development of railway lines and yards in budapest fleischer tamás institute for world economics...
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DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY LINES AND YARDS IN
BUDAPEST
Fleischer Tamás
Institute for World EconomicsCentre of Economic and Regional Studies
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
http://www.vki.hu/~tfleisch/ [email protected]
Urban Policies Design Laboratory, Politecnico di Milano Master Degree course in Urban Planning and Territorial Policies
Study trip Budapest in the topic of ‘Dismissed railway yards’Metropolitan Research Centre and Budapest University
of Technology and Economics Budapest, 4-5 April, 2013.
DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY LINES AND YARDS IN BUDAPEST
A short history of the Hungarian railways
A short history of the Budapest rail lines
About the role of rails in the freight transport of Budapest
A case: the once Danube-side Fright Station and its place
Apart from a very early attempt in 1827, 7,6 km elevated mono-railway Pest – Kőbánya [„stone-pit”]
…the first railway was opened in 1846 between Pest and Vác (to be continued towards Bratislava and Vienna) on the left side of the Danube
The „golden age of the railways” 1850-1910s
The „nightfall of the railways” 1920s-1980s
But the „renaissance of the railways” from the 1980s on didn’t arrive to Hungary yet…
(Source: Meinhard von Gerkan (1996) Renaissance der Bahnhöfe)
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
FROM THE PAST OF THE HUNGARIAN „TRANSPORT POLICY”
1848 Count Széchenyi – To place Budapest into a central position
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
„THE MESSAGE” OF THE RAILWAYS
Identity, Togetherness, Possibility to access, To become part of a network
All these functions gradually were emptied in the period of the modernisation.
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN RAILS
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Shift in dominance between different modes.
Time-to-time a new technology helped to create a new dominant transport mode.Source: Nebojsa Nakicenovic IIASA 1988
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Shift in dominance between different modes.
Time-to-time a new technology helped to create a new dominant transport mode.Source: Nebojsa Nakicenovic IIASA 1988
THE NEW ROLE OF THE RAILWAY STATIONS
The railway station as a node and a place in the same time
(Source: Luca Bertolini (1996) Nodes and places: complexities of railway station redevelopment)
The station as an inter-modal transport nodenode between railways of different directionnode between railways of different levelnode between the railways and the local transport facilities
The station as an activity pole within the city
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
To Vienna
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
To Vienna
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
To ‘Rijeka’
To Vienna
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’
Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
ABOUT THE ROLE OF RAILS IN THE GOODS TRANSPORT OF BUDAPEST
With the interconnecting railway line (1872-77) more stations began to develop
Two passenger stations were Kelenföld and Budapest-Ferencváros,
Budapest-Ferencváros Marhavásártér [=cattle-fair ground near the slaughterhouse], Dunaparti teherpályaudvar [=Danube-side freight station], and Kőbánya-hizlaló [=pig-farm, pig-„fattening”].
This whole area became the „stomach of Budapest” Mill-industry, Slaughter houses, Wholesale vegetables market etc.
19th century: need tofeed the growing localcity population with locally settled foodindustry (No possibility of meat transport, no cold storages.)
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
POSITION OF THE RAILWAY YARDS, BUDAPEST
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
Austro-Hungarian Rail Company, Western Station;
Southern Rail Company, Southern Station;
Northern Rail Company, Losonc Station
1872 on interconnecting rail
To Vienna
To ‘Lucenec’
To ‘Rijeka’Railway map of Budapest and surroundings
POSITION OF THE RAILWAY YARDS, BUDAPEST
POSITION OF THE RAILWAY YARDS, BUDAPEST
POSITION OF THE RAILWAY YARDS, BUDAPEST
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Tolnai Gábor (2012) Városi vasúti területek változásának és jelenlegi környezeti állapotának vizsgálata légifelvételek alapján. [=Analysis of the present environmental state and changement of urban railway territories using aereal photos] RS&GIS, Vol. II. No. 2. http://rsgis.hu/index.php/component/content/article/152
„[R]ecent and archive aerial photographs can be considered as ideal visual resources to follow and map the development and decline of railway zones, meanwhile actually available large-scale photos make possible to analyze and plot the environmental condition of these areas or to estimate the level of some special aspects of pollution. This paper deals with some possible methods of the above-presented survey. The base of the project was the trainee program of Interspect Kft, and the analyzed aerial photos are gathered from the Archive of the Institute and Museum of Military History and the database of Interspect Kft. The selected area is the neighborhood of Soroksári út, which was one of the most important concentrations of industrial and railway zones of Budapest.”
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Tolnai Gábor (2012) Városi vasúti területek változásának és jelenlegi környezeti állapotának vizsgálata légifelvételek alapján. [=Analysis of the present environmental state and change-ment of urban railway territories using aereal photos] RS&GIS, Vol. II. No, 2. http://rsgis.hu/index.php/component/content/article/152
Increasing railway area 1927-44; decreasing railway area 1945-2011
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Tolnai Gábor (2012) Városi vasúti területek változásának és jelenlegi környezeti állapotának vizsgálata légifelvételek alapján. [=Analysis of the present environmental state and changement of urban railway territories using aereal photos] RS&GIS, Vol. II. No. 2..http://rsgis.hu/index.php/component/content/article/152
Between the Ferenc József / Szabadság Bridge and Petőfi Bridge: Main Custom-House Ybl Miklós1870-74 new place, near Só tér, where thebig railway transport was not troubling. Rails besides and into the building. 1890s Sóház offices, Market Hall
1948-50 reconstruction, new university function.
Since Karl Marx Corvinus University for Economics and…
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Tolnai Gábor (2012) Városi vasúti területek változásának és jelenlegi környezeti állapotának vizsgálata légifelvételek alapján. [=Analysis of the present environmental state and changement of urban railway territories using aereal photos] RS&GIS, Vol. II. No. 2..http://rsgis.hu/index.php/component/content/article/152
Between the Ferenc József / Szabadság Bridge and Petőfi Bridge: Main Custom-House Ybl Miklós1870-74 new place, near Só tér, where thebig railway transport was not troubling. Rails besides and into the building. 1890s Sóház offices, Market Hall
1948-50 reconstruction, new university function.
Since Karl Marx Corvinus University for Economics and…
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Retrotéka 2011. február 20., vasárnap A Budapesti Közraktárak története http://retrostori.blogspot.hu/2011/02/budapesti-kozraktarak-tortenete.html
Hired competition and construction 1879-81 four public store-houses. 1883 Elevator house to handle grain transports between the Danube and the houses. 58 m high, four rail-tracks
1948 demolition of war-bombed Elevator-house and temporary store-houses. 1966 Nehru-park opened And CET when ?
CET seen from the entrance plaza looking across the Danube river image © romeodesign
rotterdam-based firm ONL [oosterhuis_lénárd] has recently completed 'CET', a mixed-use development in the center of budapest, hungary. standing for 'central european time' and the hungarian word for whale, this structure on the banks of the danube takes on the curving form of a whale's body. establishing a visual connection between the physically separated sides of buda and pest, the site returns riverside terraces to the city for the residents to frequent. the promenade will open to the neighboring budapest technical university and gellert hotel across the waterway. http://www.designboom.com/architecture/onl-oosterhuis-lenard-cet-budapest/
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Expo’95 Bridges into the future
From the late 1980s on winking out from behind the iron-curtain:Vienna-Budapest common expo was planned
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Expo’95 Bridges into the future
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Expo’95 ’96Bridges into the future
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Expo’95 ’96Bridges into the futureBetter communication
A CASE: THE ONCE DANUBE-SIDE RAILWAY YARD AND THE USE OF ITS PLACE
Expo’95 ’96Bridges into the futureBetter communication
Millennium city center on the place of the freight tracks
„Fal a folyóra” Vargha Mihály Építészfórum
THE ONCE DANUBE- SIDE RAILWAY YARD
27 000 wagons per day. Arnold, Balázs 19.4.2012. 11:00 Novoszibirszk-Inszkaja, one of the biggest railway yard in Russia. Report from Siberia. http://iho.hu/hir/napi-huszonhetezer-kocsi-120414
NO SUMMARY
„The great railway yards that used to service the industrial system have now lost their raison d'être after the relocation of industrial plants and the tertiary sector dynamics took over the city. These have become large abandoned brownfields or soon to be abandoned…”
Elena Mussinelli and Cristina Marchegiani (2012) La valorizzazione degli scali ferroviari dismessi: Il caso di Milano. Techne 2012 No. 3. pp. 196-205.
„Since 2005 these areas were the subject of several agreements between the City of Milan, State Railways SpA (FS) and the Lombardy Region, to examine various scenarios and the feasibility of their conversion, as confirmed in the draft of the new Territorial Government Plan (PGT), which identifies the Areas of Urban Transformation.”
This second step is totally missing here.
DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY LINES AND YARDS
IN BUDAPESTFleischer Tamás
Institute for World EconomicsCentre of Economic and Regional StudiesHungarian Academy of Sciences
http://www.vki.hu/~tfleisch/ [email protected]
Urban Policies Design Laboratory, Politecnico di Milano Master Degree course in Urban Planning and Territorial PoliciesStudy trip Budapest in the topic of ‘Dismissed railway yards’Metropolitan Research Centre and Budapest Universityof Technology and Economics Budapest, 4-5 April, 2013.
THANKS FOR YOUR KIND
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