Diet & Lifestyle for Cancer Diet & Lifestyle for Cancer SurvivorsSurvivors

Nancy Steedman, RD, CDNancy Steedman, RD, CD

Franciscan Oncology ServicesFranciscan Oncology Services

Scientists suspect that the same dietary changes recommended for cancer prevention may also help fend off both recurrent and secondary cancers.

“Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective”The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research 2008 Update

Cancer survivorship research is still in its

infancy!

AICR Diet & Lifestyle GuidelinesAICR Diet & Lifestyle Guidelines

Achieve a healthy Achieve a healthy weightweight

Be physically activeBe physically active

Choose a diet rich in Choose a diet rich in plant based foodsplant based foods

Select foods that are Select foods that are low in fat and saltlow in fat and salt

Drink alcohol in Drink alcohol in moderation, if at allmoderation, if at all

Aim to meet you Aim to meet you nutritional needs with nutritional needs with whole foodswhole foods

All cancer survivors should receive nutritional care from a trained professional (Registered Dietitian)

What’s Your Number?What’s Your Number?BMI = Body Mass IndexBMI = Body Mass Index

Ideal = 19 to 25Ideal = 19 to 25

Underweight = < 18 Underweight = < 18

* Overweight = 25-30* Overweight = 25-30

* Obese = 30+* Obese = 30+* A weight loss of as little as 10% of your current weight

will improve your health & reduce your risk!

Alarming Health EpidemicAlarming Health Epidemic

Nearly 60% of the Nearly 60% of the adult population is adult population is overweight or obeseoverweight or obese

Obesity levels in our Obesity levels in our state have doubled in state have doubled in the last 10 yearsthe last 10 years

Rapid increase Rapid increase childhood obesity and childhood obesity and related illness related illness 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Overweight

PierceCounty

WA State

Causes of Weight GainCauses of Weight Gain

Aging Aging Loss of lean body massLoss of lean body mass Increasing portion sizesIncreasing portion sizes Treatment related fatigue Treatment related fatigue Psychological Psychological Poor body imagePoor body image Sedentary lifestyleSedentary lifestyle Calories In > Calories OutCalories In > Calories Out

What are your roadblocks?What are your roadblocks?

SStay Hydratedtay HydratedEven mild dehydration can increase fatigue!Even mild dehydration can increase fatigue!

Drink clean water!!!!!Drink clean water!!!!! Drink tea & coffee, in moderationDrink tea & coffee, in moderation Drink 100% fruit juice, in moderationDrink 100% fruit juice, in moderation Drink low fat dairy/milk alternativesDrink low fat dairy/milk alternatives

DO

DON’T Drink sugary drinks like sodaDrink sugary drinks like soda Drink Juice flavored beveragesDrink Juice flavored beverages Drink beverages that contain high fructose corn Drink beverages that contain high fructose corn syrupsyrup

Phytochemicals =Phytochemicals =“Phyto” = Greek for plant“Phyto” = Greek for plant

How to recognize?How to recognize?

1. Color1. Color

2. Odor2. Odor

3. Flavor3. Flavor

Plants develop these “protective chemicals” to Plants develop these “protective chemicals” to protect themselves from:protect themselves from:

Sunshine/Rain/DroughtSunshine/Rain/Drought Bacteria/bolds/virusesBacteria/bolds/viruses Temperature extremesTemperature extremes Insects and other predatorsInsects and other predators Attract insects for pollinationAttract insects for pollination

They can pass this protection on to YOU!!!

Mix it UP & Live it UP!!!Mix it UP & Live it UP!!!

Purple, Red, Yellow, Orange Purple, Red, Yellow, Orange & Green Fruits and & Green Fruits and VegetablesVegetables

Cruciferous Vegetables Cruciferous Vegetables Leafy Green VegetablesLeafy Green Vegetables Mushrooms, Garlic & OnionsMushrooms, Garlic & Onions Whole Grains Whole Grains Dry Beans and PeasDry Beans and Peas Nuts & SeesNuts & Sees Herbs & SpicesHerbs & Spices

Arsenal of ProtectionArsenal of ProtectionWhole food with Fiber = Immune BoostingWhole food with Fiber = Immune Boosting(80% of your immunity starts in your GUT!)(80% of your immunity starts in your GUT!)

Eat Like Your AncestorsEat Like Your AncestorsJapanese Mediterranean

Native Americans African

Practical Tips for Increasing Practical Tips for Increasing Phytochemicals and FiberPhytochemicals and Fiber

Eat the colors of the rainbow every dayEat the colors of the rainbow every day Eat fruits and vegetables at every meal and Eat fruits and vegetables at every meal and snack (Clean and prep once a week)snack (Clean and prep once a week) Try something new for meals (see handout) Try something new for meals (see handout) Clean out your cupboards – start FRESHClean out your cupboards – start FRESH Stock up on herbs and spicesStock up on herbs and spices Shop for seasonal produce (Farmer’s Markets, U-Pick) Shop for seasonal produce (Farmer’s Markets, U-Pick) or start a small gardenor start a small garden Combine the “best and most affordable” of fresh, frozen,Combine the “best and most affordable” of fresh, frozen, canned in its own juice, dried canned in its own juice, dried Keep a record of your Daily Choices & compare to goals Keep a record of your Daily Choices & compare to goals

““FAB” FOURFAB” FOUR

FFitnessitness PhytochemicalsPhytochemicals FiberFiber Healthy FatsHealthy Fats

FAT FACTSFAT FACTS(Concentrated Calories)(Concentrated Calories)

Disease PromotingDisease Promoting(high in Saturated fat and (high in Saturated fat and Omega 6 fat)Omega 6 fat)

• Have legs and a motherHave legs and a mother• Tropical OilsTropical Oils• Trans Fatty AcidsTrans Fatty Acids• Omega 6 Vegetable OilsOmega 6 Vegetable Oils

Disease ProtectiveDisease Protective(high in Omega 3 and (high in Omega 3 and monounsaturated fat)monounsaturated fat)

• Fats from Plants (even more Fats from Plants (even more phytochemicals!)phytochemicals!)

• Wild, cold water fishWild, cold water fish

Cooking & Serving MeatsCooking & Serving Meats Avoid high temperaturesAvoid high temperatures If you must BBQ, marinade If you must BBQ, marinade

meats or grill vegetables/fruitmeats or grill vegetables/fruit Stew meats at low Stew meats at low

temperatures temperatures (crock-pot (crock-pot cooking or poaching)cooking or poaching)

Practice portion controlPractice portion control

3 oz = size of computer mouse or 3 oz = size of computer mouse or deck of cards and use meat as a deck of cards and use meat as a garnishgarnish

“Double Whammy!”

Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all.

1 cocktail = 1.5 oz 80 proofspirits

1 regular beer =12 oz.

5 oz wine

*resveratrol = grape juice

Aim to meet you nutritional needs Aim to meet you nutritional needs primarilyprimarily through dietthrough diet

UnlessUnless you are diagnosed with a nutrient deficiency by a trained you are diagnosed with a nutrient deficiency by a trained professional, dietary supplements are NOT currently recommended professional, dietary supplements are NOT currently recommended for cancer prevention or survivorsfor cancer prevention or survivors

A multivitamin/mineral supplement with 100% RDI is acceptableA multivitamin/mineral supplement with 100% RDI is acceptable

Studies of individual vitamin and mineralsupplements for cancer protection have been disappointing so far!

•See handout on “Site Specific DietRecommendations for Survivors”

Beware of “Miracle” or Beware of “Miracle” or “Breakthrough” Cures“Breakthrough” Cures

There is NO ONE MIRACLE FOODThere is NO ONE MIRACLE FOOD There are NO PROVEN PILLS OR There are NO PROVEN PILLS OR

POWDERSPOWDERS

Research keeps coming back to the same key. . .

1. Variety of Plant Foods2. Balance & Moderation3. Scientific Consensus

(see Reputable References handout)

These are general guidelines but These are general guidelines but YOU ARE A UNIQUE INDIVIDUAL!YOU ARE A UNIQUE INDIVIDUAL!

AICR Final Guideline:

“All cancer survivors shouldreceive nutritional care froma trained professional.”

Celebrate every day and give thanks for the gifts of family, friends, faith and healthy food