development and implementation of new … · 1. eurocontrol, “swiftbroadband capabilities to...

1

DEVELOPMENT AND

IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW

ARCHITECTURE FOR ROBUST SDU

WITH SDR FOR AIRBORNE NETWORK

Joe Zambrano, Eric Zhang, Omar Yeste, René Jr. Landry and

Victor Gheorghian

DASC 2016September 27, 2016

COM 2 AAvionics Communications Infrastructure

2016 IEEE/AIAA 35th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

Agenda

1.Introduction

2.Background

3.Scenario and architecture

4.Implementation

5.Results

6.ConclusionDASC 2016 Development and implementation of new architecture for robust SDU with SDR for airborne network 2

1. Introduction

Context of the Work

3DASC 2016 Development and implementation of new architecture for robust SDU with SDR for airborne network

AVIO-505 Project

• “Software defined radios for highly integrated system architecture”

• Objectives:

– Integration of navigation, communication and

surveillance systems under a single universal

reconfigurable platform

– Demonstrate the capabilities and performance

of SDR in aerospace

– Address new regulatory initiatives (NextGen)

• Partners:

– Academic: ETS, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, UQAM

– Industrial: Bombardier, MDA, Marinvent Corporation

1. Introduction

Motivation

4Development and implementation of new architecture for robust SDU with SDR for airborne network

• Need of high data rate and low latency.

• New architectures for high QoE

• Flexible development.

• Low cost implementation, configuration and

maintenance.

• Takes into account the increase in air traffic.

• Takes advantage of reduced distances between A/Cs.

• Introduce Airborne Network in civil aviation.

DASC 2016

1. Introduction

Objective


• To develop and implement a new architecture for robust Satellite Data Unit

with Software Defined Radio for Airborne Network.

A/A

A/G

A/S

S/G

GS GS

A/G

A/G

A/G

A/SA/S

A/S

S/G

A/A

A/A

A/A A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/AA/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

Space Segment

Air Segment

Terrestrial Segment

Airborne Network

Links

A/G: Air-to-Ground

A/S: Air-to-Space

S/G : Space-to-Ground

A/A: Air-to-Air

GS: Ground Station

6

2. Background

Satellite Data Unit (SDU)

• Typical SAA consists of an ARINC 781/791 SDU

• All SatCom signals are treated by the SDU

• SDU is an essential part of an A/C's SatCom system

SatCom Avionic Architecture (SAA)

DASC 2016 Development and implementation of new architecture for robust SDU with SDR for airborne network

SDU

RFU

HPA

2. Background

Proposed Airborne Network


A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/A

A/G

A/S

A/S

S/G

Space Segment

Air Segment

Terrestrial Segment

Coverage

Area

GS GS

2. Background

Line-of-sight (LOS) between two A/C


We will assume 𝐴𝑙𝑡1 = 𝐴𝑙𝑡2 = 𝐴𝑙𝑡 and 𝑑1 = 𝑑2 = 𝑑, then:

𝒅𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟐𝒅 = 𝟐 𝑹+ 𝑨𝒍𝒕 𝟐 − 𝑹𝟐

If we consider, for both A/Cs, an average altitude of 10.67 𝐾𝑚

𝒅𝒎𝒂𝒙 ≈ 𝟕𝟒𝟏 𝑲𝒎.

SDU irradiating an approx. radius (𝑅𝑡 = 𝑑1) of 370 𝐾𝑚 in

omnidirectional form.

PTxGRx

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4500

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

X: 369.4

Y: 10.7

Maximum horizontal range Vs. altitude

Horizontal range for Tx and Rx (Km)

Altitude (

Km

)

X: 327.3

Y: 8.4

X: 399.3

Y: 12.5

FL410

FL350

FL290

2. Background

Line-of-sight (LOS) between two A/C

Rt ≈ 370 Km @ FL350

• Montreal - Paris (about 5500 km), it would be enough 8

A/Cs to cover avionic and passenger communications in

this airspace without using a satellite channel.

9

Montreal Paris

Rt

A/A

A/AA/A

A/AA/A

A/AA/A

A/GA/G

AN through of transatlantic flight Montreal-Paris


3. Scenarios and architecture

Scenario Simulation of AN model

2 GSs (6000 km).

GS communication range of 440 km (~ 240 nmi).

Width area of 2500 km

Absolute ceiling of 13.7 Km (FL450).

GEO satellite at 36000 km

Flight density: 40 - 800 A/Cs. (NATS Dec 2015 : ~25000 A/Cs in 24h)


01000 2000

3000 40005000 6000

1249

1249.5

1250

1250.5

12510

2

4

x 104

Distance (Km)

Scenario Simulation of Airborne Network

Distance (Km)

Alti

tude

(K

m)



Airborne Network connections

for 25 A/Cs 2D view


for 25 A/Cs 3D view


0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/A (black) and A/G (magenta) links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/S links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

02000

40006000

01000

20003000

0

10

20

Distance (Km)

A/A (black) and A/G (magenta) links 3D

Distance (Km)

Altitude (

Km

)

02000

40006000

01000

20003000

0

2

4

x 104

Distance (Km)

A/S (blue) and A/S decisional (red) links 3D

Distance (Km)

Altitude (

Km

)

02000

40006000

01000

20003000

0

10

20

Distance (Km)

A/A (black), A/G (magenta) links 3D and Tx/Rx range (Cyan)

Distance (Km)

Altitude (

Km

)

02000

40006000

01000

20003000

0

2

4

x 104

Distance (Km)

A/S (blue) and A/S decisional (red) links 3D

Distance (Km)

Altitude (

Km

)

A/S links : 84.00 %

A/S decisional links : 24.00 %

SatCom links : 60.00 %

A/S links : 84.00 %



12




for 50 A/Cs 2D view


for 100 A/Cs 2D view

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000


Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/S links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000


Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/S links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)


A/S links : 88.00 %



A/S links : 89.00 %



0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000


Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/S links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000


Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

1000

2000

3000A/S links 2D

Distance (Km)

Dis

tance (

Km

)

13








A/S links : 91.50 %



A/S links : 87.50 %


SatCom links : -1.50 %


Simulation model results

14

Number of Quantity

A/C 50 100 200 400

A/G links with GS1 2.559 5.201 10.205 20.565

A/G links with GS2 2.469 5.251 10.376 20.381

A/A links 32.103 130.483 520.956 2087.103

A/S links 44.972 89.548 179.417 359.054

A/S decisional links 21.829 63.937 160.724 360.163

SatCom links 23.143 25.611 18.693 -1.109

Mean value of the number of links vs. Number of A/Cs


Airborne Network is a promising solution


Simulation model results


100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

X: 241.8

Y: 5.009e-05

Number of A/Cs in the AN

Num

ber

of

links

X: 245.8

Y: 214.4

A/S links

A/S decisional links

SatCom links


Proposed Architecture

• 4 modules:

– QSPMM: QoS Policy Monitor Module

– A/G routing module

– DML: Decisional Module of Links

– AMM: Adaptive Modulation Module

16

Analog signal

ARINC 429/781

Ethernet iEEE802.3

RFU

HF/HFDL

VHF Voice

VHF

Datalink

VHF

VHF

HF

Wireless access

IFE head end

Non-Safety

Communications

FMS

MCDU

CMU/

ACARS

IRS

VoIP Server

Tunnel Server

AMS

Safety

Communications

ADS-B

ADS-C

A/G (A/S – A/A)

routing module

MQSPM

DCA /ADC

SDR

HPA

DML

AMM BSU

DLNA

Modular SDU architecture


SDU

4. Implementation

Lab bench configuration

17

S/G

Space Segment

Air Segment

A/S

GS

Terrestrial Segment

A/GA/A

A/C1

A/C2

• 4 USRP N210 with WBX daughterboards

• WBX: 40 MHz of bandwidth capability and frequency range: 50 MHz to 2.2 GHz)


4. Implementation

Adaptive Modulation Module

• AMM implemented in the SDU chooses the most suitable

modulation among differentially encoded:

–BPSK,

–QPSK,

–8PSK,

–16QAM

• SNR-based real time QoS.

• The error-correction code used in the system are

RS(255,223) and RS(255,191).


4. Implementation

A/G routing module

19

GUI for data transmission in A/C1

GUI for streaming video in A/C1


5. Results

Transmission and reception in outdoor

20

Distance BPSK QPSK 8PSK 16QAM Adaptive

15m

30m

50m

100m

150m

200m

250m

300m

400m

500m

AMM outdoor test results


5. Results

Transmission and reception in outdoor

21

BER curves of AMM

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4010

-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

Eb/No (dB)

BE

R

RS(255,223) DBPSK

RS(255,191) DBPSK

Uncoded DBPSK

RS(255,223) DQPSK

RS(255,191) DQPSK

Uncoded DQPSK

RS(255,223) D8PSK

RS(255,191) D8PSK

Uncoded D8PSK

RS(255,223) D-16QAM

RS(255,191) D-16QAM

Uncoded D-16QAM

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4010

-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

Eb/No (dB)

BE

R


6. Conclusion

• SDU prototype implemented into an SDR platform.

• Tx and rx of binary data, in real time.

• Adaptive coded modulation technique.

• Low cost implementation, configuration and maintenance.

• Takes into account the increase in air traffic.

• A/C-GS communication via A/A link or A/S-S/G.

• Promising AN for future communication in the air.


6. Conclusion

Future work

• Use of cognitive techniques

• New routing algorithms within for AN

• New prototyping SDR platforms

• More Lab and ground tests

• Flight Tests


7. References

1. EUROCONTROL, “SwiftBroadband capabilities to support aeronautical safety services - WP3: Airborne

architectures”. TRS064/04: European organisation for the safety of air navigation, 2005, 55 p.

2. Canavitsas, Â. “ Rádio Definido por Software & Evolução para o Rádio Cognitivo”. In Reunião do Grupo

Ad-Hoc de Propagação - ANATEL. Rio de Janeiro, may 2011.

3. J. Zambrano, O.A. Yeste-Ojeda, and R. J. Landry, “Simulation, optimization modeling for robust satellite

data unit for airborne network”, AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. Dallas, TX, Jun

2015.

4. USAF Airborne Network Special Interest Group, “Airborne network architecture” - System

Communications Description & Technical Architecture Profile, Version 1.1, Prepared by HQ ESC/NI17,

October 2004.

5. ICAO, “North Atlantic MNPS airspace operations manual”, Published on behalf of the North Atlantic

Systems Planning Group (NAT SPG) by the European and North Atlantic Office of ICAO, 2008

6. J. Brunton, NATS. “North Atlantic Skies – The gateway to Europe” , Surveillance operations, June 2014.

7. J. Zambrano, O.A. Yeste-Ojeda, and R. J. Landry, “Requirements for communication systems in future

passenger air transportation”, 14th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference.

Atlanta, GA, Jun 2014.

8. E.Alotaibi and B.Mukherjee, “A survey on routing algorithms for wireless Ad-Hoc and mesh networks”,

Computer Networks, Volume 56, Issue 2, 2 February 2012, Pages 940–965

9. Ettus Research, “WBX 50-2200 MHz Rx/Tx (40 MHz)”, April 2016.


6. Conclusion

References

Questions?

25

Thank you.

Contact us:

[email protected],

[email protected],

[email protected],

[email protected],

[email protected]


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