development and construction planning lessons learned from … · 2018-04-12 · canterbury...

Development and Construction Planning

Lessons Learned from the Earthquake(s)

Mark Allan NZIS President

Learned Response

•  ChristchurchEarthquakeSequence•  KaikouraEarthquakeSequence•  AllianceModelsSCIRTNCTIR•  ChristchurchPropertyBoundariesandRelatedMatters

Act•  GeotechnicalEngineering•  CivilEngineering

Kaikoura

14November2016Magnitude7.8

Canterbury Earthquake Sequence September 4th 2010 – Magnitude 7.1

February 22nd 2011 – Magnitude 6.3 June 13th 2011 – Magnitude 6.0

December 23rd 2011 – Magnitude 6.0 More than 18,000 aftershocks

Kaikoura Earthquake Sequence

November 14th 2016 – Magnitude 7.8 More than 18,000 aftershocks

Alliance Models

•  SCIRT-StrongerChristchurchInfrastructureRebuildTeam•  NCTIR-NorthCanterburyTransportInfrastucture

Recovery•  AlliancesformedbetweenOwnerParticipants,NonOwner

ParticipantsandSub-Contractors

About SCIRT

TheStrongerChristchurchInfrastructureRebuildTeam(SCIRT)wascreatedin2011bytheCanterburyEarthquakeRecoveryAuthoritytorebuildChristchurch’searthquakedamagedhorizontalinfrastructure.SCIRT’sjobwastoprovideacost-effectiveandefficientvehicletoquicklygetthecity'scivilinfrastructurebackonitsfeet.SCIRTisanalliancepartnershipbetween:OwnerParticipants-ChristchurchCityCouncil(CCC),CanterburyEarthquakeRecoveryAuthority(CERA),NewZealandTransportAgency(NZTA)andNonOwnerParticipants–contractors;CityCare,McConnellDowell,Downer,Fletcher,FultonHogan.

About SCIRT

SCIRTwasdefinedveryearlyasa5yearprogramme,transitioningfromemergencyrecoverytoamorebusinessasusualapproachasworksprogressed.SCIRTwasbasedonanallianceagreementbetweennationalandlocalgovernmentandfivecivilengineeringcontractors,butwasnotaconventionalalliance.Thecontractordeliveryteamscompetedforconstructionwork,whichwasallocatedaccordingtoperformanceinbothcostandnon-costKeyResultAreas(KRAs).Strongdriverswerecreatedforbothcompetitionandcollaboration.

About SCIRT

"Thosecompanieswhoperformedbetterwereallocatedmorework,"saidSCIRTExecutiveGeneralManagerIanCampbell."Deliveryteamswerepaidafeebasedonthetargetcostofworkdone.Poorperformancethereforemeantlessfeeearned;goodperformanceincreasedthefee."Thedifferencebetweentargetcost(budget)andactualcostforeachprojectwasaddedtoagainshare/painsharepot,ashareofwhich(nominally50%butvariabledependingonnon-costperformance)waspaidto(orpaidby)thecontractorsattheendoftheprogrammeaccordingtotheamountofworkeachhaddone.Thisencouragedcollaborationbecauseallcontractorsneededtoperformtoensureanoverall"gain"ratherthan"pain"result.

About SCIRT

Allcontractorsstartedoutbeingallocatedanequalamountofwork;however,eachcompany'ssharealteredoverthecourseoftheprogramme.Becauseallthecontractorssharedpainorgain,itwasinalltheirintereststohelpeachotherdeliverthebestpossibleoutcome.

About SCIRT

SCIRT’s$2.2billion,five-and-a-halfyearprogrammewasfundedbytheNewZealandGovernmentandChristchurchCityCouncil.Itinvolvedmorethan700individualprojectsacrossthecityrepairingandrebuildingundergroundsewage,stormwaterandfreshwaterpipes,rebuildingwastewaterpumpstationsaswellasroads,bridgesandretainingwalls.Multiplecontractorscollaboratedwithgovernmentagenciesforthegreatergoodofanearthquake-batteredcommunity.

About NCTIR

TheNorthCanterburyTransportInfrastructureRecovery(NCTIR)hasbeenset-upbythegovernmentundertheHurunui/KaikouraEarthquakesRecoveryAct2016torepairandgettheroadandrailnetworksre-openedbytheendof2017.TheNorthCanterburyTransportInfrastructureRecoveryisanalliancerepresentingtheNZTransportAgencyandKiwiRailonbehalfofgovernment,torepairbytheendof2017,theroadandrailnetworksbetweenPictonandChristchurchfollowingtheNovember2016Kaikouraearthquake.NCTIRisanalliancepartnershipbetween:OwnerParticipantstheNZTransportAgencyandKiwiRailandNonOwnerParticipants–contractors;FultonHogan,Downer,HEBConstructionandHiggins.

About NCTIR

NCTIRwassetupasanemergencyresponsealliancewithanexpectedlifetimeof8monthstoreinstatealevelofserviceduetotheimpactofthemaintrunkrailwaylinebeingoutofservice.NCTIRhasjustrecentlyhadanimprovementspackageaddedontoit’sscopeofworkresultinginlikelyadditionof2years.TheNCTIRallianceissetupdifferentlytotheSCIRTallianceinthatthenon-ownerparticipantsarenotcompetingagainsteachotherforwork.

North Canterbury Transport Infrastructure Recovery

MovemountainstoReconnectCommunities

1.  KeeptheLewisPassandInlandRoadroadsopen

2.  ReopentheMainNorthLine

3.  ReopenStateHighway1NorthandSouth

4.  OpentheKaikouraHarbour

The Challenge

The Scale of the Damage

19

Thephases

1.  Cleanthetopsoftheslips

2.  Clearawaytheslipwithmachinery

3.  Keeptheslipsfromblockingtheroadandorrail

4.  Buildtherailandroad

5.  Maketheroadandrailresilient

Engineering Resilience

Progress Report Asat1August2017

Projected Dates

2 June 17

14 June 17

1 Aug 17

27 April 17

22 May 17

10 June 17

9 July 17

Key:

Open for Work Trains and Track Repairs in Progress

Civil Works in Progress

Stabilising Slip Faces

BeforeSluicingandScaling

AfterSluicingandScaling

Benches

Slipmateriallandsand

accumulatesonthe

engineeredbenchratherthanthetransportcorridor

Relocate Road and Rail

Railandroadmovedaway

fromlandslides

SlipsDeconstructed

Rockarmouringtoprotect

railfromthesea

Bundsandcatchpitsbetweentheslipsandthetransportcorridor

Stabilising Slip Faces Using Mesh

Catch Bunds and Fences Catchareabehindbundtocollectlandslidematerial

Bundtocreatecatchareaandtoprotectrailway

Fencetocatchairbornerocks

(seenextslide)Rail&road

movedawayfrom

slip

Remotemonitoringsensorsonthefencetodetectslope

failures

Rockfall Trajectory Analysis

Rockfalltrajectoryanalysistohelpdesignthe:

-Heightofthefences-Strengthofthefences

Remote Monitoring Systems

Remotemonitoringsensorsonthefencetodetect

slopefailurestowarntrainsbeforetheyenterthearea.Weatheralsomonitored.

Rockfall Fences

Rockfall Fences August 2017 – slip material barriers near site 27

38

Rock Fall Shelters

RockfallRisk

Containers – Temporary Bunding

Main North Line Rail Network August 2017 – Final rail weld at site 4. MNL reconnected nine months after quake

43

Data Capture

Groundtopo,scanner,mobilescanner,UAV,PointClouds,BigData,GIS

Where to Start?

LiDAR and Aerial Photography •  Concept design able to start quickly •  Allows large surfaces to be modelled quickly •  Images allow comparison between Pre and Post Quake

DetailedDesign=DetailedSurvey

Accuracy?

EndUser?

MethodsofCapture?

DeliverablesRequired?

Datums?

Capture/As-built

Design

Setout

ConstructionSurvey

ProjectLifeCycle

QualityofDesign,SetoutandConstructionareadirectresultofthequalityoftheoriginalsurvey

NCTIRControlNetworkInstalled•  Frameworkthattheentireprojectisbasedon•  Allcontrolmarksintermsofeachother•  Marksintermsofprojectdatum•  Allowssurveystobestartedconfidently

NCTIRSurveySpecificationCreated

•  Allconsultantsabletoprovideconsistentdeliverables•  7Consultantsbeingused•  Accuraciesspecified•  Datacapturemethodologyspecified•  Systemsetupforeasyflowofdatathroughdata

system(deliveryandQA)

Surveying - Equipment

53

GPS TotalStationScanning

Data Management -12d

54

•  12dModeland12dSynergyUtilized•  12dSynergy–Datamanagementwithtraceability•  12dModel–CivilEngineeringandSurveySoftware

•  Allowsthemaintenanceofalivedatabase•  Modelsharing•  120+Designers

•  NewSurveysanddataaddedeveryday•  Designjobsrefreshtoshownewdatacaptured

Surveying - Technology

55

UnmannedAerialVehicle(UAV)-Drone

•  GatherDataQuickly•  CreatesBothSurfacemodelsandAerialImage•  SurveyDangerousLocations•  Integrationwithothersurveymethods

CentralEngineeringDatabase

SurveyGISLiDARAerialImage

MasterProject Designer

Project

PrimaryDataDelivery;•  12d

Ø  3DSurfaceØ  Attributedlinestrings

•  LocalControlTiedintoNCTIRControlNetwork

ViewersSketchFab-Geotechs

Recap-Designers

IntegratedDesignandSurvey

Capture/As-built

Design

Setout

ConstructionSurvey

ProjectLifeCycle

MobileLaserScanningforImprovementsPackage

•  GPSforLocation•  InternalIMUforaccuratesolution•  10mmAccuracy•  LargeareasSurveyedQuickly•  DigitalStringExtraction•  Essentialinlargeimprovementpackage•  ContinuousSitenotisolatedlocations

Christchurch Property Boundaries and Related Matters Act

29 August 2016

Note:TheprovisionsofthisactdonotapplytotheKaikouraEarthquakeSequence.

Surveyorsneedtotakeintoaccountearthquake-relatedlandmovementwhenlocatingpropertyboundariesinChristchurch.

The Act

TheCanterburyPropertyBoundariesandRelatedMattersActcameintoforceon29August2016.ThepurposeoftheactistoprovidecertaintytosurveyingandtitlesingreaterChristchurchfollowingtheCanterburyearthquakes,tosupportrecoveryandtherebuildandtomaintainpublicconfidenceinthecadastre."GreaterChristchurch"isdefinedasthedistrictsoftheChristchurchCityCouncil,theSelwynDistrictCouncil,andtheWaimakaririDistrictCouncil,andincludesthecoastalmarineareaadjacenttothosedistricts.The"Canterburyearthquakes"aredefinedasanyearthquakeinCanterburybetween4September2010and13February2022andincludinganyaftershockinthatperiod.

The Act

Thelegislationtakesapragmaticviewbysayingboundarieshavemovedwiththeland.Inmostinstances,thismeansthatboundarieswillbewherepropertyownersexpectthemtobe,asmarkedbyfeatureslikefences.Thislegislationwillreducethepotentialforfutureboundarydisputesandconflicts.TheSurveyorGeneralwillconsultwithsurveyorsonproposedrulestoimplementthenewlegislation.Thereisapossibilitythattherewillbeboundaryconflictsasaresultofearlierapprovedsurveysthatdidnottakelandmovementintoaccount.

The Act

CoverageandimpactofthelegislationSections7and8ofthenewActsetrulesapplyingtoallboundariesthatdeterminethespatialextentofland.Section7(2)saystheboundariesaredeemedtohavemovedortomovewiththemovementoflandcausedbytheCanterburyearthquakes(whetherthemovementwashorizontalorvertical,orboth),unlessthemovementwasalandslip.Thisdoesnotaffectthevalidityofanestateorinterestinland,"andtheland(asmoved)continuestobethesameland,andaffectedbythesameinterests,asbeforethemovement".ItalsodoesnotaffecttheboundarieswithingreaterChristchurchdefinedbefore29August2016..

The Act

Section8statesthatacadastralsurveywillcontinuetodeterminetheboundariesofanylandsurveyedwithingreaterChristchurchifitwasdoneingoodfaithandwithoutnegligencebetween4September2010and29August2016,anditscadastralsurveydatasetwasdeterminedtocomplywithsection9(a)oftheCadastralSurveyAct2002inthatperiod.Section10removesliabilityforcadastralsurveysorboundarydeterminationsbetween4September2010and29August2016iftheliabilitywouldnothavearisenifthesurveyordeterminationhadbeendoneontheoppositebasistothatused-ie,thattheboundariesdidordidnotmovewiththemovementoflandcausedbytheearthquakes.

Sector Leaders Group

Geotechnical Engineering

CanterburyandKaikouraearthquakesequencesresultedinintensegroundshakingLargeareasofsaturatedalluvialsoilsacrosstheeasternpartsofChristchurchliquifiedresultinginsignificantdamagetoland,buildingsandservicesManyareaswereaffectedbylateralspreadSignificantcliffcollapseandrockfallinthePortHillsandBanksPeninsulasurroundingChristchurch

Christchurch Sumner Road Rockfall

Christchurch – Whitewash Head

Christchurch – Deans Head

Christchurch - Redcliffs


SincetheCanterburyearthquakes,itisnowrecognisedthatspecialistsingeotechnicalengineeringisneededtoassessthegroundconditionsatasite.Geotechnicalengineersneedtoworkcloselyatanearlystagewiththesurveyors,civilandstructuralengineers,architects,planners,LocalAuthoritiesandtheowner/developerstodeterminethesiteconstraints,understandgeotechnicalrisks,andtoidentifydesignsolutions.


TheMinistryforBuilding,InnovationandEmploymenthaveproducedanumberofguidancedocumentsthatoutlinevariousgeotechnicalandfoundationoptionsthatcanbeconsideredforresidentialdevelopmentandareconsideredtobeanacceptablesolution.Foundationoptionswillvaryandaretypicallycontrolledbytheliquefactionhazard,riskoflateralspreading,andthebearingcapacityoftheinsitugroundconditions.Guidanceisnowavailableonassessingandmitigatingtheriskofrockfall.


‘TheNewZealandGeotechnicalDatabase’hasbeenestablishedtoprovideavaluableresourceforgeotechnicalengineerstoreviewexistinggeotechnicaldataofanareaandreviewtheearthquakeperformanceofland.Thedatabasealsocontainsrecordsofsurveys,peakgroundaccelerationsinthevariousearthquakes,groundwatermodels,floodhazardmodelling,geologicalmapping,activefaultmapping,aerialphotographytakenaftereachofthesignificantearthquakes,andmore.


MethodsofdeepgroundinvestigationincludedeepboreholeswithSPTtesting,DMT,MASW,groundradar,andCPTtesting.TherearealsospecialistdeepgroundimprovementcontractorsoperatingintheCitythatcanprovidebespokegroundimprovement/densificationsolutionstomitigatethepresenceofsoftorliquefiablegroundconditions.

Civil Engineering

WehaveseenmanychangestoCivilEngineeringdesignspecificationsandconstructionstandardsMostaredirectlyrelatedtothegeotechnicalclassificationofthelandTC1,TC2andTC3orequivalentandthedesignedresilienceofthestructuresinaspecifiedSLS(StaticLimitState)andULS(UltimateLimitState)event.

Civil Engineering

ExamplesDrainage-useoftractiveforcesewerdesignusingminimumgradesandflowratestoprovideformoreshallowsewers<2.5mUsecollectorsewersandliftstationstocompensateformaximumdepthspecificationforsewersandpumpstationsConstructionofwrappedgravelraftstosupportinfrastructureincludingpipelinesandmanholestructuresWrappingofpipejointsProvisionofyieldjointconnectionstosolidinfrastructure,interruptionofconcretehaunchedyieldjointsandcorbelswithsoftjointUseofshortpipesandlongsocketsasyieldjointsUseofpressuresewersinsoftgroundUseofPEpipe-moreresilientthanuPVC

Civil Engineering

ExamplesRoadingIncreasedpavementdepthsReinforcedmetalcourseconstruction-geogridFlexiblepavements–polymerasphaltsolutionsEarthworksTC2–TC3Groundimprovement-deepcompaction-impactrollingGrounddensification–stonepiling–groutingandcementstabilisationBuildingFoundationsTC2–TC3RibraftPiling–timber,concete,screwpilesFootingsbackfilledwithhardfillCostAllmeasuresareaddingsignificantlytothecost

Thank you

Questions?

development and construction planning lessons learned from … · 2018-04-12 · canterbury...

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