development of cost effective turbine for hilly areas
DESCRIPTION
Seminar Session 15TRANSCRIPT
DEVELOPMENT OF COST EFFECTIVE TURBINE FOR HILLY AREAS
A Tamil Chandran G Anil Jacob ChandapillaiFluid Control Research Institute Energy management Centre Fluid Control Research Institute Palakkad, India Thiruvanandapuram, India Palakkad, India [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Presented by A. TAMIL CHANDRAN
Fluid Control Research InstitutePalakkad, India
S15- Water Availability and Issues in Development of Hydro-power/Thermal Power
Introduction
• Hydropower is a very clean source of energy• In many of the hilly areas there are no electric
grids, good potential is available for the development of micro hydro power which can be used for local use
• Small scale hydropower can be used decentralised and be locally implemented and managed
TURBINE DEVELOPMENT • Small streams running in the hilly areas of Kerala state, especially where
there are no electric grids, exist good potential for development of micro hydropower for local use. Already some of the enterprising individuals are running such micro hydro turbines for electricity generation in a limited way, by sacrificing the safety standards.
• There is a necessity for introducing a cost effective, standard & reliable portable micro hydro turbine generator set for the rural application, since no reliable set is available in local market, except for some crude & locally manufactured sets or imported ones.
• For meeting this requirement a 10kw cross flow micro turbine is developed. The turbine has a Stainless steel runner of 150mm diameter and a width of 130 mm with guide vanes made of stainless steel. The turbine casting is made up of MS plate and shaft is made of carbon steel. Labyrinth seals and taper roller bearing are provided on the drive shaft. The prototype is design to develop 7.5kw on 35m head and a discharge of 160 m3/hr.
Specifications of the turbine
• Head in m 20-40 • Area of jet in sq. m 0.0155• Discharge 72-162 m3/hr • Runner diameter in mm 150• Speed in rpm 800-1200 • Runner width in mm 130• Number of blades 28
Turbine construction
• Simple in construction • Less number of parts like
Runner, guide wane, casing Easy construction Easy in maintenance
Turbine testingTesting for Runaway speed
Depending on the type of turbine, it can attain 2 or 3 times the nominal speed
Efficiency The efficiency guaranteed may be verified in accordance with the "International Code for the field acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines" (IEC 60041) or, if applied, in accordance with the "International Code for model acceptance tests" (IEC 60193).
Equipments used Sl. No EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS PURPOSE
1 Pump Flow - upto 450 m^3/HrHead – upto 100m
Water supply to test rig.
2 Electromagnetic Flow meter
Size - 6"15 -600m^3/hrUncertainty - +/- 0.3151 m^3/hr
Flow Measurement
3 Precision Pressure Guage
Range 0 – 100 mHead measurement Uncertainty - +/- 0.03% of
reading
4 Torque Transducer Range 0 - 1000 N-mUncertainty - +/- 0.26 of FS Torque Measurement
5 Tachometer Range 100-10000 RPMUncertainty - +/- 0.3 RPM
Turbine Shaft
Speed measurement
6 Dynamometer Range - 11 kw Intermittent Rating – 150% Loading instrument
Test Specification
• Test pressure : 50kpa to 500kpa
• Guide vane opening : 25%, 50%, 75% & 100%
• Testing for Runaway speed determination and turbine efficiency
Test loop
Cross flow turbine
Speed Vs Efficiency25% opening 50% opening
75% opening100% opening
Hill diagram at 25 % & 50 % guide vane opening
1612
8
8
8
8
20
12
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
20
20
20
20
20
20
2024
24
24
20
16
16
16
12
n11
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Q11
0.455
0.460
0.465
0.470
0.475
0.480
0.48528
28 24
2420
20
16
12
8
4
32
32
8
8
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
20
20
16
20
20
24
24
24
20
24
24
28
28
24
24
28
28
28
32
2828
28
24
24
24
20
20
20
20
16
16
n11
20 30 40 50 60
Q11
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.62
Hill diagram at 75 % & 100 % guide vane opening
44
44
44
40
40
40
40
40
36
3632
24
24
24
20
20
16
1612
128
28
48
28
28
28
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
36
36
36
36
36
28
28
24
n11
30 40 50 60
Q11
0.66
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.80
16
16
16
24
32
32
24
16
24
16
24
32
32
24
4040
48
24
24
32
32
40
32
24
24
32
32
32
40
40
48
48
5656
40
40
40
48
56
48
48
48
48
40
40
40
n11
30 40 50 60 70
Q11
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
PROJECT SITE & INSTALLATION
CONCLUTION
• maximum efficiency obtained is 55%• Condition for maximum efficiency is : Head of
8 m to 10.5 m in 100% guide vane opening• There is a further scope for improvement for
improving the efficiency by modifying the guide vane profiles. It is suggested to study the efficiency with different guide vane design for further improvement.
Thank You