different type of databases
TRANSCRIPT
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASESPresented by Shwe Yee Mya Win
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AGENDA› Introduction to Database
› Definition of different database type
› Characteristics & Features
› Appropriate Usages
› Advantages & Disadvantages
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DatabaseA collection of interrelated data stored in a computer.
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Importance of database
› Provide a highly efficient method for handling large amount of different types of data with ease.
› Database allows data to be stored systematically and these data to be easily retrieved, filtered, sorted and updated efficiently and accurately.
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Flat File DatabaseSimple database system that stores record in a plain text file that have no structured relationships between each record.
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CHARACTERISTICS & FEATURES
› Store all data in one large table.
› Each line of the text holds one record.
› The first row in a flat file refers to the field name.
› The different fields in a record are separated by delimiters, such as vertical bar “|” or a comma “,” or a semi-colon “;”.
› No folders or paths are used organize the data.
› Cannot store graphical documents but only text.
› Data stored in it are searchable by using keywords, phrases or both.
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Where to use ?› Ideal for storing very small amounts of simple data that could be
manually manageable. For example:
We can use flat file database to store records of funding or savings for a small group of people because there is not many fields, the use of multiple table is
not necessary as well and there is no complex process to perform.
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ADVANTAGES
› Easier to setup and use.
› Consume less space.
› No special software or hardware requirements.
› Often free or cheap.
DISADVANTAGES
› Prone to data corruption or duplication.
› Prone to error.
› Hard to update or modify.
› Poor access control.
› Cannot perform complex process
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Relational DatabaseMore advanced and efficient type of database which can store very large amount of data in a set of tables that are linked together.
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CHARACTERISTICS & FEATURES› Use of multiple tables to store records and each table is composed of records
in rows & columns.
› Each column is a field which represents a particular type of information of the entity and each row lists as one record.
› Each field in a table has its own data type.
› Each row contains a unique instance of data to uniquely identifies a record.
› Records within the tables are linked to records held in other tables through a relationship.
› The statements of inserting, retrieving, updating and deleting data in relational databases are made by queries which are written in SQL.
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Where to use ?
› Widely used in many different industries ranging from small to large companies to:_– store financial records of the whole industry,– keep track of inventory, – hold customer and supplier information– keep track of customer orders– keep records on employees and etc.
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ADVANTAGES
› Can store vast amount of data.
› Ensures data integrity
› Easily extendable and modifiable
› Facilitates data accessibility, searchability, and reporting.
› Better performance
› Allow multiple users
› Advanced data security
DISADVANTAGES
› Steep learning curve.
› Expensive to set up & maintain.
› Require sophisticated hardware and networking setups.
› Presents a double-edged sword.
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Hierarchical DatabaseType of database where data are organized in a tree structure that links a number of different elements to one "parent," primary record.
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CHARACTERISTICS & FEATURES
› The top of the tree is the parent and the branches are children.
› All attributes of a specific record are listed under an entity type (parent).
› An entity type is the equivalent of a table.
› Each individual record is represented as a row and an attribute as a column.
› Each record type has only one parent.
› Entity types are related to each other using one-to-many relationship.
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Where to use ?› Most relevant to use in the situation where the primary focus of information
is gathered on a single data element such as a list of business departments, employee organization in corporations or assets.
› For example, we can use the hierarchical schema for part of the COMPANY database.
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ADVANTAGES
› Easier to understand.
› Simplifies data overview.
› Easier to work with because of its linear type data storage
DISADVANTAGES
› Predefined tree structure reduces flexibility.
› Many too many relationships not supported.
› Slow because access to a child segment can only be done through the parent segment
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Desktop DatabaseType of basic database that is made to run on a single computer.
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CHARACTERISTICS & FEATURES
Allows file system level access to data, rather than access via a database server.
Usually come with rich, visual data-centric user interfaces
Like text database, each row is a single record but each field is in a separate column
Offer a range of functionality for smaller data sets but do not generally support the kinds of advanced predictive analytics and data mining.
Widely used in small systems where expensive client-server databases are unnecessary and simple table-based access is more familiar to users
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ADVANTAGES
› Cheaper to implement and maintain.
› User friendly database environment.
› Does not require sophisticated hardware and networking setups.
DISADVANTAGES
› Low Security.
› Limited performance & capability.
› Cannot represent complex data relationships.
› Data redundancy is common especially when the amount of data increases.
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REFERENCE› https://www.techopedia.com/definition/25956/flat-file› http://
www.jegsworks.com/lessons/ComputerBasics/lesson1-2/lesson2-4database.htm
› https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_database_model› https://www.techopedia.com/definition/19782/hierarchical-database› http://
databasemanagement.wikia.com/wiki/Category:Hierarchical_Data_Model› http://
www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/information-technology/hierarchical-data-model.php
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