Digestion Clip by Brainpop

Digestion is the process of breaking

food into small molecules so that they can be used by the

body.

Nutrients…

• Are substances in food that provide energy and materials for cell development, growth, and repair.

TWO TYPES OF DIGESTION

• Mechanical or Physical: breaking food down by cutting, chewing and grinding.

• Chemical: breaking food into small molecules through chemical reactions with enzymes.

Enzymes

Enzymes are molecules that speed up the rate of chemical reactions

They do this without being changed or used up.

Enzymes also speed up reactions by reducing amount of energy necessary for a chemical change to begin.

Digestive Enzymes are:

AMYLASE is an enzyme secreted in the mouth. This enzyme breaks down carbohydrates. (starches)

PEPSIN, found in the stomach, causes complex proteins to break down into less complex proteins.

Enzymes are also responsible for MANY chemical reactions in your body---not just the ones involved in digestion!

The Digestive System

Purpose: to convert food particles into

simpler molecules that can be absorbed

into bloodstream and used by the body

Major Organs : The Alimentary Canal

Mouth

Esophagus Organs that the food will pass

Stomach

Small intestine through

Large intestine

Pancreas –

Liver –

Gallbladder –

Helper Organs

Your Digestive System

Mouth: Begins chemical & mechanical digestion, glands in mouth produce saliva, which contains amylase, which breaks down starch

MOUTH

Your Digestive System

Esophagus: muscular tube that connects throat to stomach. Moves food down by squeezing (peristalsis)

ESOPHAGUS

Your Digestive System

Stomach: muscular bag where chemical and mechanical digestion continue; food stays here ~4 hours, changes to chyme a thick oatmeal like liquid.

STOMACH

Small Intestine: tube nearly 7 meters long where digestive juices from liver and pancreas are added; villi absorb molecules from chyme

All digestion is completed here.

Small Intestine

Pancreas: a small organ that produces substances that stop the action of stomach acid, makes enzymes that break down carbohydrates

PANCREAS

HELPER ORGANS

Helper organs

Liver: produces bile, which is stored in gall bladder. Bile breaks up large particles of fats into smaller particles.

fat

Fat

droplets

Helper organs

Gall Bladder: small sac that stores bile produced by liver

Your Digestive System

Large Intestine: absorbs water from undigested food, where unabsorbed materials become more solid

Your Digestive System

Rectum: where solid wastes (feces) are stored.

ANUS: muscles control the release of solid wastes from the body

RECTUM

1) MOUTH

2) ESOPHAGUS

3) STOMACH

4) SMALL

INTESTINE

5) LG. INTESTINE

6) RECTUM

LIVER

GALL BLADDER PANCREAS

ALIMENTARY CANAL HELPER ORGANS

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Digestive System Clip by Brainpop

Digestive System Clip by Brainpop