difference between speed and velocity
DESCRIPTION
Difference between speed and velocity. Objectives. 1 . Define velocity 2 . Differentiate between speed and velocity 3 . Explain the difference between instantaneous and average speed and velocity 4 . Determine average velocity - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Difference between speed and velocity
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Objectives
• 1. Define velocity• 2. Differentiate between speed and velocity• 3. Explain the difference between instantaneous
and average speed and velocity• 4. Determine average velocity• 5 Use position-time graphs to determine
instantaneous and average velocities• 6. Write the equation of motion for average
velocity
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VELOCITYDifference between speed and velocity
- Velocity is different than speed.- While speed describes only how fast
an object is moving, velocity gives both magnitude and direction.
- For example, "5 meters per second" is the speed of a moving object ,whereas "5 meters per second east" is a vector.
- Does this sound familiar?• Explain.
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Things to agree on:- Displacement = ∆d= df – di- Time interval= ∆t= tf – ti- For a uniform motion:1. The position time graph is a straight line 2. Slope= displacement/time
= ∆d/ ∆t . _3. Average Speed= s =absolute value of the slope.4. Average speed= distance /time _
4. Average Velocity= v=slope.5. y- intercept= initial vector position .6. A steeper line represents a greater speed and
velocity ( as shows fig 2-20 p:43 on your textbook)
Application:
7. Find the average speed, average velocity and initial vector position of the moving object whose motion is represented by the figure at the right.
Write an equation representing the motion.
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APPLICATION
• Find the average speed, velocity and initial vector position of the motion represented by the following position-time graph.
• Write the equation of the motion
• Solve question p 45 no.27
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Look at the following motion diagrams representing the motion of two cars
1. Plot the position-time graph for each car.2. Find the slope for each line.
-------------------------------------3. What is the speed for each motion
--------------------------------------4. What is the velocity for each motion.
---------------------------------------5. Find the initial vector position for the
two cars. Write the equation of motion for each car.---------------------------------------
6. Where and when the two cars meet?------------------------------------------------
Application:7. Find the average speed, average velocity
in figure 2-21 page 44 in your textbook.8. Draw a corresponding motion- diagram
for the moving object.
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Difference between velocity and speed
Conclusion:To have a constant velocity, an object must have :
1. constant speed 2. motion in a constant direction.
Constant direction means a straight line and constant orientation.
ApplicationThe figure at the right shows the motion of a car in a roundabout. Conclude.
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Conclusion
• Speed is how fast an object moves. It only has a magnitude. It is a scalar In a position-time graph of a linear uniform motion, the average speed is the absolute value of the slope.
• Velocity is the speed of an object in a given direction. It has a magnitude and direction. It is a vector. In a position- time graph, the average velocity is equal to the slope.
• Application:Solve Questions p:45 no.35,26 & 27 + p53 no.49-51
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The following Diagram represents the motions of two moving objects. Answer the below questions.
1. What type of motion is represented by each object?
---------------------------------------2. Calculate the average speed of
each object----------------------------------------3. Do the two objects have the same
velocities? Explain.
-----------------------------------------4. Calculate the instantaneous
speeds for each object between 0.1 s and 0.2 s.
-------------------------------------------------5. Conclude.-------------------------------------------------
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Difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity
Average velocity _
• Average speed= s = distance
time__V= displacement/time= ∆d/∆t• Is the average velocity
during the whole path• It has the direction of the
motion
Instantaneous velocity• Represents the velocity at a
particular moment.
• It has the speed and direction of the moving object at a certain moment.
Assessment:Solve questions II and III
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Uniformly accelerated motion
•Velocity is not kept constant•Velocity –time graph is a straight line•Slope= velocity change= time interval =∆v=aceleration (m/s2) ∆t• equation: _ V= at+ vi
Application:Find the equation of velocity of the motion represented in the figure, Find velocity at t= 1 s.Find the time when velocity is 12 m/s.
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Application
• Find the equation of velocity of the motion represented in the figure.
• Find velocity at t= 1 s.• Find the time when
velocity is 12 m/s.
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Look at the following diagram and answer the below questions
1. Find the average speed of object A and B-----------------------------------2. Represent the average velocity for A and B by
corresponding vectors.3. Find the instantaneous velocities at instant 0.1
and 0.5 s for every object. Conclude.------------------------------------------4. What type motion is represented by each
object?--------------------------------------------5. Calculate the value of the velocities at instant
0.1-0.5 s for each object-----------------------------------------------6. Draw for each object the position-time graph7. Draw for each object the velocity-time graph.8. Find the acceleration for each object9. Write the equation of motion for object A-----------------------------------------------------------------10. Write the equation of each object.-----------------------------------------------------------------11. Write the equation of motion of object B------------------------------------------------------------------
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Uniformly accelerated motion
• Velocity is not kept constant• Velocity –time graph is a straight line• Slope= acceleration
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Equation of a Linear uniform motion
• Position time graph line of best fit: -------------• Position-time relationship: ----------------------• Equation: ----------------------------------
where: the average velocity represents --------and the initial vector position represents -------
So the equation would be:Application: Find the equation of the the motion represnted by the
previous graph.Solve page 53 no 54
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For next time:
• Continue solving the worksheet• Download PowerPoint presentation on your
macbook from wikispaces.• Quiz next lesson sections 1.3 and 2.2• Homework page 53 no.56 & 57