dictionaries in indonesia€¦ · a dictionary of teiwa papuan language of the timor‐alor‐...

22
Dictionaries in Indonesia

Upload: others

Post on 18-Aug-2020

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

Dictionaries in Indonesia

Page 2: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

Introduction• How can Dictionaria attract the best lexical materials out 

of the Indonesian linguistic context?• What sorts of lexical data will Dictionaria accept and 

from whom?– The villager dictionary?– The missionary dictionary?– The student dictionary?

Page 3: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

The villager dictionary

Page 4: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

A dictionary of TeiwaPapuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐

Pantar family 

• By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector, self‐taught bible translator

• Teiwa – Indonesian – English• ~ 4,000 headwords with egs• Accurate, well‐thought out 

orthography• Sensitive defining• Word classes copied from 

Indonesian/English dictionary• Roots and morphemes not  

segmented• Lots of religious vocabulary

Page 5: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

A dictionary of TeiwaPapuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐

Pantar family 

• By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector, self‐taught bible translator

• Teiwa – Indonesian – English• ~ 4,000 headwords with egs• Accurate, well‐thought out 

orthography• Sensitive defining• Word classes copied from 

Indonesian/English dictionary• Roots and morphemes not 

correctly segmented• Lots of religious vocabulary

Page 6: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

A dictionary of TeiwaPapuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐

Pantar family 

• By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector, self‐taught bible translator

• Teiwa – Indonesian – English• ~ 4,000 headwords with egs• Accurate, well‐thought out 

orthography• Sensitive defining• Word classes copied from 

Indonesian/English dictionary• Roots and morphemes not 

correctly segmented• Lots of religious vocabulary

Page 7: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

A dictionary of TeiwaPapuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐

Pantar family 

• By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector, self‐taught bible translator

• Teiwa – Indonesian – English• ~ 4,000 headwords with egs• Accurate, well‐thought out 

orthography• Sensitive defining• Word classes copied from 

Indonesian/English dictionary• Roots and morphemes not 

correctly segmented• Lots of religious vocabulary

Page 8: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

A dictionary of TeiwaPapuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐

Pantar family 

• By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector, self‐taught bible translator

• Teiwa – Indonesian – English• ~ 4,000 headwords with egs• Accurate, well‐thought out 

orthography• Sensitive defining• Word classes copied from 

Indonesian/English dictionary• Roots and morphemes not 

correctly segmented• Lots of religious vocabulary

Page 9: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

The missionary dictionary

Page 10: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• By Pieter Middelkoop (1895‐1973), a missionary who lived in Timor among the Atoni, published many linguistic and anthropological works:P. Middelkoop. 1950. Proeve van een Timorese Grammatica. Bijdragen tot Taal‐, Land‐ en Volkenkunde 106: 375‐517.

• Atoni is hardly an endangered language but there is no dictionary to‐date and Middelkoop’s work is by far the most thorough lexical record of any Timorese language.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

Page 11: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

Page 12: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor na'; Ind.: pegang = vasthouden

Page 13: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

kinu; nakinu naast nakinut = hij spuwt

Page 14: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

lamkou; Beb.: vgl.: namkoa = s.v. heester; Pipturus argenteus Forst. f.

Page 15: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

fafi faif

Page 16: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Atoni – Dutch (– Indonesian)• Often no explicit definition, 

meaning has to be read out of the accompanying example. 

• No word class designation.• Linnaean names for plants; 

though sometimes older designations. 

• Productive synchronic metathesis means that every root has two forms. 

• Middelkoop’s work includes many words from traditional religious practice and rites.

A dictionary of AtoniAustronesian language of Timor 

ton mnahas ma ton tnapu = een hongersnoodjaar

kifi = in koppensnellersritueel

Page 17: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

Conclusions I• How can Dictionaria attract the best lexical materials out 

of the Indonesian linguistic context?– The best lexical materials are rarely from linguists, let alone 

lexicographers.– The best lexical materials are rarely in the optimal format for 

Dictionaria. – There will need to be accommodation of materials from 

different sources in order to publish the best lexical materials that are available.

Page 18: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

• Brilliant dictionary borne of several decades work.

• Concentrated on sensitive, in‐depth word‐defining:Andy: “It’s not about the number of headwords in a dictionary. You don’t want single‐word definitions.”

• Printed in Thailand with a lovely sown binding at enormous cost and waste.Andy actually paid for 1000 copies but just 250 shipped; rest pulped.

• There is a very real danger that Dictionaria will miss out on the best dictionaries because of the strong compulsion of authors to have them in book form.

A dictionary of KalamPapuan language of the Madang family 

Page 19: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

Conclusions I• How can Dictionaria attract the best lexical materials out 

of the Indonesian linguistic context?– The best lexical materials are rarely from linguists, let alone 

lexicographers.– The best lexical materials are rarely in the optimal format for 

Dictionaria. – There will need to be accommodation of materials from 

different sources in order to publish the best lexical materials that are available.

– Possible twinning with Language Science Press: parallel publication of book‐form dictionary for the best of the best materials from Dictionaria.

Page 20: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

The student dictionary

Page 21: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

The student dictionary

• In descriptive linguistics, there has been an emphasis on phonology/phonetics and (topics in) grammar for theses.– Writing a dictionary has been (implicitly?) seen as an insufficient 

achievement for a degree.

• You have more time as a PhD student, than any other time. 

• Students on fieldwork project collect on average between 1200 and 2000 lexemes, but rarely do much with them.

• In the last 5 years there have been 50 new grammars passed as theses on Indonesian languages.

Page 22: Dictionaries in Indonesia€¦ · A dictionary of Teiwa Papuan language of the Timor‐Alor‐ Pantarfamily • By Amos Sir, native speaker of Teiwa, English teacher, school inspector,

Conclusions II• Get ’em early!

– Create a Guide for students working on descriptions about how they can create lexical materials that are publishable* with Dictionaria during their fieldwork.

– Circulate the guide widely and push it to supervisors of fieldwork‐based theses. 

• If 1 grammar = 1 lexical database,  then lexico‐semantic typology would be in much better shape.

*subject to review