in foundation and pocket in Fly ash Brick

Pillar

Plinth Area single House : 20.64 sqm

Cost of the Building: Rs 62000/-

CFL Bulb and renewable energy sources like Solar PV and Solar Lights were used

Table 1-Comparison of cost for construction materials for Structure type-II

SNo Item Quantity(No) Unit Rate(INR) Cost(INR) Remark

1. Clay brick 10500 No 7.0 73500

2. Fly ash brick 10500 No 3.5 36750 50% less

3. OPC 62 Bag 240 14880

4. PPC 62 Bag 170 10540 29.0% less

Source: Quantity of construction materials has been worked out and rates are taken from current

scheduled rates of PWD-2017.

Table 2-Comparison of energy consumption for electrical appliances/Month

SNo Item Quantity(No) Installation

Cost(INR)

Electricity

Cost (INR)

Total Cost (INR) Remark

1. Tube Light 4 5500 6500 12000

2. CFL Light 4 2500 2500 5000 58.33% less

Source: Cost of electricity as per Bihar State Electric Board (BSEB) tariff 2017

Table 3-Comparison of carbon emission for construction materials

S

No

Item Quantity Unit KgCO2/per

unit

Total Kg

CO2

Remark

1. Clay brick 10500 No 0.59 6195.00

2. Fly ash brick 10500 No 0.11 1155.00 81.36% less

3. OPC 62 Bag 0.89 660.38

4. PPC 62 Bag 0.60 445.2 32.58% less

5. Steel .0089 Tonne 1.987 18.00

6. Recycled steel .0089 Tonne 0.357 4.00 78.0% less

Table 4-Comparison of carbon emission for electrical appliances

SNo Item Quantity(No) Total

Power Kwh

Tonne CO2/

Kwh

Total

CO2

Tonne

Remark

1. Tube

Light

4.0 1507 0.0005883 0.89

2. CFL

Light

4.0 561 0.0005883 0.33 63.0% less

Source: Department of Energy‟s Energy Information Administration. Electricity sources

emit 1.297 lbs CO2 per kWh (0.0005883 metric tons CO2 per Kwh)

Novelty of this Project:

Made with Simple, Low cost locally available materials, tools and skills material

Resistant to natural hazards

Environmentally Sustainable and Energy Efficient


Flexible for future upgrading and extensions

Easy to maintain

Easy to disconnect, reuse and recycle in its parts

BRIEF HIGHLIGHT OF INNOVATIVE MATERIALS USED IN CONSTRUCTION

FaL-G bricks and blocks

FaL-G is a cementitious mixture composed of fly ash (Fa), lime (L) and gypsum (G) in

proportion of 70%, 25% and 5% respectively. This forms as the basic cementations

binder for the production of FaL-G bricks and blocks in various combination of sand

/stone dust depending upon the requirement of bricks/blocks. FaL-G technology is

based on two principles namely, that the fly ash-lime pozzolanic reaction does not need

external heat under tropical temperature condition, and that the rheology and strength

of fly ash-lime mixtures can be greatly augmented in the presence of gypsum. The lock

and key design of FaL-G blocks makes them a rapid and cost-effective solution for

disaster resistant construction.They does not require mortar or plastering before

painting.

FaL-G bricks and blocks have very distinct advantages over the convention al soil

bricks:

FaL-G bricks produced with compressive strength of 20 N/mm2, water

absorption of 12 percent and coefficient of softening at 0.90.

FaL-G process is simple with production steps of casting and curing, without

dependence on thermal energy. Thereby, the total production cycle spans to 7-

10 days with minimum capital deployment in comparison to clay brick that has

a production cycle of 40-45 days.

They are of uniform size and requires no plastering from outside.

Crushing strength is high as compared to that of ordinary clay bricks.

Porosity is low.

Water absorption is low as per IS specifications.

Slightly lighter in weight than clay bricks.

Linear shrinkage is less than 10%

Utilisation of fly ash in bricks drastically reduces the use of fert ile top soil of

land.

Lower requirement of mortar in construction

Plastering over brick can be avoided

Controlled dimensions, edges, smooth and fine finish & can be in different

colours using pigments

Cost effective, energy-efficient & environment friendly (as avoids the use of

fertile clay)

Fuel requirement is considerably reduced as fly ash contains some percentage of

unburnt carbon

FaL-G are as durable as clay bricks and in fact in certain aggressive

environments perform better than clay bricks

Better thermal insulation

HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE (HVFC)

HVFC is a composite material consisting of fly ash in high volume, coarse aggregate,

fine aggregate and water. Briefly this concrete has very low water to cementitious

ratio, very low water content and incorporates about 50% or more of fly ash (ACTM

Class F, low calcium fly ash). M 20 grade concrete was developed by proportioning the

mix to 1:1.5:3 by weight, as stipulated by the department in the tender schedule. The

90-day strength reached to as high as 41.8 MPa with a permeability reading as low as

45 Coulombs as per ASTM C 1202: Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of

Concrete‟s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration.

The adopted mix design for site mixed concrete is also 1:1.5:3 with a cementitious

binder at 420 kg/cu.m of concrete. 20 mm and 12 mm aggregates are taken in a

proportion of 2:1. Concrete is prepared in the roller mixer where the water is

automatically controlled at around 0.47 to 0.49%.

The slumps attained for concrete are in the range of 25 to 30 mm. The nicety of FaL -G

concrete lies in yielding good flow when subjected to vibration, despite low slump.

This phenomenon facilitates the concrete to move and spread in the mould like self -

compacting concrete, thus eliminating chances for voids and honeycombing. The super

fines of concrete help in better finish of the structural element in case proper formwork

is used. Utilization of HVFC in low cost housing will reduce CO2 load on atmosphere

by 102 million ton and there is going to be shortage of fly ash, if the 50% of total

housing stocks uses HVFC.

a) Unique Feature

It is Innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly Concrete.

The ratio of flexure to compressive strength is high

It has better resistance to fatigue.

Better abrasion resistance

Good resistance to attack by acid

It is resistant to sea water attack

It is highly corrosion resistant in aggressive environment

It is performance Concrete.

b) It is different from Conventional Concrete in following ways:

It is high performance Concrete whereas the Conventional Concrete does not

show high performance.

It is cheaper than the Conventional Concrete.

It is cheaper than the Conventional Concrete whereas the Conventional Concrete

increases CO2 load on atmosphere.

It is more durable than Conventional Concrete in aggressive environment.

It has better abrasion resistance.

FaL-G Mortar

Keeping in view the needs of building, a FaL-G mortar was developed with 70% fly

ash, 25% OPC of 53 grade and 5% of hydrated lime together with gypsum. The neat

FaL-G paste resulted in normal consistency of 30.5% and, with the initial and final

setting times of 190 and 255 minutes respectively.

Self-curing and Self Compacting concrete

It is a composite material consisting of elemental sulphur, coarse aggregate, fine

aggregate, cement, modifier and water. This concrete is 25% cheaper than conventional

concrete. This is a silent and water free revolution in the field of concrete technology.

Through this innovation huge quantity of water can be saved, which is required for

gaining strength for any concrete structure. On the other hand, utilization of this

concrete in Civil Engineering Structures will reduce Carbon dioxide load on

atmosphere by 2 lakh ton annually. This concrete is high early strength and corrosion

resistant in aggressive environment. Utilization of this concrete can increase the life of

structure twice. This innovation can nullify draw back of concrete of achieving strength

requiring long time before load transfer. The compressive strength for M-20 grade

concrete was 35 N/mm2.

It is self-curing concrete i.e. this concrete does not require any water curing for

gaining strength.

It gains required strength within 3 days of casting through air curing.

It gains required strength within 3 days of casting through air curing Its

performance in corrosive environment is excellent.

It can be used in special circumstances where normal Portland cement concrete

can not be used such as hilly area where there is a scarcity of water, industrial

flooring which is always in contact with acidic spillage, patching of

unreinforced pavement where traffic cannot be curtailed for long time.

It is different from normal concrete in following ways:

Normal Concrete requires 28 days of water curing for attaining required strength

but this concrete does not require any curing. It gains required strength within 3

days of casting.

It saves million tons of water in construction activities whereas the normal

concrete consume a huge quantity of water.

It does not require any type of compaction for gaining strength thereby does not

produce any noise pollution.

It reduces CO2 load on atmosphere whereas the normal concrete increases CO2

load on atmosphere.

Its maintenance cost is almost nil compared to normal concrete.

It is highly durable in corrosive environment whereas normal Portland cement

concrete is not durable.

It can be used in special circumstances where normal Portland cement concrete

can not be used.

Banana Fibre –reinforced fly ash cement mortar composite

(BFRFCMC)

It is a composite material produced by using banana fibre with chicken mesh as reinforcing

substance in cement matrix. By utilization of BFRRFCMC in roofing sheet (according to present

requirement in India) 48 million ton of fly ash can be consumed and significant amount of CO2 on

atmosphere can be reduced.

The basic idea behind this material is that concrete can undergo large strain in neighborhood of

reinforcement and the magnitude of strain depends on the distribution and sub division of

reinforcement throughout the matrix. Addition of chicken mesh arrests the sudden failure of the

structure and prevents the formation of micro cracks due to sudden impact. When chopped banana

fibre in specified percentage (by weight of cement) and fly ash in specified percentage (by weight

of cement) was added, the characteristics of roofing sheet produced exhibits a vast variation in

some of its important properties. The compressive strength, flexural strength and durability

increases significantly. The cement mortar composites become impervious in nature. Due to

addition of fly ash, there is reduction in heat of hydration and thermal cracks are minimized.

There is absorption of surplus lime released out of ordinary Portland cement to form secondary

hydrate mineralogy. Pozzolanic reaction with hydrated lime are associated with pore refinement

and grain refinement which results in improvement of reduction of transition zone, which

ultimately lead to durability enhancement. Hence roofing sheets of excellent performance i.e. high

compressive strength, low permeability and excellent durability can be produced by using

BFRFCMC.

It is Innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly material.

It is highly durable in corrosive environment

It shows excellent performance.

It has high compressive strength

It is impervious

The ratio of flexure to compressive strength is high

It is prepared by locally available natural fibres extracted from banana Pseudo stem

reinforcing material and fly ash ,a waste by product from thermal Power stations

Mild steel chicken mesh is used in this product ensures safety against sudden Impact and easy

repair of micro cracks developed if any.

The performance of this material is better than conventional sheets in terms of Flexural

Strength, water impermeability, breaking load, tensile strength, water Absorption,Thermal

Conductivity, lesser dead weight of element due to their Small thickness, non Corrosive

nature, Easy mould ability to required shape and Simplicity of construction.

Due to additional chicken mesh reinforcement, easy repair is possible.

There is saving of material also compared to conventional sheets

The product is safe having no health hazard compared to commercially available Asbestos

Roofing material.

The technology requires less capital investment and holds great potential for Decentralized

Production thereby generating employment in rural area also

The process of production is very simple and one to two week‟s training is Sufficient to learn

this technology.

It does not require sophisticated machinery

It is different from Conventional Roofing sheet in following ways:

It is high performance roofing sheet whereas Conventional sheets in the market do not

show high performance.

It is cheaper than Conventional sheet.

It reduces CO2 load on atmosphere whereas the existing conventional sheet increases

CO2 load on atmosphere.

It is more durable than conventional sheet

It is not carcinogenic in nature whereas conventional sheets are carcinogenic in nature.

It is safe, having no health hazard whereas conventional sheets causes health hazard.

This technology requires less capital investment compared to existing any other

technology.

Bamboo

The whole structural framework (pillars, rafters, wall panels and roofs) was made of bamboo in a

very short time and with basic equipment. Bamboo technology enables to build engineered

structures which are more appropriate to the context, environmentally friendly and even more

resistant to disasters due to their lightweight and excellent elastic properties. The rising costs and

scarce availability of materials such as bricks, concrete and timber in disaster affected areas make

bamboo the ideal substitute; furthermore, its low-cost technology and durability makes it a viable

option for disadvantaged communities. Bamboo was considered the ideal solution for cost

effective, ecological and disaster resistant Construction in the present case for the following

qualities:

o Cost-effectiveness

As a local resource, its low technology content and possibility to build engineered structures in a

short span of time and with basic equipment makes it a cost-effective option which is accessible

for the most disadvantaged rural people. Bamboo techniques are well-established among artisans

and rural households.

o Disaster Resistance/Safety

Bamboo has high qualities of tensile strength, extreme lightness and excellent elastic properties.

Structures are able to tolerate high values of deformations in the elastic range and withstand

lateral forces, generated by earthquakes and hard wind during cyclones.

o Eco-friendliness

Bamboo can be regenerated in 2-3 years, while timber could take up to 25 years before being

suitable for harvesting and processing .Bamboo plantations can be grown also over degraded

lands.

o Energy-efficiency

Bamboo components require little energy for production and assemblage in comparison with

concrete, steel and timber. The carbon footprint of the building is greatly reduced and so is the

overall cost. Processing bamboo requires 1/8 of the energy that concrete requires and even 1/50 of

the amount necessary for steel.

o Comfort

Bamboo houses are more suitable than concrete and fire brick constructions to the local climatic

features of warm-humid areas. This quality allows better living conditions and wider acceptance

from local communities in the aftermath of a disaster.

ANNEXURE-H

CAPACITY BUILDING OF MASONS,ENGINEERS,LOCAL PEOPLE FOR

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS, CIVIC AWARENESS AND MITIGATION

In the capacity of Advisor (Technical)/Bihar State Disaster Management Authority, Bihar, Patna

he has brought a revolution in the field of Capacity building of Masons, Engineers & local people

.He is not only involved in training of Engineers, Masons and Local people about cause of

Disaster, its effect, preparedness, mitigation, Disaster resistant construction, but also motivating

them to construct Disaster resistant house .Result is amazing. Wherever he has launched this

campaign, People have started constructing Disaster resistant house and people have come

forward to spread awareness about Disaster resistant technology, preparedness and mitigation

techniques to grass root level have society.

Main Focus of the Practice

a. Capacity Building of Masons, Engineers, Local people for Disaster(Earthquake,

Cyclone, Flood) Resistant Construction

b. Awareness about Causes and Impact of different types of Natural Disaster

(Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood)

c. Preparedness about the environmental conservation towards disaster resilience

SUMMARY:

This Practice has become a revolution to make the Society safe during Disaster.

Vision:

To Make the Society Disaster (Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood) Resistant through Capacity

building of Masons, Engineers and Local People.

To motivate the people to Construct Disaster (Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood) Resistant

house

To motivate the people to retrofit the old house which are not disaster resistant

Spread awareness about the benefits of Disaster (Earthquake, Cyclone, and Flood)

Resistant house.

Aware and Prepare the People about the mitigation of Disaster.

Employment generation for low income persons and disadvantaged section of society

CURRENT SCENARIO:

The Campaign started in May 2018 and by January 2019, Capacity building of communities for

response and risk reduction-5300 Masons, 1500 Engineers and 6200 people have been

trained so far.

People have started to construct Disaster (Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood) Resistant house

and retrofit the old house which are not disaster resistant



technology



BACKGROUND

The regions of Bihar have been constantly affected by mainly three types of disaster namely

Earthquake, floods and Cyclone. Districts are adversely affected by Earthquake, districts are

affected by Flood and districts are affected by Cyclone.

During disaster millions of people are affected, thousands of houses are damaged along with

significant losses of crops and cattle. Before initiative began people were not aware about the

mitigation approach towards disaster. They were not aware of disaster resistant house.

The most effected group were

Disadvantaged section of society, Minorities, and Widows

ESTABLISHMENT OF PRIORITIES:

In the present case followings were important priority:

Awareness programme

Capacity building Programme

Preparation of Awareness and Capacity building Module

Preparation of Awareness and Capacity building Calendar

Training of Master Trainer (Theory and Practical)

Mobilisation of financial resource

Disseminate knowledge of negative impact of Disaster and Disaster resistant and Retrofitting

technology to grass root level of society

These priorities were established by extensive field visit, deep study of socio-economic condition

of different community of the area, a number of meetings with different section of society and

participatory approach in decision making process.

Leadership and Technical input and Guidance: Dr.Sunil Kumar Chaudhary

Apart from community meeting, People of different section of society like minority and widows

were involved in the whole process.

MOBILISATION OF RESOURCES:

The main source of finance was Disaster management department, Building construction

Department, Govt of Bihar.

PROCESS:

The process consisted of the following steps:

Participatory Planning process for Awareness programme

Participatory Planning process for Capacity building Programme

Preparation of Awareness and Capacity building Module

Preparation of Awareness and Capacity building Calendar

Training of Master Trainer (Theory and Practical)

Mobilisation of financial resource

Disseminate knowledge of negative impact of Disaster and Disaster resistant and Retrofitting

technology to grass root level of society

Earthquake Resistant Load bearing Model work in Progress

Seismic Band at Plinth Level

Ratio of Cement and Sand in Mortar

Earthquake Zone-III Earthquake Zone-IV & V

Testing of Materials

Ensuring the Quality of Concrete

Retrofitting to make the old building Earthquake resistant

Technique to make the structure Cyclone Resistant

Mock drill “Jhuko”, “Dhako”, “Pakro

Result is as follows:-

1. Capacity building of communities for response and risk reduction-5300 Masons, 1500

Engineers and 6200 people have been trained so far.

2. People have started constructing Disaster resistant house using this technology

3. Creating awareness among the masses for preparedness and risk reduction through

Meeting, Seminars, Conferences, Print Media, Electronic Media, Social media.

4. There is astonishing response among Engineers, Masons, local representative, political

leaders, local representatives, common people

5. Govt officials and local representatives are putting their request for more and more

training

6. Media have also come forward to cover this campaign. This Capacity building

campaign has potential to make the society Safe. I strongly believe that this campaign is a

revolution in the field of Disaster Management.

Problems faced

Local laws, culture and customs, geography and climate, and politics and feelings

regarding race and class, often present a unique set of barriers. Tools that can be

customised in the unique context of each community are needed

Lack of technical knowledge and awareness about unconventional materials among

professionals;

Low confidence and prejudices on quality (fear of malfunctions and short durability) on

behalf of governmental institutions, which do not support organizations to implement

alternative techniques;

Negative attitude towards change of technology ,employing indigenous materials and

techniques;

Lack of cooperation among stakeholders to promote local housing culture and along with

improved disaster resistant building techniques.

These problems were overcome by extensive field visit, deep study of socio-economic condition of

different community of the area, a number of meetings with different section of society and

participatory approach in decision making process under the dynamic Leadership of Dr. Sunil

Kumar Chaudhary

RESULT ACHIEVED

This Campaign has shown a successful way of creating of Civic Awareness, Preparedness

for Disaster, Mitigation and implementing of Construction and/Rehabilitation of

Disaster Resistant House using a cost-effective eco-friendly and community-based approach

The experience has already had an important impact, both for the residents who have been

actively involved throughout the process and for other grassroots groups around the state

and other part of country

The campaign led by me is a silent revolution in the field of Disaster Mitigation,

Rehabilitation through Disaster resistant technology, Civic Awareness and Preparedness

and Capacity building of Masons, Engineers and Local People.

The Campaign started in May 2018 and by January 2019, Capacity building of communities for

response and risk reduction-5300 Masons, 1500 Engineers and 6200 people have been

trained so far.

People have started to construct Disaster Resistant house



The project has succeeded in mobilising a diverse group of people who previously felt a

sense of hopelessness.

The project is directly benefiting 350 families with the construction of new housing units.

Unprecedented levels of collaboration between and across agencies and not-for-profit

organisations active in the community



technology

SUSTAINABILITY:

Financial‐

The Campaign is funded from Disaster management department, Building construction

Department, Govt of Bihar. A series of cost-efficient solutions already have been

demonstrated that could be suggested as alternatives to government.

Income generation is key element of the project, with two social enterprises established to

date, including a community bakery, a jewellery-making enterprise using recycled

materials.

Where relevant, homeless people receive employment support, which has increased

income and employment. Having a permanent address is important in being able to access

employment.

The involvement of communities and a wide range of partners has enabled the

development of innovative solutions and the pooling of resources that have made the

provision of housing to homeless persons more cost-effective

Social and Economic:

One of the aims of the Campaign is to reduce the extreme social and economic inequalities

prevalent in Indian society and to ensure access to land, housing and employment for low-

income groups.

All decision-making is carried out in Assemblies and residents work together at all stages

of the process. The experience has brought together residents from different backgrounds

and helped to create strong social networks.

The project approach and mutual help process promote the values of solidarity and

cooperation, prioritising collective action and social integration. Social inclusion is a key

priority of project and residents include traditionally excluded groups, promoting the

participation of all with the same rights and responsibilities, regardless of any social,

ethnic or cultural differences.

Women are active in leadership roles .

The Campaign provides capacity building and support to enrolled homeless peoples and

has developed various tools to help communities tackle homelessness.

Cultural –.

Vernacular: incorporating traditional practices and aesthetics of earth architecture

This practice of awareness and Capacity building for Construction of Disaster resistant

house on Elevated on a structural platform offering spectacular views and access to nature, the

building‟s placement also offers protection against future flood concerns received respect from all

section of society

Protects landscape and traditional customs by reducing the use of metal roofing sheets


Environmental –

Awareness and Capacity building for use of Locally available Environment friendly

building materials for house such as Bamboo, bricks and cement for walls, Banana fibre

reinforced cement mortar composite for roofs. Local wood is used for windows, doors.

Training and approach applies a number of appropriate building technologies increasing

the positive environmental impact of the project.

Bricks are produced in an environmentally friendly process

The house construction process requires the use of fewer building materials.

The sites and buildings have a reduced environmental footprint, including the materials

and technologies used but also the active engagement of the residents in the process.

Sharing of experience through the Panchayat Assembly enables other villages in the region

to learn from the good environmental practice

The Campaign is respectful of environmental principles. For example, communities are

trained on how to use existing resources efficiently,

All tenants sign a pledge to commit to greening their lifestyles and reducing their

environmental footprint

Institutional –

The project did not directly change existing legislation, however I have communicated the

objectives and accomplishments of the project to government officials at all levels. This

program has shown officials a successful way of creating of Civic Awareness,

Preparedness for Disaster, Mitigation and implementing of Construction

and/Rehabilitation of Disaster Resistant House using a cost-effective eco-friendly and

community-based approach

TRANSFERABILTY:

This practice of Rehabilitation is a scaling-up process in itself, taking a proven approach in

Madhubani and Darbhanga to the Bihar as a whole and beyond. This practice itself

attempts to accept as many invitations as possible to visit external organizations in the

India to discuss and advocate the practice‟s methodology.

This practice now works on a regular basis with 17 local coalitions across India.

Many visitors have come to see the initiative, including grassroots groups, community

leaders, international visitors and university students

I have carried out a number of workshops and exchanges with other communities to

transfer knowledge and tools, and a blog is under preparation to share the experience more

widely.

The project was extended to include a second phase, with the additional 17 units that are

currently under construction

The approach has been discussed with political and community leaders in Bihar,

Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh. In the first two, this has now led to similar campaigns;

support has been provided to five cities or regions. In Saharsa, the methodology was

applied to flood victims and rehouse them very rapidly. Take up in Sitamarhi and

Muzaffarpur is imminent

LESSON LEARNED:

A huge loss of lives and Property in different parts of Bihar during Disaster due to lack of

Awareness, Preparedness ,wrong construction/Rehabilitation practices, Lack of

knowledge to Masons and Engineers about Disaster resistant Construction/Rehabilitation

technology of Building altogether motivated me for this Work.

The key lesson learned is that no matter how long it takes it is important to never give up

on your dreams. The struggle has taken several months, people have come and gone, but

the dream was kept alive until the goal was realised

Building a local culture of disaster reduction:

Capacity building transferred and shared through education, awareness and training is a

fundamental step in a rehabilitation process. To this regard, it is of central utility to

establish a strong linkage among all the local stakeholders (institutions, grassroots

organisations, academia and research centres), so that they will gain adequate capacity to

keep on advocating and acting for environmental conservation and community based

initiatives of disaster reduction in the future.

The major role of professionals for creating awareness and reconstruction implementers

should be to provide adequate access to knowledge and technical support for local

stakeholders.

Each stage of the rehabilitation process should encourage capacities of affected

communities, in order to strengthen the existing livelihood options and spread awareness

about the benefits of environmental conservation towards disaster resilience

Integration of environmentally sustainable concepts into the current practice of House

design, construction and post-disaster rehabilitation is becoming essential

Social, economic, environmental factors which cannot be considered separately for the

main goal of a long term disaster risk reduction and stable development

It is becoming essential to re-establish a symbiotic relationship between the built

environment and its natural context to successfully mitigate climate change effects.

WHAT MEDIA SAYS

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