developing narratives for branching simulations by: simon puleo dramatic tension macro structures
TRANSCRIPT
Developing Narratives for Branching Simulations
By: Simon Puleo
Dramatic Tension
Macro Structures
Branching Sims – Short History
FlashDirector
AuthorwareHypercard
HTML/Javascript
1990-2004
SimWriterCaptivate
ForioSmart Builder
2004-2007
Developer Authoring
Designer Authoring
Oregon TrailZork
1985
BantamChoose your
own adventure
1978
Branching Sims – Analysis
Guillaume Dufay
Thinking about Thinking
Episodic– Experience– Structure
Propositional– Knowledge– Data
Emotional
Environmental
Social
Other Factors
3 Year Old Child’s Birthday Party Decision
3 Year Old Child’s Birthday Party Decision
When should we leave?
Take it as it goes.
Before Cake
Immediately After Cake
10 Minutes After Cake
Posted partyend time
Simulation Planning
• Learning Design• Simulation Design• Scenario Design
http://x-learning.blogspot.com/
Eliciting the NarrativeHow to capture your narrative:• Surveys• Subject Matter Expert Interviews• Shadowing an Expert• Performing in the role
What you are looking for:• Process.• What happens when all is well• What happens when there is a problem• How are common situations handled• How are complex situations handled• Misconceptions from the users view• Misconceptions from the program owners view• The Wow Story!
Exposition
Basic Narrative Structure
Exposition Complication ConclusionResolution
Coaching and Support
Dramatic Introduction
Problem
Stated
InvestigateResolve
RestateRemediation
Dramatic Tension Over time
Incitingincident
Risingaction
Crisis
Climax
FallingAction
Common Business Storylines
TeamworkWork Together to Solve ProblemProject ManagementApply Business Process
Conflict ResolutionNegotiation SkillsCustomer RelationsProject ManagementSales SkillsSupport StaffCustomer Complaints
Selling SkillsConsultative SellingSales ProcessPersuading Others
ProceduralApplying Compliance or RegulationsProject ManagementApply Business Process
Analytical SkillsInvestigating caseInterviewing skillsBuilding a case
Macro Structures• Contingent Chapters
• Contingent Chapters with Critical Exit
• Multiple Endings
Exit
Removable Scaffolding
Find the Facts
Remediation
Document Situation
Resolve Situation
Remediation
Educate Client
Remediation
Summary
Remediation
Scenario 1
Find the Facts
Document Situation
Resolve Situation
Remediation
Educate Client
Summary
Remediation
Scenario 2
Find the Facts
Document Situation
Resolve Situation
Educate Client
Summary
Remediation
Scenario 3
Micro Structures
• Basic Feedback Loop
Q1 Correct
Feedback
Incorrect
Situation 1 Situation 2
or go to Q1
Provide Feedback in Situation 2 Or independent of situation 2
Easy to authorEasy for a learner to get through
Feedback can break continuity of storyThe story can feel overly like an assessment
Micro Structures
• Basic Feedback Loop (Double Assessment)
Q1A Correct
Feedback
Incorrect
Situation 1 Q1B
This could also be to an exit pathOr tracked and go on
Correct
Incorrect
Situation 2
More challenging to authorThe double assessment challenges the learnerUse in conjunction with single feedback loops so it is not overly obviousWorks well with an exit pathCan become complicated with over 3 distracters
Micro Structures
• Narrowing Distracters
Feedback
Situation 1
Correct
Incorrect
MediumQ1
Situation 2
Situation 1a
Correct
Incorrect
Q1a
More challenging to authorThe learner time in the simulation variesThe format does not feel overly obviousBecause the answers are reiterated if you choose the medium choice for Situation 1a the learner has a natural recall of S1 and Q1
The Shoe That Fits
Hidy Hank
Leaders
The Argument
Here comes the Holodeck!
Sgt. John Blackwell
FlatWorld, a project of the Institute for Creative Technologies.
What you can do with big resources.
SummaryLinks and Resources• More on Sgt. Blackwell
http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/features/20051106-9999-lz1a06ictech.html• Authoring branching storylines for training applications. Andrew S. Gordon
http://people.ict.usc.edu/~gordon/ICLS04.PDF• Presentation by Mark Riedel http://projects.ict.usc.edu/bc2006/schedule.html• Nexlearn http://www.nexlearn.com• Ninth House http://www.ninthhouse.com• Jeremy Wolfe - MIT• http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-00Fall-2004/
CourseHome/index.htm
ContactSimon [email protected] 568 3926
Blog at: http://x-learning.blogspot.com/