UNESCAP

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UNESCAP

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1. Introduction

2. Target Road Safety Facility

3. Guideline/Manual for RSF

4. Survey Design and Application Plan

5. Discussion and Remark

UNESCAP

Background

- The AH project was initiated by the United Nations in 1959 with the

aim of promoting the development of international road transport

- 32 countries, 55 routes, 140,000km

- Huge amount of budget, human resource and

international agreements are required

- Are we ready to open the traffic ?

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Background

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Background Number of road traffic deaths 2010

RoK DPRK China Thailand Bangladesh India

Number of road traffic

deaths 6,784 2,614 275,983 26,312 17,289 231,027

Number of road traffic

deaths per 100,000

population

14.1 10.7 20.5 38.1 11.6 18.9

※Societal crash cost for a fatality is $5,800,000 (FHWA, 2008)

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Background

- Up to 34% of crashes can be reduced by improving

of the environment factors

- Road safety facility can make up for the defect of

roadway environment

- Every country has different roadway environment

and different type of facilities

- In order to make it upward leveling, technical standard of road safety

facility is required

UNESCAP

Purpose

– Development of the Technical Standards on the Road Safety Facilities

(RSF) to share in the AH 1 & 6

– Enhancement of the traffic safety level in the region

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“While developing the Asian Highway network, Parties shall give

full consideration to issues of road safety.”

INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON THE ASIAN HIGHWAY NETWORK

Annex II III. DESIGN STANDARDS OF ASIAN HIGHWAY ROUTES 10. Road safety

Make this article detail and prepare effectual action plan

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Research group

Korea expressway corporation UN-ESCAP

Director Dr. Cho, sungmin michael Dr. Yuwei Li

Researcher Dr. Kim, ducknyung Dr. Ishtiaque Ahmed

National experts for 6 countries

International consultant

- Dr. Greg smith (i-RAP)

- Prof. Lee, Seongkwan Mark (King Saud university)

National consultant

- Prof. Seo, wonho (Hanyang university)

- Prof. Park, shinhyung (Kyemyung university)

- Prof. Kim, dong-kyu (Seoul national university)

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Road Status of 6 countries

Country Primary

(km)

Class I

(km)

Class II

(km)

Class III

(km)

Below Class III

(km)

Other

(km)

Total

(km)

Bangladesh 0 72.00 1,553.00 94.00 22.00 0 1,740.00

China 7,271.74 1,068.12 3,082.15 547.94 4.49 0 11,974.45

DPRK 0 492.00 15.00 0 220.00 735.00 1,462.00

India 90.00 4,069.00 1,675.00 5,699.00 117.00 160.00 11,810.00

Republic of Korea 457.00 309.00 72.00 0 0 0 838.00

Thailand 182.00 3,049.00 1,723.00 155.00 2.00 0 5,111.00

Primary Class I Class II Class III

Description Access-controlled

Highways 4 or more lanes 2 lanes 2 lanes

Pavement Type Asphalt or Cement Concrete Double Bituminous

Treatment

Design Speed (km/hr) 120~60 100~50 80~40 60~30

Lane Width(m) 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.0~3.25

Structural Loading

(minimum) HS20-44

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Good examples for RSF

1 2

3 4

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Bad examples for RSF

1 2

3 4

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Road Safety Facility (RSF)

- Remove or redesign the obstacle

- Relocate the obstacle to a point where it is less likely to be struck

- Shield the obstacle with a longitudinal traffic barrier designed for

redirection or use a crash cushion to reduce impact severity

- Delineate the obstacle if the above alternatives are not appropriate

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A. Delineation system

B. Barrier system

C. Pavement system

D. Electronic signal system

E. Speed regulation / control system

F. Facility for crash

Target Road Safety Facility (candidate) -exclude Road signs & traffic signal

Delineation system

Delineator

Reflect type LED type

Chevron alignment

sign

Reflect type LED type

Raised pavement

marker

Delineator post

Color lane Reflection

mirror

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A. Delineation System

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A. Delineation System

Chevron sign

Delineator

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Barrier system

Median barrier

Rigid type Semi-rigid

type Flexible

type

Roadside barrier

Rigid type Semi-rigid

type Flexible

type

Protect head light

B. Barrier system

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B. Barrier system

Simi-rigid type

of median End

treatment

Protect head light

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Pavement system

Anti-skid pavement

Material addition

Material remove(gr

ooving)

Rumble strip

C. Pavement system D. Electronic signal system

Electronic signal system

Variable message

sign

LED warding

sign

Lane control sign

Variable speed limit

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C. Pavement system

Anti-skid pavement

(Grooving)

Anti-skid

pavement

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D. Electronic signal system

Variable

Message Sign (VMS)

Variable

Speed Limit (VSL)

LED warning sign

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E. Speed Reg/Ctr system

F. Facility for crash Facility for crash

Crash cushion

End treatment

Emergency stop facility

Emergency call

Speed Reg/Ctr system

Fixed type camera

Mobile type

camera

Section type

camera

Speed hump

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E. Speed Reg/Ctr system

Speed regulation

camera (fixed type)

Speed regulation

camera (mobile type)

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F. Facility for crash

Crash cushion

End treatment Channelization

End treatment

Emergency

Call

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Korean manual/guidelines :

Guidelines on the installation and maintenance of a road safety

facility (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Korea)

Volume 1 : Delineation system

- Delineator, Chevron alignment sign, Raised pavement marker,

Sign for obstacles and Delineator post

Volume 2 : Barrier system

- Barrier fence, Crash cushion, End treatment and Transition

Volume 3 : Rumble strip

- Milled, Rolled, Formed and Raised type

Volume 4 : Other road safety facility

- Lighting, Anti-skid facility, Anti-speeding facility, Reflect

mirror and emergency stop facility

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International manual/guidelines :

Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (AASHTO, 2009)

- NCHRP report 350

- NCHRP report 230

Road restraint systems (EU, 2010~2012)

- EN 1317-1 ~ EN 1317-5

- TD 49/07, Design manual for roads and bridges, etc (2007)

RISER Project (EU, 2003~2006)

Guidelines on the Installation and Maintenance of a Road Safety Facility (MLIT,

2012

Roadside Design Guide (AASHTO, 2011)

設計要領 第五集(交通安全施設編) (東/中/西 日本 高速道路 株式會社, 2006)

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Case study : MEDIAN BARRIER

Primary purpose is to prevent errant vehicles from crossing a median and

becoming involved in a potentially serious collision in the opposing lane of

traffic

Median barriers are used to separate through traffic from local traffic

They may also be used to separate high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes

from general purpose lanes

Definition

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Case study(MASH) :

MEDIAN BARRIER

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Case study : MEDIAN BARRIER

Three categories

Flexible : weak post W-beam guardrail systems and 3-strand cable systems

Semi-rigid : strong post blocked-out W/three-beam systems

Rigid : concrete barrier systems

Performance level selection

High percentage or large average daily number of heavy vehicles

Adverse geometrics (horizontal curvature)

Severe consequences of vehicular (or cargo) penetration into opposing

traffic lanes

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Case study : MEDIAN BARRIER

Rigid Type Median Barriers

Concrete safety-shape median barrier

(TL-4 for 810mm, TL-5 for 1070mm)

Single-slope concrete median barrier

(TL-4 for 810mm, TL-5 for 1070mm)

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Case study : MEDIAN BARRIER

Semi-rigid Type Median Barriers

Box-beam median barrier (DDD: 1.7m, TL-3) Strong post W-beam median barrier

(DDD: 0.6~1.2m, TL-2 & TL-3)

Modified three-beam median barrier (DDD: 0.3~0.9m, TL-4)

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Case study : MEDIAN BARRIER

Flexible Type Median Barriers

Weak-post, W-beam median barrier

(Design Deflection Distance: 2.1m, TL-2)

Three-strand cable (DDD: 3.5m, TL-3)

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Part 1 : Existing status of RSF for 6 countries

Purpose

To answer WHAT kind of road safety facility should be installed

Application plan

Survey

complete

Investigate

existing status

Match up with

roadway class

Set the target

for RSF

Technical consulting

National expert

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Part 1 : Existing status of RSF for 6 countries

Fill this form out with O / X Survey design

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Part 1 : Existing status of RSF for 6 countries

Class Ⅲ

Simple separation for

traffic flow

Class Ⅱ Median

Flexible type

Roadside barrier

Flexible type

Class Ⅰ

Median

Rigid type

Chevron sign

Rumble strip

Roadside barrier

Rigid type

80 ↓

Primary

Delineator

LED type

Chevron sign

LED type

Spot flex

VSL LCS

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Part 2 : Investigation of guidelines/manual for RSF

Purpose

To answer WHERE/WHEN suggested RSF should be installed

Application plan

Survey

complete

Review

guidelines/manuals

for each countries

Review

international

guidelines/manuals

Set the

technical standard

for RSF

Technical consulting

National expert Literature review

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Part 2 : Investigation of guidelines/manual for RSF

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To answer “WHAT”

Primary Class III ….

RoK

China

….

County

Classification

Minimum

Requirements Mandatory facilities

Optional facilities

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To answer “WHAT”

- Suggested result is oriented by survey performed by national expert

- Prepare the ‘PLAN B’ if collected data is insufficient

- Support from the quantitative safety leveling program (e.g. star rating)

Source : The Korea Transport institute

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To answer “WHERE / WHEN”

- Collect and compare manual/guidelines for each countries

- Possibility that some country have no manuals/guidelines

- PLAN B : review manual that already published (e.g. AASHTO)

Country

B

Country

C

Set the reasonable and acceptable guidelines

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To answer “HOW / WHY”

- How : Size, material, color

- Why : Performance evaluation

Treatment

Nu

mb

er o

f cr

ash

es

Time

Before

After

Crash reduction rate Actual crash test Simulation experiment

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To answer “HOW / WHY”

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To answer “HOW / WHY”

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Technical standard should be based on the political basis

not a theoretical basis

- Participation of stakeholders in AH project is key issue

- This research play important role for opinion coordination and agreement

Share the

research strategy

Draft version of

technical standard for

RSF Final version of

technical standard for

RSF

2015

2016

2017

Participation,

Feedback &

Coordination!

UNESCAP

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