diabetes basics
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DIABETES BASICS. Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning. All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help. Learning Objectives. Participants will be able to understand: What is diabetes? Why care at school is required - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
DIABETES CARE TASKS AT DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL:SCHOOL:
What Key Personnel Need to KnowWhat Key Personnel Need to Know
DIABETES CARE TASKS AT DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL:SCHOOL:
What Key Personnel Need to KnowWhat Key Personnel Need to Know
DIABETES BASICS
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org2
Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning
All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help.
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Participants will be able to understand:• What is diabetes?
• Why care at school is required
• Basic components of diabetes care at school
• Short and long term consequences of diabetes
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
What is Diabetes?
In diabetes:Body does not make or properly use insulin
Insulin is needed to:Move glucose from blood into cells for energy
If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results:
Energy levels are lowDehydrationComplications
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Type 1 Diabetes
• Autoimmune disorder
• Insulin-producing cells destroyed
• Daily insulin replacement necessary
• Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood
• Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org6
SYMPTOMS: increased urinationtirednessweight loss
Type 1 Diabetes
CAUSE: uncertain, both genetic and environmental factors
increased thirsthungerdry skinblurred vision
ONSET: relatively quick
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Type 2 Diabetes
Insulin resistance – first step
Age at onset: • Most common in adults• Increasingly common in youth
− overweight− inactivity− genes− ethnicity
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org8
Type 2 Diabetes
• some children show no symptoms at diagnosis
• others are symptomatic with very high blood glucose levels
SYMPTOMS:
ONSET: variable timeframe for children
tired, thirsty, hunger, increased urination
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org9
Diabetes is Managed,But it Does Not Go Away.
GOAL:Maintain target blood glucose
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org10
Diabetes ManagementConstant Juggling - 24/7
Insulin/ medication
with:
Physical activity
BG
BG
BG
and
Food intakeFood intake
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Diabetes Management
Routine Care:
• Many students will be able to handle all or almost all routine diabetes care by themselves
• Some students will need school staff to perform or assist with routine diabetes care
Emergency Care:
• ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event of an emergency situation
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Care in the Schools: School Nurses and
Others
A School nurse is most appropriate to: • Coordinate diabetes care• Supervise diabetes care• Provide direct care (when available)• Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health
care team
However, a school nurse is not always available.
Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist students:
• For both routine and emergency care • Including insulin and glucagon administration
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP)
• Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans
• Developed by student’s personal health care team and parent/guardian
• Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team
• Individualized
• Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team:- School nurse- Student - Parent/guardian- Other school personnel
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1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Where to Get More Information
American Diabetes Association 1-800- DIABETES
www.diabetes.org
National Diabetes Education Program/NIH
www.ndep.nih.gov
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