different spinning techniques

WELCOMEto the

PRESENTATION ON Different spinning techniques

Course no – te 3101course title – yarn manufacturing engineering-|

department of Textile engineeringKhulna university of engineering and

technology

Muhi Uddin AhmedID - 1221055

Rajib KabirajID - 1221059

Md. Enamul HaqueID - 1221006

Akash SarkerID - 1221004

Presented by-

NAJMUL HOSSAIN RIMONID - 1221058

Bijay Kumar ID - 1221049

Mr. JOY SARKARLecturer

DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING KHULNA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Presented to -

Content of the presentation-

Machinery used and arrangements Product speciality of each technique Property of products of each technique Price comparison among the set up and products of each technique Manufacturers and suppliers for different spinning techniques Recent developments of the spinning techniques

Spinning Techniques

Spinning is the first steps of textile product processing. The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning. There are various types of spinning techniques for producing various types of yarn.

Different Spinning Techniques

Here are various spinning techniques –

Ring and traveller spinning

Open end spinning

Self-twist spinning

Twist-less spinning

Core spinning

Different Spinning Techniques

This is a system for yarn formation involving either continuousfelting or the permanent or temporary adhesive bonding of fibers together to form a continuous length.

TWISTLESS SPINNING TECHNIQUES


In twistless systems liquid or powdered polymer adhesives are applied to sliver

The adhesive activated by heating or steam to cause the individual fibers to adhere to one another

In some systems, after textile substrate formation from the twistless yarns the adhesive is removed to improve the aesthetics of the resulting textile

Adhesives used include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol. and starch

CHARACTERISTICS


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MACHINERY USED AND ARRANGEMENTS


During spinning (figure) the prepared sliver is firstwetted out by passing it through a water bath afterwhich it is drafted using a conventional high draftthree roller system.

A false twister immediately after the front roller keeps the fibres together as they pass through the drying unit, after which the yarn is packaged.

MACHINERY USED AND ARRANGEMENTS


The product speciality of this technique is that finer yarns can be spun from coarser fibres, as coarser fibres are generally less expensive.

In this process, cotton and pure synthetic fibres can be processed, and so can blends.

The range of fibre linear density lies between 1.4 and 6 dtex, with staple lengths in the range 30-80 mm

PRODUCT SPECIALITY


The yam is not round but flat and therefore gives an end product with high covering power

The yam is stiff with low elongation

The evenness corresponds to that of ring-spun yam

The wet-ability of twist-less yarn fabrics are comparatively high than normal fabrics

The twist-less yarn is very bulky than a normal twisted yarn

PROPERTY OF PRODUCTS


In this method, which is used on machinery made by Signaalapparaten, of Holland.

The Suppliers of this machinery is “the Vezelinstitut TNO” Holland.

MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

OPEN END SPINNINGDefinition:

Open-end spinning or break spinning is a process in which fibrous material is highly drafted, ideally to the individual fiber state, creating a break in the continuum of the fiber mass. The individual fibers are subsequently collected onto the open end of a yarn that is rotated to twist the fibers into the yarn structure to form a continuous yarn length. The length of yarn spun is then wound to form a package. Thus, the twisting action occurs simultaneously but separately from winding.

Techniques :A number of spinning techniques exploit the OE method,18but only two have achieved commercial success: rotor spinning and friction spinning. Of the two, rotor spinning is the more widely used commercially, because a wider range of yarn counts can be spun with suitable yarn properties

Twist : Z + wrapped for both techniques.

Trade name : Rotor spinning = various, Friction spinning = Dref 2

OPEN END SPINNING ROTOR SPINNING:1. The feed roller and feed plate2. A saw-tooth or pin covered roller called an opening roller3. A tapered tube termed the fiber transport channel4. A shallow cup, called a rotor (A groove is cut into the circumference at the maximum internal radius

of the rotor and is referred to as the rotor groove.)5. A flanged tube facing the rotor base and coaxial to the rotor, termed the doffing tubeFRICTION SPINNING:1. Card Drum2. Inlet System 3. Air Current4. Spinning Drum5. Parallelizer6. Outlet Roller7. Winding Device

Machinery used and Arrangements

OPEN END SPINNING

ROTOR SPUN YARN:

High delivery speeds; Low yarn production costs (lower than those of

ring spinning); Elimination of rewinding; Low end breakage rates; Yarn character similar to that of ring-spun yarn; No wrapping fibers Optically good mass evenness (well suited to

knitted goods); Smooth yarn appearance.

FRICTION SPUN YARN :

DREF yarns have bulky appearance. (100-140% bulkier than the ring spun yarns).

Rayon and Kevlar can be spun using this method

A high % age of core have a high stiffness. The twist is not uniform and found with loopy

yarn surface. Only 60% of the tenacity of ring-spun yarns and

about 90% of rotor spun-yarns. Provides a good platform for production

of core spun yarns due to its spinning principle. Outstanding abrasion resistance, Consistence performance in sewing operation,

Product Speciality

OPEN END SPINNINGROTOR SPUN YARN :

Rotor yarn is coarser than carded or combed yarn. The count of rotor yarn is very low. (Most of rotor yarn count is below 20’s but highest yarn count may be 40’s .) Coarser fabric is formed by rotor yarn. Most of the jeans or pant is made by rotor yarn. Denim is fully depends on rotor yarn. The price of rotor yarn fabric is very low than combed and carded yarn fabric. Lower Breaking strength. Higher Elongation at break Better Mass irregularity ( over short lengths) Lower imperfection index Abrasion resistance higher Stiffness higher Hand feel harder

FRICTION SPUN YARN:

Low tensile strengthGood uniformity. High production rates.technical core wrapped yarns. can be spun from asbestos, carbon fibers. Usually weak as compared to other yarns. Better cohesion between the core and Sheath and within the sheath. Low manufacturing cost. Possibility for automation. Ideal wash and wear performance and permanent. Excellent resistance to perspirationAdequate elasticity for the stretch requirements.

Property of Product

OPEN END SPINNING

Cotton rotor spinning machine open endBrand Name : RunxinManufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China Yarn counts :0-24 pcsPrize : US $130,000 - 170,000 / SetRotor Spinning Production Line TJ-008A ( Spinning Machine ) Brand Name : TONGJIA Manufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China Yarn counts :0-24 pcs

Prize : : US $200,000 - 320,000 / Set

Prize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers

OPEN END SPINNING

Friction Spinning Machine for mop yarnBrand Name : RunxinManufacturer: Shandong, China (Mainland)Suppliers :Wangtai,Jiaonan,Qingdao,China Production Capacity:95%-100%Prize : :US $60,000 - 70,000 / Set


OPEN END SPINNINGGreen cotton open end rotor yarnBrand Name: LilongPrize : US $0.7 - 2 / KilogramType : Cotton Blended YarnFeature: Eco-Friendly, RecycledCount : 5s-32sEvenness: 1.2%Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (MainlandSuppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland

NE16/1 cotton rotor spinning yarnBrand Name: MingWeiPrize : US $0.7 - 2 / KilogramType : 100% CottonFeature: Eco-Friendly, Anti-PillingCount :16/1Evenness : 1.2%Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (MainlandSuppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland


OPEN END SPINNINGPrize of the set up and the products with Manufacturers & Suppliers

Recycled friction spun mop yarn cotton mop yarn for mop from chinaBrand Name: LilongPrize :US $1,170 - 1,200 / TonType :Polyester Blended YarnFeature: Eco-Friendly, Moisture

Absorbent,recycled, Count : 1.2s-0.8ssEvenness : goodManufacturer: Xinjiang, China (MainlandSuppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland

Friction spun yarn for making mop

Brand Name: chengyuPrize :US $0.95 - 1.56 / KilogramType : Cotton Blended YarnFeature:Anti-Bacteria, Anti-Static, Eco-

Friendly,Count :0.5 ne to 30 neEvenness: 1.2%Manufacturer: Xinjiang, China (MainlandSuppliers: Xinjiang, China (Mainland

Ring Spinning TECHNIQUES

Definition: A process of spinning in which the yarn is twisted while passing through a small metal device traveling rapidly around a ring in the operation of winding the into bobbin.

History of Ring spinning Machine :The ring spinning machine was first invented in 1828 by the American Thorp. In 1830, another American scientist, Jenk, contributed the traveler rotating on the ring. There have been many development has done in ring spinning machine for the last years but the basic concept remained unchanged.

http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/02/an-overview-of-developments-in-yarn.html


Operations involved in Ring frame: CreelingDrafting Twisting Winding Doffing MECHANISM

Ring Spinning TECHNIQUESVarious components of Ring Frame• Thread guide:

It is a yarn guide made by bending a wire named snail wire. Functions: Its main function is to guide the yarn thus maintain the security of the yarn.

• It prevents yarn collision with adjacent yarns. • It surface should be smooth to prevent rubbing of yarn. Rubbing

creates yarn hairiness. Spindle:

The spindle is the main part of a ring frame which helps in twisting, winding .


Functions of spindle:

Twisting and winding is performed by spindle. It holds the bobbin. The capacity of ring frame is mainly determine by the number of

spindleRing:

The ring are made of low carbon steel i.e. soft steel or ceramic.Function: There are some important functions of ring. These are given below:- Ring guides the circular run of the traveler.

It also helps in twisting by means of running of the traveler. It also acts as a track of traveler.


Classification of ring: A) According to origin or element:- i. Metallic ring, ii. Ceramic ring B) According to number of flange:- i. Single flange ring, ii. Double flange ring

Flange: The path of traveler on the ring is called flange. It may be single or double

Traveler: Traveler is the most tinny and simple mechanical element in ring frame which carries the most important function like simultaneous twisting, winding, thread guide etc. Function of traveller: Traveler does some important in ring frame. These are mentioned below:-

Twisting on the drafted strand of fibre. Winding of the yarn on the bobbin.


• Maintain winding tension of the yarn by the frictional resistance between the ring and the traveler. It acts as a guide for yarn on the way to be wound on the bobbin.

• Types of traveller: Travelers can be classified into following two ways:-

A) According to shape:- C – traveller Elliptical traveller

• B) According to the X-section of wire: Round traveller Flat traveller Semi-circular traveller


• Apron: Rubber Apron is made of synthetic rubber material, with excellent wear-resistance/oil-resistance/ageing-resistance and smooth surface. In addition, it is of good stability, flexibility & wide application. It is used in drafting system of ring frame and some other modern drafting system in spinning machine. It contains cradle for guiding its direction of length

• Rubber cot: It is one type of synthetic rubber material which is used in top rollers of ring frame drafting system. The rubber cots also used on drawing frames, combing machines & spinning frames. Its hardness can be varied. The hardness of rubber cots is expressed by degree. Generally harder cots are used in the back rollers and softer rollers are used in front rollers.

Production Quality:Twist type: S or ZCount Range(Tex): 300-5Production speed(m/min): 35-45


Major manufacturer of Ring frame: Lakshmi Machinery Works Limited, India Price: Toyoda Textile Machinery , Japan Price: $20000-40000Rieter Machine Works Limited, Switzerland Price: $25000-45000Suessen Gmbh, Germany Price: $35000-40000China Textile Machinery Group co. Limited, china Price: $17000-35000

Ring Spinning TECHNIQUESAdvantage of Ring Spinning System:

Any type of material (fibre) can be spun • Wide range of count can be processed • It delivers a yarn with optimum characteristics. • Idealized twisting system • It is uncomplicated and easy to operate • Higher yarn strength can be achieved Disadvantages of Ring Spinning System:

Low production • Machine generates more heat Limitations:

In ring spinning machine twisting and winding are done simultaneously. That’s why the power consumption is higher.

http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/03/yarn-twist-relationship-between-yarn.html

Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUESSelf-twist spinning is the process that involves

inserting alternating S and Z twist in the fibre strands that come from the drafting system. This is done by passing the slivers between the draft rollers which rotate along the axes as they rotate to deliver the threads.

The self-twist spinning method provides a concept whereby two strands can be twisted and plied in a single-stage process to give a torque-balanced two-fold yarn suitable for knitting. The method is based on the false-twist principle.

Self-twist spinning TECHNIQUES

o A pairs of roving are fed onto the drafting rollers in such a way that the last set reciprocates axially.

o The roving slivers are drawn out on succession of these drafting rollers. The action of the drafting rollers causes a rolling action of the strands as they emerge.

o The side ways movement of the roller causes the stands to wrap around each other.

o After the rollers complete their side ways motion in one direction, the movement is then shifted in the opposite direction.

o The resultant yarn therefore has alternating sections of right and left hand twist.

Machinery used :


o The machine itself is a small high productive unit. lt has four spinning heads and a delivery Speed of 220 m/min. Although some Versions were developed to run at higher Speeds

o The machine is simple to operate and maintain. A 2 kW motor is required to drive the machine (including compressed air).

o The machine can be installed and will be running in about 8 hours.

Machinery used :


o Often two yarns are twisted together, termed doubling or plying, in order to improve yarn properties, in particular yarn evenness, or to overcome downstream processing difficulties, for example in weaving worsted fabric where the warp yarns are not sized and therefore a low yarn hairiness and high abrasion resistance are important. Because of the cost issue of an additional processing stage (i.e. doubling) various techniques have been developed which simulate a two-fold yarn using the ring spinning method.


Each of the yarn strand contains twist. Twist in a self-twist yarn is described in turns per l/2 cycle,

that is the number of turns in each section of S and Z twist. The twist level will also increase as the yarn becomes finer. Originally Self-Twist yarns were used in the weavrng trade

and were subjected to a further twisting Operation after the self twist machine.

When used in knitting applications the unidirectional twist in these yarns prevented them from producing satisfactory fabrics or garments.

property of products


The key to the System is that, before the false twist escape, the two sfrands are brought together to lie parallel. When the false twist escapes, the rotation of the two yarn,s Causes them to wrap around each other, preventing the false twist from dissipating and so forming a balanced two-fold structure of alternating S and Z two-fold twist.

Products speciality


Energy cost Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819

Cost for the set up and products

Core Spinning Techniques

Core spinning is a special type of spinning where fiber is wrapped around a filament. The filament acts as the core and fiber acts as sheath. There are many types of core spinning techniques, Few are:• Ring core spinning• Rotor core spinning• Composite electrostatic core spinning

Energy cost Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819

Core Spinning

Core Spinning Techniques Energy cost Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819

In rotor core spinning the basic spinning technique is rotor spinning, where core spinning attachments are added.

ROTOR CORE SPINNINGRing core

spinningIn ring core spinning the basic spinning technique is ring spinning, where core spinning attachments are added.

Core Spinning Techniques

Energy cost Self-Twist £ 2270 ;Conventional £4819 • Core spinning technique

unveiled path for new products including high performance textiles, sewing thread in garment manufacturing.

• Exceptional streangth• Outstanding abrasion resistance• Elasticity in stretch

requirements• Excellent resistance in

perspiration

ADVANTAGES OF CORE SPUN YARN

Properties of Core spun yarnMost important thing about core spun yarn is that it shows property from both its core and sheath.

For example:

Cotton does not have good elasticity but when core spun with spandex, it has a very good elastic from spandex as well as absorbency form cotton..

Core Spinning TechniquesManufacturer, Supplier, Prize

Manufacturer & Supplier:G-TexHabei, China.$1.4-2.1 per kilogramSunheri Texcraft PVT. LTD.India.$1-1.5 per kilogramJawala Poly ThreadIndia$1.2-1.8 per kilogram

Ilshin Spinning Co. LimitedSouth KoreaGuangzhou Renhui Trading & Developing Co. LimitedChina

Chonbang CompanySouth korea

Apollo Textile Mills LimitedPakistan

1.Tackling spindle under windings Reiter SERVOgrip 2.Rieter Individual Spindle

Monitoring (ISM)

Development of ring spinning techniques

3.Rieter G36 ring spinning machine

Economy Quality Flexibility

Consist of-1. Circular superconductor and 2. A durable magnet ring

4.Innovative twisting system based on superconducting technology

Development of ring spinning techniques

1.AUTOCRO 8 automatic rotor spinning machine

♣ designed for rotor motor speeds of 200,000 rpm♣ up to 25% more productive ♣ digital yarn splicing technology♣ The most flexible rotor spinning machine in the world♣ Maximum economic efficiency

Fig: AUTOCRO 8 automatic rotor spinning machine

Development of rotor spinning techniques

2. Rieter R 40 rotor spinning machine

Development of rotor spinning techniques

Optimal combination of leading technology and modern machine conceptSuperior yarn quality with the most advanced spinning box technologyBest spinning stability for highest production speedFour robots option to increase efficiency with coarse yarn countsHighest speed and efficiency with state-of-the-art robotic automationLow production cost with efficient energy saving

Fig: Rieter R 40 rotor spinning machine

Development of core spinning techniques

THANK YOU ALL

different spinning techniques

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