differences between dna and rna
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11/22/2015 Differences between DNA and RNA
http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/differencesbetweendnaandrna/ 1/3
August 14, 2015Posted by Sagar Aryal
Differences between DNA and RNA
Differences between DNA and RNAHere are 17 differences between DNA and RNA.
S.N. DNA RNA
1.DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.The sugar portion of DNA is 2Deoxyribose.
RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. The sugarportion of RNA is Ribose.
2.The helix geometry of DNA is of BForm(A or Z also present).
The helix geometry of RNA is of AForm.
3.DNA is a doublestranded molecule RNA usually is a singlestrand helix
11/22/2015 Differences between DNA and RNA
http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/differencesbetweendnaandrna/ 2/3
consisting of a long chain of nucleotides. consisting of shorter chains of nucleotides.
4.The bases present in DNA are adenine,guanine, cytosine and thymine.
The bases present in RNA are adenine,guanine, cytosine and uracil.
5. DNA is selfreplicating.RNA is synthesized from DNA on an asneeded basis.
6.Base Pairing :AT (adeninethymine)GC (guaninecytosine).
Base Pairing :AU (adenineuracil)GC(guaninecytosine).
7.Purine and Pyrimidine bases are equal innumber.
There is no proportionality in between thenumber of Purine and Pyrimidine bases.
8. DNA is susceptible to UV damage.Compared with DNA, RNA is relativelyresistant to UV damage.
9.Hydrogen bonds are formed betweencomplementary nitrogen bases of theopposite strands (AT, CG).
Base pairing through hydrogen bonds,occurs in the coiled parts.
10.DNA is found in the nucleus of a cell andin mitochondria.
Depending on the type of RNA, this moleculeis found in a cell’s nucleus, its cytoplasm,and its ribosome.
11. DNA can’t leave the nucleus. RNA leaves the nucleus (mRNA).
12.
The CH bonds in DNA make it fairlystable, plus the body destroys enzymesthat would attack DNA. The small groovesin the helix also serve as protection,providing minimal space for enzymes toattach.
The OH bond in the ribose of RNA makesthe molecule more reactive, compared withDNA. RNA is not stable under alkalineconditions, plus the large grooves in themolecule make it susceptible to enzymeattack.
13. Renaturation after melting is slow. It is quite fast.
14.DNA is only two types: intra nuclear andextra nuclear.
Three different types of RNA: mRNA, tRNAand rRNA.
15. Its quantity is fixed for cell. The quantity of RNA of a cell is variable.
16. It is long lived.Some RNAs are very short lived while othershave somewhat longer life.
Functions:Used to transfer the genetic
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17.Functions:Longterm storage of geneticinformation; transmission of geneticinformation to make other cells and neworganisms.
code from the nucleus to the ribosomes tomake proteins. RNA is used to transmitgenetic information in some organisms andmay have been the molecule used to storegenetic blueprints in primitive organisms.
Differences between DNA and RNA
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Sagar AryalI am Sagar Aryal, a passionate Microbiologist and the Scientific Blogger. I am currently involved inmy Master's Degree (Microbiology) Thesis and working as a trainee at St. Xavier's College,Kathmandu, Nepal. I am particularly interested in research related to Medical Microbiology andVirology. Find me on Facebook, Twitter or Linkedin !!!