diet and wt management
TRANSCRIPT
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 1/33
DIET&
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT
LAU TZE CHING
DIETITIAN
QUEEN ELIZABETH HOSPITAL
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 2/33
Bagaimana MengawalKeseimbangan Berat Badan dan
Makanan?
Mengimbangkan kalori makanan yang dimakandengan keperluan kalori seseharian badan.
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 3/33
ENERGY BALANCE SCALE
ACTIVITY
BMR
CHO FAT
PROTEIN
INTAKE EXPENDITURE
WEIGHT GAIN STABLE WEIGHT LOSS
ALCOHOL
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 4/33
Apakah itu kalori?
Unit yang digunakan untuk tenaga
Contoh: Karbohidrat = 4 kal setiap gram
Perlu 200 kal untuk aktiviti berjalan
kaki satu pusingan di Taman Tun Fuad,Bukit Padang
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 5/33
CARBOHYDRATE1 g = 4 kcal
FAT
1 g = 9 kcal
PROTEIN1 g = 4 kcal
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 6/33
Diabetes Mellitus
Kandungan kalori untuk nasi,minyak masak dan gula ringkas
128g167 kal
3g pro40g karbo
10g90 kal0g pro0g karbo
10g40 kal0g pro10g karbo
Cawan = 250mlSudu makan = 10ml
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 7/33
Calorie and macronutrientcontent of “kueh-muih”
Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level● Third level● Fourth level● Fifth level
31g91 cal1.2g pro4.2g fat12.1g CHO
138g383 cal9g pro5g fat76g CHO
64g140 cal2.7g pro5.1g fat
20.9gCHO83g
133 cal2g pro1g fat29g CHO
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 8/33
Calorie content of fruits
Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level
● Third level● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level
● Third level● Fourth level
● Fifth level
150g53 cal2.3g pro0.1g fat
10.6g CHO
54g53 cal0.7g pro0.2g fat12.3CHO
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 9/33
Apakah itu pemakananseimbang?
PEMAKANAN SEIMBANG
Diet yang membekalkan semua zat-zat yangdiperlukan untuk kesihatan
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 10/33
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 11/33
Enjoy a variety of
foods ….
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 12/33
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 13/33
FIT OR FAT
Classification BMI (kg/m2)
Underweight <18.5
Normal range 18.5 – 24.9
Overweight 25.0 – 29.9
Obese I 30.0 – 34.9
Obese II 35.0 – 39.9
Extremely Obese
(Class III)
≥40.0
Classification of weight by BMI (WHO,
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 14/33
Keperluan kalori seharian
KEPERLUAN KALORI
Memberi tenaga untuk pelbagai aktiviti
Mengekalkan kesihatan tubuh badan
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 15/33
Daily Energy Requirements:
Underweight 35 - 45 kcal/kg/ dayNormal weight 30 - 35 kcal/kg/ dayOverweight 20 - 25 kcal/kg/ day
“Care should be taken to avoid excessenergy intake”
(Grade A)
Calories eaten should be balanced withphysical activity
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 16/33
Macronutrient Distribution
CHO : 50 – 60% of total calories
Protein: 15 – 20% of total calories
Fat: 25 – 30% of total calories
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 17/33
CALORIE REQUIREMENT Weight = 50 kg
Height = 150 cmBMI = 22.2 kg/m2 (Normal BMI)
Calorie requirements = 50 kg x 30 kcal/kg
= 1500 kcal/day
Carbohydrate intake = 50% total calorie
= 50% x 1500
= 750 kcal =187g
Protein intake = 20% total calorie
= 20% x 1500
= 300 kcal=75g
Fat intake = 30% total calorie
= 450 kcal =50g
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 18/33
Exchange list
1 exc CHO – 75kcal, 15g CHO, 2g protein, 0.5g
fat
1 exc fruit – 60kcal, 15g CHO
1 exc meat – 65kcal, 7g prot, 4g fat
1exc fish – 35kcal, 7g prot, 1g fat
1 exc sugar - 60kcal, 15g CHO
1 exc Fat – 45kcal, 5g fat
1 exc low fat milk – 125kcal, 12gCHO, 8g Prot,5g Fat
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 19/33
Foods required:
Food Exchange Energy(Cal)
Carbohydrates
(g)Proteins(g)
Fats(g)
Milk (low fat) 1 125 12 8 5
Fruits 2 120 30 0 0
Rice 9 675 135 18 4.5
Protein
Meat 4 260 0 28 16
Fish 4 140 0 28 4
Fat 5 225 0 0 25
Sugar 1 60 15 0 0
Vegetables 2
Total 1605 192 74 49.5
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 20/33
Milk & Dairy Products
Low-fat or fat-free milkor yogurt
=1 cup
Part-skim mozzarella
cheese
=1 1/2 ounces orabout 1/3 cup
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 21/33
Fruits
Apple, pear orbanana
=1 small
100 percent fruit juice
=1/2 cup
Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level● Third level● Fourth level● Fifth level
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 22/33
Rice, bread & grains
Cooked pasta or oatmealor rice
=1/2 cup
Whole-wheat bread
=1 slice
Whole-wheat crackers
=6 whole
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 23/33
Meat and beans
a portion of meat about thesize of a deck of cards is 3ounces.
Cooked skinless poultry or fish
=3 oz
Cooked lean meat = 1 ½ oz
Cooked legumes or dried beans
= ½ cup or 1 ice cream scoop
Egg = 1 medium
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 24/33
Vegetables
Raw leafy vegetables
=2 cups
Chopped, cooked orcanned vegetables
=1/2 cup
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 25/33
Distribution into meals:
Food TotalExchange
Breakfast(Exchange)
Lunch(Exchange)
Tea(Exchange)
Dinner(Exchange)
Milk (low fat) 1 1
Fruits 2 1 1
Rice 9 2 3 1 3
Protein
Meat 4 1 3
Fish 4 4
Fat 5 1 2 2
Sugar 1 1
Vegetables 2 1 1
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 26/33
Sample menu plan for 1500 kcal(50% CHO, 20% PROT, 30% FAT)
Food exchanges No. of exch Food portion Sample menu
Breakfast
-Cereal/grains
-Chicken
-Fat
-Low Fat Milk
2
1
1
1
2 pcs bread
1 boiled egg
1 tsp margarine
4 tbsp
2 pcs of sandwich with scrambled egg
1 box Low Fat Milk
Lunch
-Cereal/ grains
-Fish
-Vegetables
-Fat
-Fruit
3
4
1
2
1
1 ½ cup of rice
4 match box
½ cup (cooked)
2 tsp oil
½ guava
1 ½ cups of rice
4 match box of fish in soup
½ cup stir fried cabbage
½ pc guava
Plain water
Snack
-
Cereal/grains- Sugar
1
1
3 pcs plain crackers
1 tbsp
3 pcs plain crackers
1 cup of coffee/ tea with 1 tbsp of sugar
Dinner
-Cereal/ grains
-Chicken
-
Vegetables-Fat
3
3
1
2
1 ½ cup of rice
3 match box
½ cup (cooked)
2 ts oil
1 ½ cup of rice
3 match box of chicken tomyam
½ cup stir fried kangkung
R l l 3 l d
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 27/33
Diabetes Mellitus
Regular meals = 3 meals per day
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 28/33
IT’S YOUR CHOICE !
360 calories, 21 g fat 360 calories, 20 g fat
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 29/33
All in moderation
Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level
● Third level● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Portion control is a useful tool
to help you maintain a healthyweight
>>> Size
Choose more low-calorie foods,such as fruits and vegetables,
you'll get the nutrients youneed, feel satisfied
>>> reduce the number
of calories you consume.
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 30/33
EXERCISEToo much energy containing foods you will become
overweight.Try taking more exercise to "burn off" some of the excessfood which you ate at you last meal
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 31/33
Diabetes Mellitus
2.5 - 4.9 cal/min 2.5 - 4.9cal/min2.5 - 4.9cal/min
How much calories we used ?
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 32/33
Diabetes Mellitus
5.0-7.4cal/min 5.0-7.4cal/min 5.0-7.4cal/min
How much calories we used ?
8/9/2019 Diet and Wt Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/diet-and-wt-management 33/33