development and certification of de-icing and anti-icing...
TRANSCRIPT
Development and Certification of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
04.09.2008 1D. Sinan Körpe
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serkan ÖZGENCo-Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yusuf ULUDAĞ
OUTLINE
�Motivation
� Introduction
�Development of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
�Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
�Results and Discussions
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Motivation
�Chemical Engineering aspect• To learn the aspects of chemicals on physical and
rheological properties of liquids,
• To produce these chemicals that are widely used in industry .
�Aerospace Engineering aspect• To understand the behavior of the two-layer flows.
�Economical aspect• To produce the solutions that are imported.
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Effects of ice on Aircraft performance
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Introduction
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Introduction
Required Properties� Viscosity behavior• Holdover (at rest)• Flow-off (at acceleration)• Polymer
� Lower Freezing temperature• Propylene glycol, Ethylene glycol
� Lower Surface tension• Surfactants (wetting agents)
� Higher Material Compatibility• Anti-corrosion
Flat Plate Elemination Test
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Introduction
Flat plate lemination test simulation
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Development of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
The effect of the functional chemicals on the properties of Type-1 fluids
Chemical Typec Viscosity (cP)
(@ 20 oC)
Surface Tension (mN/m)
(@ 25 oC)
Freezing Point
(oC)
S and pH 8-15 50 -26
S and C 8-15 36 -26
pH and C 8-15 40 -26
S, pH and C 8-15 37 -26
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Development of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
The effect of the chemical additives on properties of Type-1 fluids when they are used together
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Development of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
Rheological behavior of 1% of HMPA solutions by weight Rheological behavior of 2% of HMPA solutions by weight
Rheological behavior of 4% of HMPA solutions by weight
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Development of De-Icing and Anti-Icing Solutions
The change of zero shear viscosity of the 0.075 wt % HMPA solutions with pH
The rheological behavior of HMPA solutions at 0.064 wt % concentration with different glycol-water content.
The surface tension change of HMPA solution (0.067 wt %) with addition of AOT
Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
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Sketch of laminar-turbulent transition
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
{ ''''''4''2'''''
3n'''2'' UU)1n()22(n)U(
Rei
UU))(cU( χ−+χα+χα−χ
α=χ−χα−χ−
−
[ ]2''''''2'2 )U)(2n(nUnU)U(4 −++α+
]U)2n(UU[nUU)2n(22''''''2''''2 −+α+χα−+
General Orr-Sommerfeld Equation
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
index behaviour flow then
indexy consistenc flow thek
itycosvis
k 1n
=
=
=µ
γ•=µ −
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
Flow Geometry
Laminar Boundary Layer �
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
Turbulent Boundary Layer�
)ofilePrSkanFalkner(0fff2 ''''' −=+
**1
*2*2*1 usyfordybay)y(U υ≥++=
( ) **1
***1
2*1 usy0foryu)y(U υ≤≤υ=
)2(Ri
1U))(cU( 4''2''''''
12''
1 φα+φα−φα
=φ−φα−φ−
Orr-Sommerfeld equation for upper fluid
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
Flow Geometry
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
( )( ) )n)2n(2n(rRei
macU 4''2''''
1n22''
2 χα+χα−+χα
=χα−χ−−
Orr-Sommerfeld equation for lower fluid
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Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
Flow Geometry
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)0()0( χ=φ
)aa(Uc)0(
)0()0( 120
'' −−φ=χ−φ
))0()0((mna)0()0( 2''1n2
''2 χα+χ=φ+φα −
[ ][ ] )Uc(SF)1r(Rei
)0()n4()0(nma))0(a)0()Uc((rRei
)3)0(())0(a)0()UcRe((i
022
'2'''1n22
'0
'2'''1
'0
−φα+−α=
χα−−χ+χ+χ−α+
φα−φ−φ+φ−α
−
−
Mathematical Model and Solution Method for Two-Layer Flow’s Linear Stability Analysis
=
0
0
0
0
B
B
A
A
cccc
cccc
cccc
cccc
4
3
2
1
44434241
34333231
24232221
14131211
Results of parametric study
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Effect of viscosity ratio, m (l=1,r=1, S=0, F=0)
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Results of parametric study
Effect of viscosity ratio, m on TS curve (l=1,r=1, S=0, F=0)
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Results of parametric study
Effect of viscosity ratio, S (l=0.5,r=1, m=5, F=0)
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Results of parametric study
Effect of n (l=0.5,r=1, m=5, F=0,S =0)
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Results of parametric study
Effect of n on TS curve (l=0.5,r=1, m=5, F=0,S =0)
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Results of parametric study
( )( ) )n)2n(2n(rRei
macU 4''2''''
1n22''
2 χα+χα−+χα
=χα−χ−−
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-IcingSolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Viscosity measurement for G2 fluid at 200C Variation of density with temperature for G2 soluition
Variation of surface tension with temperature for G2 soluition
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave CharacteristicsFluid
Temperature
(0C)
Viscosity
(cP)
Surface
Tension
(mN/m)
Density
(kg/m3)
T1 20 24.5 40.17 1040.4
T1 0 68.8 42.09 1051.7
T1 -10 148 43.05 1056.7
T2 20 1138.1*γ-0.374 36.21 1038.2
T2 0 1230*γ-0.295 37.31 1056.1
T2 -10 1093.2*γ-0.227 37.86 1061.8
G1 20 18.9 38.45 1070.2
G1 0 34.8 40.09 1083.1
G1 -10 57.1 40.86 1088.6
G2 20 1722*γ-0.484 38.15 1038.2
G2 0 5499*γ-0.608 39.90 1056.1
G2 -10 8018*γ-0.643 40.78 1061.8
Air[40] 20 0.0182 - 1.204
Air[40] 0 0.0171 - 1.292
Air[40] -10 0.0167 - 1.304
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Temperature
(0C)
Thickness
(mm)
Critical
Reynolds
Number
Critical
Wind Speed
(m/s)
Critical
Wavelength
(mm)
Critical
Wave Speed
(mm/s)
20 2.4 1796.2 11.3133 32.41 1.00
20 1.8 1175.3 9.8701 35.43 0.39
20 1.2 864.3 10.8875 31.63 0.22
0 2.4 1945.37 10.7281 30.03 1.18
0 1.8 1265.4 9.3044 39.71 0.40
0 1.2 940.6 10.3743 30.56 0.25
-10 2.4 2012.9 10.4370 28.94 1.66
-10 1.8 1303.6 9.0123 34.17 0.63
-10 1.2 973.5 10.0953 30.35 0.34
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Recr variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Recr variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Recr variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Recr variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Ucr* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Ucr* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icingsolutions’ Wave Characteristics
Ucr* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
Ucr* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
λ* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
λ* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
λ* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
λ* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
cr* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
cr* variation at -100C
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
cr* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
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Comparision of De-Icing and Anti-Icing solutions’ Wave Characteristics
cr* variation at d2* =2.4 mm
�For G2 (Anti-Icing) solution• Decrease the viscosity ratio
• Change the pH value
• Decrease the surfactant ratio of the solution
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THANK YOU
�Supported by a research grant from TÜBĐTAK,
project number:106M219