development of sierra leone
DESCRIPTION
Development of Sierra Leone Content: 1.Brief history about Sierra Leone 2. Impact of the war 3. Development in economic context 4. Agricultural sector 5. Infrastructure and transportation 6. Social development: poverty and inequality 7.Human Development 8. Health 9. Education 10. Some development successTRANSCRIPT
Development of Sierra
Leone
Muhammad Maladoh Bah
BEED2013 Economic development
Content
Brief history about Sierra Leone
Impact of the war
Development in economic context
Agricultural sector
Infrastructure and transportation
Social development: poverty and inequality
Human Development
Health
Education
Some development success
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1787 1924 1930 1950 1960
Establishme
nt of
constitution
Brief history of Sierra Leone before independence 1787-1961
First western
settlement of
Sierra Leone
Discovery
of
diamonds
in kono
district
The great diamond rush
Sierra Leone becomes an independent state on 27April 1961
1991 1994 1995 2000 2001
• RUF takes over
diamond areas.
• The capital
Freetown is
threatened
RUF launch an invasion from Liberia
Sierra Leone hires private army
• UN expand peace keeping forces.
• Disarmament of rebels begin
• Security measures put in place
• The war ends
The civil war (1991-2001)
The lasting legacy of the civil war.
(1991-2001)
The lasting legacy of the civil war
Impact on development
Human rights violation
Poverty became
widespread
Poor quality of life
Human resource
development was
neglected:
Health centers and clinics were
looted and left unguided
Literacy rates fell below
32%
The civil war and its impact (1991-20001)
The war had traumatic consequences for sierra Leone
The civil war had a lasting impact on the socio-economic
and political order
the agricultural sector was badly affected
Poverty became widespread and acute
Living standards fell
Major sectors was destabilized
Infrastructure was down
The public health care sector was practically destroyed
Sierra Leone development
Economic Context
Agricultural and mineral sector drives the economy
Mining sector contribution to GDP is expected to rise from
4% in 2011 to 22% in 2013
Agriculture accounts for the largest GDP share, 42% in 2013
Agricultural sector employs 70% of labor force
Service sector has 28% share of GDP
GDP growth
Agricultural sector
Sierra Leone is predominantly an agricultural economy (42% GDP
share)
Improvements in agricultural sector after the war.
Suffers from rapid rural-urban migration by youths.
Agriculture has the potential to accelerate socio-economic development.
During the period 2014-2016 economy is expected to grow by 12%
driven by agriculture and construction.
Main employer (70% of current labor force)
Agriculture
Infrastructure and transportation
Social context: Poverty and inequality
Sierra Leone has made some progress in the socio-economic
indicators after the war
Significant challenges in socio-economic development
Sierra Leone Integrated household survey (SLIHS) 2011 indicate a
decrease in poverty from 66% in 2003 to 53.9% 2011
The decline in poverty was more in urban areas
Poverty MPI: Multidimensional poverty index
(%)0.439
Inequality Inequality
Inequality-adjusted HDI value
0.210
Source: UNDP (international human
development indicators)
Social context
Development relating to
social context
Poverty and
inequality
Youth challenges
Gender inequality
Human Development context
2010: 0.364
2011: 0.348
2012: 0.359
Source: UNDP
HDI trends (1980-2012)
Source: UNDP (Human
development report 2013)
Health
Healthcare is a serious issue that needs to be tackled quickly.
health care facilities has been reconstructed.
In 2007 Sierra Leone had the highest child mortality rate
Life expectancy is 48 years.
Child mortality has decreased from 302 deaths/1000 live births to 192
deaths/1000 live births.
Epidemic outbreaks such as cholera, yellow fever and continue to harm the
population.
On April 27, Sierra Leone started free health care for pregnant women, new
mothers and young children.
Health
Healthcare worker in a
clinicHospital in Freetown
Education
• Sierra Leone has managed to rebuild school.
• Successfully reintegrating majority of child-soldiers back into school
• There is a high demand for education.
• The government established the Education act in 2004,empahasising
the removal of school fees and compulsory education.
• Adult mean years of schooling is 3.3 years
Development success
Recent economic performance is strong
Self-sufficient administration of electoral system
Establishments of Saturday courts to tackle gender violence
Free health care for pregnant women and young mothers (2010)
Set up National youth commission (2010) to tackle youth unemployment
Rostow’s growth model
Traditional society
Pre-conditions for take-off
Take-off
Drive to maturity
High mass consumption
The situation of Sierra Leone can be
characterized as being in the second
stage (Pre-conditions for take-off)